Concurrent removal of intravitreal lens fragments after phacoemulsification with pars plana vitrectomy prevents development of retinal detachment.

Aim: To evaluate the outcomes of "concurrent vitrectomy" to retrieve dislocated lens fragment during phacoemulsification.

Methods: In a retrospective, observational case series, data of patients who underwent "concurrent" pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for dislocated lens fragments between the period 2000 and 2008 were reviewed. Data collected included patient demographics, pre-operative visual acuity, intra-operative occurrence of retinal breaks, duration of follow up, post-operative intraocular pressure, final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), presence of cystoid macular edema (CME) and occurrence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Syphilitic chorioretinitis mimicking an anterior chiasmal syndrome.

Purpose: To report a case of syphilitic chorioretinitis mimicking an anterior chiasmal syndrome.

Methods: Observational case report.

Results: A 74-year-old man with a remote history of syphilitic chorioretinitis was noted to have an apparent junctional scotoma on a screening Humphrey visual field.

Evaluation of a Novel, Non Contact, Automated Focal Laser with Integrated (NAVILAS) Fluorescein Angiography for Diabetic Macular Edema.

Purpose: To evaluate the procedural experience and complications of a novel integrated laser delivery system (NAVILAS(®); OD-OS Teltow, Germany) that combines automated laser delivery with color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography (FA), fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and infrared imaging with a frequency doubled YAG laser.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study evaluated surgical experience with the NAVILAS automated photocoagulation system for the treatment of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). Subjective assessment of the accuracy of laser spot placement and postoperative complications were documented.

Prophylactic circumferential intraoperative laser retinopexy decreases the risk of retinal detachment after macular hole surgery.

Purpose: Pars plana vitrectomy with peeling of the internal limiting membrane is a well-established technique for the treatment of idiopathic macular holes with high success rates. Complications such as retinal tears may result from vitreous incarceration at the sclerotomy sites. Prophylactic laser retinopexy (LR) has recently been shown to decrease incidence of postvitrectomy rhegmatogenous retinal detachment but its efficacy in macular hole repair has not been established.

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography documented rapid resolution of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema with topical difluprednate.

Introduction: Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema is a common cause of poor vision after cataract surgery, and topical corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used for its treatment. We investigated the effectiveness of difluprednate (Durezol(®), recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration) in the treatment of cystoid macular edema, assisted with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Case Report: A 63-year-old African-American woman presented 6 weeks after uneventful cataract surgery in her left eye with decreased vision and associated distortion of the central visual field.

Hypoxia initiates sirtuin1-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor activation in choroidal endothelial cells through hypoxia inducible factor-2α.

Purpose: Hypoxia is a critical pathological factor in a variety of retinal diseases, including age-related macular degeneration. It upregulates angiogenic growth factors and promotes neovascularization. Hypoxia changes the cellular redox state and activates class III histone deacetylase sirtuin1 (SIRT1).

A review: role of ultraviolet radiation in age-related macular degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in the western world. The retina is highly susceptible to photochemical damage from continuous exposure of light and oxygen. The cornea and the lens block a major portion of the ultraviolet (UV) radiation from reaching the retina (<295 nm).

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in aqueous humor of primary open angle glaucoma.

Purpose: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), a macrophage/monocyte derived pluripotent cytokine is associated with tissue ischemia, neuronal damage and remodeling. The physiological level of TNF-α in aqueous humor of normal and glaucomatous eyes is unknown. In this study, we evaluated the TNF-α levels in aqueous in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and compared them to controls.

Cortical visual impairment: etiology, associated findings, and prognosis in a tertiary care setting.

Purpose: To evaluate the etiology, prognosis, and associated neurological and ophthalmologic findings of children with cortical visual impairment (CVI) at a tertiary care referral facility.

Methods: Records from patients visiting the Vanderbilt University Pediatric Ophthalmology Center during 2002 to 2005 were reviewed, and 98 patients were identified with an International Classification of Disease (9th ed.) coding of CVI (377.