Identification of novel influenza virus H3N2 nucleoprotein inhibitors using most promising epicatechin derivatives.

Influenza A virus is a leading cause of acute respiratory tract infections, posing a significant global health threat. Current treatment options are limited and increasingly ineffective due to viral mutations. This study aimed to identify potential drug candidates targeting the nucleoprotein of the H3N2 subtype of Influenza A virus.

Surveillance and response strategies for zoonotic diseases: a comprehensive review.

Out of all emerging infectious diseases, approximately 75% are of zoonotic origin, with their source often traced back to animals. The emergence of zoonoses is driven by a complex interplay between anthropogenic, genetic, ecological, socioeconomic, and climatic factors. This intricate web of influences poses significant challenges for the prediction and prevention of zoonotic outbreaks.

Waiting for Care and Community Organizing for Serious Health-Related Suffering in Kerala, India.

We explore the temporalities that shape and alleviate serious health-related suffering among those with chronic and terminal conditions in Kerala, India. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork between 2009 and 2019, we examine the entanglements between waiting for care within dominant institutions and the community organizing that palliates this waiting. Specifically, people navigate multiple medical institutions, experience loneliness and abandonment, loss of autonomy, and delays and denials of recognition as they wait for care.

Evaluation of Postoperative Complications Following Modified Coronally Advanced Flap as Root Coverage Procedure - A Prospective Clinical Study.

Background: Root coverage procedures are very technique sensitive and require patients' compliance for successful treatment outcomes. Post operative complications can influence patients' acceptance of treatment and compromise further periodontal maintenance.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and severity of complications after a modified coronally advanced flap procedure.

Situation Analysis and Recommendations for the Biosecurity Status of Dairy Farms in Punjab, India: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Farm biosecurity is an important herd management strategy to assure infection prevention and animal health. The present study aimed to evaluate the implementation of biosecurity measures on dairy farms in Punjab, India, using the standardized Biocheck.UGent™ scoring system.

Can Improved Farm Biosecurity Reduce the Need for Antimicrobials in Food Animals? A Scoping Review.

Limited and judicious antimicrobial usage (AMU) is considered the key to saving the success of human and veterinary medicine in treating infections. With the limited alternatives for antimicrobials, farm biosecurity (and herd management) is considered a promising tool to mitigate the non-judicious AMU and to maintain animal health, production, and welfare. The present scoping review aims to analyse the effect of farm biosecurity on AMU in livestock systems and formulate recommendations.

Monitoring of antimicrobial usage among adult bovines in dairy herds of Punjab, India: A quantitative analysis of pattern and frequency.

The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial usage (AMU) pattern in dairy herds of Punjab, India. The on-farm quantification of AMU in adult bovine animals by the manual collection of empty drug containers ("bin method") along with the records of the treatment was carried out in 38 dairy farms involving 1010 adult bovines for 1 year from July 2020 to June 2021. The farm owners were asked to record the antibiotic treatments as well as to deposit empty antibiotic packaging/vials into the provided bins placed at the farms.

Morpho-biochemical characterization of a RIL population for seed parameters and identification of candidate genes regulating seed size trait in lentil ( Medik.).

The seed size and shape in lentil ( Medik.) are important quality traits as these influences the milled grain yield, cooking time, and market class of the grains. Linkage analysis was done for seed size in a RIL (F) population derived by crossing L830 (20.

Transfibular ankle arthrodesis with use of sagitally split fibula as a biological plate leads to excellent outcome: A retrospective analysis.

Background: We studied ankle arthrodesis with a transfibular approach using sagitally spilitted fibula as a biological plate (onlay grafting) as well as other half of fibula as morcellised local interpositional graft (inlay grafting) to achieve bony union.

Material And Methods: Retrospective clinico-radiological evaluation of 36 operated cases was done at 3, 6, 12 and 30 months follow-ups. Clinically union was considered once ankle became pain free on full weight bearing.

Diverse nanocomposites as a potential dressing for diabetic wound healing.

Wound healing is a programmed process of continuous events which is impaired in the case of diabetic patients. This impaired process of healing in diabetics leads to amputation, longer hospitalisation, immobilisation, low self-esteem, and mortality in some patients. This problem has paved the way for several innovative strategies like the use of nanotechnology for the treatment of wounds in diabetic patients.

Extraction of the Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agent, Prodigiosin, from PB1 and Its Identification by 1D and 2D NMR.

Prodigiosin is a secondary metabolite produced in several species of bacteria. It exhibits antimicrobial and anticancer properties. Methods for the extraction and identification of prodigiosin and their related derivatives from bacterial cultures typically depend on solvent-based extractions followed by NMR spectroscopy.

Qualitative Study on Antimicrobial Usage and Resistance in the Dairy Chain: A Situation Analysis and Solutions by Stakeholders from Punjab, India.

The rising prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in animal foods and injudicious antibiotic use in the dairy sector pose significant threats to public health. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted with a strategic sample of four stakeholder groups (114 participants) associated with antibiotic usage in the dairy sector of Punjab. The FGDs were conducted among veterinarians ( = 56), para-veterinarians ( = 28), and KIIs were conducted among chemists ( = 18) and dairy quality managers ( = 12) during 2020-2021.

Prevalence, molecular characterization, and antimicrobial resistance profile of Clostridium perfringens from India: A scoping review.

Clostridium perfringens is one of the most important foodborne pathogens that causes histotoxic diseases and intestinal infections in both humans and animals. The present scoping review has been designed to analyze the literature published during 2000-2021 from India on the prevalence, molecular characterization, and antimicrobial resistance profile of C. perfringens isolates recovered from humans, animals, animal-based foods, and associated environmental samples.

Comparative transcriptome analysis, unfolding the pathways regulating the seed-size trait in cultivated lentil ( Medik.).

Market class, cooking time, quality, and milled grain yield are largely influenced by the seed size and shape of the lentil ( Medik.); thus, they are considered to be important quality traits. To unfold the pathways regulating seed size in lentils, a transcriptomic approach was performed using large-seeded (L4602) and small-seeded (L830) genotypes.

Range grasses to improve soil properties, carbon sustainability, and fodder security in degraded lands of semi-arid regions.

Tropical grasses are the primary source of forage for livestock and a valuable resource for improving soil health and environmental sustainability in semi-arid regions. A study was carried out in a semi-arid region of central India to determine the short-term (6-year) impact of nine range grasses on soil physio-chemical and biological properties, carbon stock, and forage security. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with three replications.

Biofilms as a microbial hazard in the food industry: A scoping review.

Biofilms pose a serious public health hazard with a significant economic impact on the food industry. The present scoping review is designed to analyse the literature published during 2001-2020 on biofilm formation of microbes, their detection methods, and association with antimicrobial resistance (if any). The peer-reviewed articles retrieved from 04 electronic databases were assessed using PRISMA-ScR guidelines.

Practical Consensus Recommendations for Optimizing Risk versus Benefit of Chemotherapy in Patients with HR Positive Her2 Negative Early Breast Cancer in India.

Breast cancer is a public health challenge globally as well as in India. Improving outcome and cure requires appropriate biomarker testing to assign risk and plan treatment. Because it is documented that significant ethnic and geographical variations in biological and genetic features exist worldwide, such biomarkers need to be validated and approved by authorities in the region where these are intended to be used.

Transoral robotic surgery for angiomyxoma of upper alveolus.

Angiomyxomas are benign, slow-growing mesenchymal tumors. Intraoral angiomyxoma are extremely rare with very few reported cases in the existing literature. The primary line of management is surgical resection with a long-term follow-up, due to their tendency to recur.

The usefulness of CanAssist breast in the assessment of recurrence risk in patients of ethnic Indian origin.

Accurate recurrence risk assessment in hormone receptor positive, HER2/neu negative breast cancer is critical to plan precise therapy. CanAssist Breast (CAB) assesses recurrence risk based on tumor biology using artificial intelligence-based approach. We report CAB risk assessment correlating with disease outcomes in multiple clinically high- and low-risk subgroups.

Emergency preparedness for public health threats, surveillance, modelling & forecasting.

In the interconnected world, safeguarding global health security is vital for maintaining public health and economic upliftment of any nation. Emergency preparedness is considered as the key to control the emerging public health challenges at both national as well as international levels. Further, the predictive information systems based on routine surveillance, disease modelling and forecasting play a pivotal role in both policy building and community participation to detect, prevent and respond to potential health threats.

Chemoport Insertion-Less Is More.

Unlabelled: Implantable chemoport is a very useful device for long-term venous access for infusion of chemotherapeutic drugs and other agents. There are few studies from resource poor countries reporting complications of chemoport. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the feasibility of chemoport insertion without image guidance and by closed technique without direct visualisation of a major vein (mainly IJV) and to study the complications associated with the procedure.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) Survey among Veterinarians, and Risk Factors Relating to Antimicrobial Use and Treatment Failure in Dairy Herds of India.

The indiscriminate usage of antimicrobials in the animal health sector contributes immensely to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The present study aims to assess the antimicrobial usage pattern and risk factors for AMR in animal husbandry sector of India. A cross-sectional survey about Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) among veterinarians was carried out using a questionnaire comprising of 52 parameters associated with antibiotic use and the emergence of AMR in dairy herds.

AKT isoforms have discrete expression in triple negative breast cancers and roles in cisplatin sensitivity.

AKT, a serine threonine kinase, exists in three different isoforms and is known for regulating several biological processes including tumorigenesis. In this study, we investigated the expression and net effect of the individual isoforms in triple negative breast cancers and response to cisplatin treatment using cellular, mice models and clinical samples. Interestingly, analysis of the expressions of AKT isoforms in clinical samples showed relatively higher expression of AKT1 in primary tissues; whereas lung and liver metastatic samples showed elevated expression of AKT2.

Individualized Chemotherapy Benefit Prediction by EndoPredict in Patients With Early Breast Cancer in an Indian Cohort.

Purpose: There are new advancements in the modulation of the treatment of patients with early-stage breast cancer, including the use of several molecular profiling tests to identify or select those patients who require additional adjuvant chemotherapy together with hormonal therapy on the basis of a recurrence score. One such tool is EndoPredict (Myriad Genetics; Salt Lake City, UT), which provides support in clinical decision making. The objective of this analysis was to study the landscape of absolute chemotherapy benefit and the likelihood of recurrence within 5 to 15 years in Indian patients with breast cancer who are undergoing EndoPredict testing.