Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on salivary melatonin levels in patients with periodontal disease.

Context: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease in which periodontal tissues are damaged as a result of an imbalance in the oxidant/antioxidant systems. Melatonin is one hormone that controls circadian rhythms and is also an antioxidant and immune modulator.

Aim: The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of scaling and root planing (SRP) on salivary melatonin levels (SM) in patients with periodontal disease.

Effect of diode laser as an adjunct to open flap debridement in treatment of periodontitis - A randomized clinical trial.

Background: The goals of periodontal therapy are to prevent the disease, arrest the disease progression, and regeneration of lost periodontium. Diode laser gained popularity in periodontal practice with a wide range of potential benefits.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate and compare the clinical effects of laser-assisted open flap debridement (OFD) versus conventional OFD for the periodontitis treatment.

Comparison of Ozonated Olive Oil and Chlorhexidine Gel as an Adjunct to Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy for the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objectives: Complete elimination of the pathogenic microorganisms from the gingival sulcus area is the ultimate goal of any periodontal therapy. Certain factors such as anatomical variation of teeth, deep periodontal pocket, and tissue-invading ability of some bacteria decrease the effectiveness of conventional nonsurgical periodontal therapy, i.e.

Salivary tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in periodontitis associated with diabetes mellitus after low level laser therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planning: A randomized clinical trial.

Context: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) has been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and diabetes. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy was shown to reduce inflammation and improves glycemic status. Recently, adjunctive low level laser therapy (LLLT) has been shown to alter the inflammatory process.

Comparison of salivary calprotectin levels in periodontitis associated with diabetes mellitus after low-level laser therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing: A randomized clinical trial.

Context And Aims: Calprotectin is a myeloid protein, exerting pro-inflammatory effects on various cells and are shown to be elevated in inflammatory diseases. Periodontal therapy has been shown to decrease the levels of calprotectin in body fluids. Hence, the present study was aimed at assessing salivary calprotectin levels in periodontitis associated with diabetes mellitus after low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP).

Adult multifocal Langerhan's cell histiocytosis involving periodontal tissues.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare inflammatory neoplasia characterized by uncontrolled stimulation and abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells (LCs). It can present as unifocal or multifocal with local and systemic manifestations which involves various internal organs and mucosal tissues. The clinical course varies among individuals, ranges from spontaneous resolution to life-threatening conditions with multisystem involvement.

Clinical and microbiological effects of adjunctive photodynamic diode laser therapy in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial.

Conventional mechanical debridement alone cannot eliminate bacteria and their products from periodontal pockets. Adjunctive therapies improve tissue healing through detoxification and bactericidal effects. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment procedure that involves the use of a dye as a photosensitizer to attach to the target cell and be activated by a photon of an appropriate wavelength.

Evaluation of Nurses' Attitude toward the Provision of Oral Hygiene Care to Hospitalized Patients at Two Private Hospitals in South India.

Background: Several hospitalized patients with complex medical issues depend on nursing staff for their daily health care due to several functional limitations. This study investigates the Oral Hygiene Care (OHC) activities and attitudes of nurses toward hospitalized patients.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at two private hospitals using a self-administered, structured questionnaire distributed to 585 nursing staff.

Validating gingival surface temperature as an alternative tool in the diagnosis of periodontal disease activity: An observational clinical trial.

Elevated temperature has been recognized as an inflammatory sign. It is the only indication that can be both objectively and quantitatively evaluated and is considered as a potential indicator of periodontal disease. Assessing gingival surface temperature (GST) could be a diagnostic parameter to determine periodontal health.

Dental management of a patient with incidentally detected hemophilia: Report of a clinical case.

Individuals with hemophilia are at risk for bleeding episodes, which range from mild mucosal/soft-tissue bleeding to life-threatening hemorrhages. This report describes the dental/medical management provided to a 23-year-old patient suffering from uncontrolled bleeding after an electrosurgical procedure (operculectomy) in relation to the mandibular right third molar, in which hemophilia was a true accidental finding. Various safety measures that need to be considered during the dental surgical management of hemophilic patients are discussed.

Association of Stress, Salivary Cortisol, and Chronic Periodontitis: A Clinico-biochemical Study.

Background: Periodontitis and stress are among the areas of increasing interest over the past two decades. Early detection of these diseases plays a crucial role in successful therapy. Cortisol is a protein which was found to be consistently associated with both.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practice behaviors of medical specialists for the relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease: A questionnaire survey.

Introduction: Increased risk of periodontal disease has been associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and also periodontitis is considered as the sixth complication of DM. Medical physicians may have an advantageous position compared to the dentists to provide early patient counseling about oral health because patients attend medical offices more often than to dental offices and are more likely to be affiliated to medical than to dental insurance. Hence, the medical practitioners should have sufficient knowledge in this regard.

Diabetes and periodontitis: How well are the patients aware about an established relation?

Aim: The study aimed to assess the levels of awareness about the mutual relationship between diabetes and periodontitis among high-risk age group of the general population and to assess the attitude of general physicians in suggesting diabetic patients to visit a dentist.

Materials And Methods: A structured, closed-ended questionnaire either in English or in local language (Telugu) was distributed and collected from 203 patients who were willing to participate in the study attending the Department of Periodontics, Narayana Dental College & Hospital, Nellore, AP. Data were statistically analyzed and represented in percentages and number.

Drug-induced gingival overgrowth: A critical insight into case reports from over two decades.

Drug-induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO) is a well-recognized adverse effect of certain systemic medications. Calcium channel blockers, anticonvulsants, and immunosuppressants are frequently implicated drugs in the etiology of DIGO. Drug variables, plaque-induced inflammation, and genetic factors are the three important factors in the expression of gingival changes after systemic medication use.

Primary culprit for tooth loss!!

Aim: In order to facilitate planning for dental health services and to progress strategies to continue the reduction in tooth loss, it is important to identify the factors that result in such loss. therefore the aim of the study is to investigate the major cause for tooth extraction.

Objective: to examine whether the major reason for tooth extraction is dental caries or periodontal disease.

Effect of combination of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid + tetracycline with coronally positioned flap in the treatment of gingival recession: A clinical study.

Context: Gingival recession is the apical migration of gingival margin results from destruction of the connective tissue leading to various esthetic problems. Many surgical procedures have been attempted to achieve root coverage that include free gingival grafts, pedicle flaps such as semilunar coronally repositioned flaps (SCRFs) and guided tissue regeneration. The exposed root surface has undergone substantial alterations and may no longer serve as an appropriate substrate for cell attachment and fiber development.

Effectiveness of Subgingival Irrigation as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Systematic Review.

Aim: Subgingival applications of various chemotherapeutic agents have been used as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal treatment and preventive periodontal therapy. Their use in regular clinical practice, however, is less, perhaps due to concerns about clinical success or probably due to a lack of knowledge of their effectiveness or cost. The aim of this systematic review is to obtain overall quantitative estimate of effectiveness of subgingival irrigation (SI) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Effect of chlorhexidine chip in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Aims: The evaluation of clinical and specific microbiological changes associated with chlorhexidine chip in the chronic periodontitis patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 30 chronic periodontitis patients (aged 20-65 years) having pocket depth of ≥5 mm in molar teeth were selected and randomly divided into following treatment groups: Group 1 - Scaling and root planning (SRP), Group 2 - SRP along with chlorhexidine chip and Group 3 - Only chlorhexidine chip. The clinical and microbial parameters were recorded at baseline and 1 and 3 months post-treatment as above.

Effect of Ozonised water on Chronic Periodontitis - A Clinical Study.

Background: The aim of the study was to study the clinical effects of ozonated water on periodontal tissues.

Materials & Methods: In the present study 30 subjects were selected with age ranging from 20 to 60 yearsand pocket depth of ≥5mm. Two sites were selected in each patient whichwere divided into two groups.

Hygiene hypothesis and periodontitis--a possible association.

Hygiene hypothesis has been proposed more than two decades back to explain an increasing prevalence of allergic diseases and atopy. It states that, a lack of early childhood exposure to infectious agents increases susceptibility to allergic diseases and atopy later in life. The evidence in relation to hygiene hypothesis is controversial and inconclusive.

Green tea extract as a local drug therapy on periodontitis patients with diabetes mellitus: A randomized case-control study.

Background: The green tea extract is a naturally occurring product having beneficial effects that counteract with the pathobiological features of periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. Hence, the present study was aimed at incorporation of green tea extract into hydroxylpropyl methylcellulose and investigates its efficacy in chronic periodontitis patients associated with and without diabetes mellitus.

Materials And Methods: For the in vitro study, formulation of green tea strips and placebo strips, and analysis of drug release pattern from the green tea strips at different time intervals were performed.

The effect of stress on periodontitis: A clinicobiochemical study.

Background: Clinical and epidemiological data suggest that negative life experience events, like depression, may contribute to an increased susceptibility to periodontal disease.

Aim: To study the association between psychological stress and chronic periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and eleven dentate individuals, of age 40 years and above, were selected.