Prospects of graphene quantum dots preparation using lignocellulosic wastes for application in photofermentative hydrogen production.

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are a novel carbon nanomaterial from the graphene family due to their unique physicochemical properties and diverse range of applications. However, in terms of the sustainable utility of GQDs, their synthesis methods are the main roadblock because of their high production costs and the release of toxic byproducts during the production processes. Thus, the search for sustainable and economical fabrication methods for preparing GQDs is one of the most essential areas of research for their practical applications.

Electron Beam-Supported Fabrication of Biocompatible Silver/iota-Carrageenan for Wound Healing Application.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are a potent antibacterial agent, especially when used to treat bacteria that are multidrug resistant. However, it is challenging to eliminate the hazardous reducing agents that remain in AgNPs produced by the conventional chemical reduction process. To overcome these challenges, the presented research demonstrates the fabrication of AgNPs using iota-carrageenan (ι-carra) as a carbohydrate polymer using electron beam (EB) irradiation.

Cellulose-alginate hydrogels and their nanocomposites for water remediation and biomedical applications.

In the last decade, both cellulose and alginate polysaccharides have been extensively utilized for the synthesis of biocompatible hydrogels because of their alluring characteristics like low cost, biodegradability, hydrophilicity, biodegradability, ease of availability and non-toxicity. The presence of abundant hydrophilic functional groups (like carboxyl and hydroxyl) on the surface of cellulose and alginate or their derivatives makes these materials promising candidates for the preparation of hydrogels with appealing structures and characteristics, leading to growing research in water treatment and biomedical fields. These two polysaccharides are typically blended together to improve hydrogels' desired qualities (mechanical strength, adsorption properties, cellulose/alginate yield).

Driving sustainable circular economy in electronics: A comprehensive review on environmental life cycle assessment of e-waste recycling.

E-waste, encompassing discarded materials from outdated electronic equipment, often ends up intermixed with municipal solid waste, leading to improper disposal through burial and incineration. This improper handling releases hazardous substances into water, soil, and air, posing significant risks to ecosystems and human health, ultimately entering the food chain and water supply. Formal e-waste recycling, guided by circular economy models and zero-discharge principles, offers potential solutions to this critical challenge.

Exploitation of lignocellulosic-based biomass biorefinery: A critical review of renewable bioresource, sustainability and economic views.

Urbanization has driven the demand for fossil fuels, however, the overly exploited resource has caused severe damage on environmental pollution. Biorefining using abundant lignocellulosic biomass is an emerging strategy to replace traditional fossil fuels. Value-added lignin biomass reduces the waste pollution in the environment and provides a green path of conversion to obtain renewable resources.

Exosomal miRNAs as Next-generation Therapy Vehicles in Breast Cancer.

The second most pervasive cancer affecting the survival of women across the world is breast cancer. One of the biggest challenges in breast cancer treatment is the chemoresistance of cancer cells to various medications after some time. Therefore, highly specific blood-based biomarkers are required for early breast cancer diagnosis to overcome chemoresistance and improve patient survival.

Enhanced photocatalytic and SERS performance of Ag nanoparticles functionalized MoS nanoflakes.

We report the preparation of Ag nanoparticles functionalized MoS nanoflakes by using the chemical reduction method followed by the hydrothermal method. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and elemental mapping reveals the uniform functionalization of Ag nanoparticles with MoS nanoflakes. High density of Ag plasmonic nanoparticles onto MoS nanoflakes demonstrates tremendously improved charge separation behavior in Ag-MoS nanohybrids.

Recent advances in microbial engineering approaches for wastewater treatment: a review.

In the present era of global climate change, the scarcity of potable water is increasing both due to natural and anthropogenic causes. Water is the elixir of life, and its usage has risen significantly due to escalating economic activities, widespread urbanization, and industrialization. The increasing water scarcity and rising contamination have compelled, scientists and researchers, to adopt feasible and sustainable wastewater treatment methods in meeting the growing demand for freshwater.

Protein-polysaccharide nanoconjugates: Potential tools for delivery of plant-derived nutraceuticals.

Protein-polysaccharide nanoconjugates are covalently interactive networks that are currently the subject of intense research owing to their emerging applications in the food nanotechnology field. Due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability properties, they have played a significant role as wall materials for the formation of various nanostructures to encapsulate nutraceuticals. The food-grade protein-polysaccharide nanoconjugates would be employed to enhance the delivery and stability of nutraceuticals for their real use in the food industry.

Integrated pretreatment of poplar biomass employing p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyzed liquid hot water and short-time ball milling for complete conversion to xylooligosaccharides, glucose, and native-like lignin.

This work aimed to study an integrated pretreatment technology employing p-toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH)-catalyzed liquid hot water (LHW) and short-time ball milling for the complete conversion of poplar biomass to xylooligosaccharides (XOS), glucose, and native-like lignin. The optimized TsOH-catalyzed LHW pretreatment solubilized 98.5% of hemicellulose at 160 °C for 40 min, releasing 49.

A global perspective on a new paradigm shift in bio-based meat alternatives for healthy diet.

A meat analogue is a casserole in which the primary ingredient is something other than meat. It goes by various other names, such as meat substitute, fake meat, alternative meat, and imitation meat. Consumers growing interest in improving their diets and the future of the planet have contributed to the move towards meat substitutes.

Potential application of polysaccharide mucilages as a substitute for emulsifiers: A review.

Mucilages are natural compounds consisting mainly of polysaccharides with complex chemical structures. Mucilages also contain uronic acids, proteins, lipids, and bioactive compounds. Because of their unique properties, mucilages are used in various industries, including food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.

Current and emerging applications of saccharide-modified chitosan: a critical review.

Chitin, as the main component of the exoskeleton of Arthropoda, is a highly available natural polymer that can be processed into various value-added products. Its most important derivative, i.e.

analysis to identify potential antitubercular molecules in through virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations.

A major obstacle in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) is to combat the emerging resistant strains of its causing agent i.e. (MTb).

Chitin and chitosan derived from crustacean waste valorization streams can support food systems and the UN Sustainable Development Goals.

Crustacean waste, consisting of shells and other inedible fractions, represents an underutilized source of chitin. Here, we explore developments in the field of crustacean-waste-derived chitin and chitosan extraction and utilization, evaluating emerging food systems and biotechnological applications associated with this globally abundant waste stream. We consider how improving the efficiency and selectivity of chitin separation from wastes, redesigning its chemical structure to improve biotechnology-derived chitosan, converting it into value-added chemicals, and developing new applications for chitin (such as the fabrication of advanced nanomaterials used in fully biobased electric devices) can contribute towards the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

Microencapsulation and Application of Probiotic Bacteria 299v Strain.

Microencapsulation is an up-and-coming technology for maintaining the viability of probiotics. However, the effect of core-to-wall ratios and ratios of polysaccharides on the protection of the 299v strain has not been deeply discussed. Lyophilization of the 299v strain was conducted, and different core-to-wall ratios and ratios of maltodextrin (MD) and resistant starch (RS) were applied.

Recent developments in improving the emulsifying properties of chitosan.

Chitosan is one of the valuable products obtained from crustacean waste. The unique characteristics of chitosan (antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory) have increased its application in various sectors. Besides unique biological properties, chitosan or chitosan-based compounds can stabilize emulsions.

Microbial meat: A sustainable vegan protein source produced from agri-waste to feed the world.

In the modern world, animal and plant protein may not meet the sustainability criteria due to their high need for arable land and potable water consumption, among other practices. Considering the growing population and food shortage, finding alternative protein sources for human consumption is an urgent issue that needs to be solved, especially in developing countries. In this context, microbial bioconversion of valuable materials in nutritious microbial cells represent a sustainable alternative to the food chain.

Rice straw derived graphene-silica based nanocomposite and its application in improved co-fermentative microbial enzyme production and functional stability.

Cellulases are the one of the most highly demanded industrial biocatalysts due to their versatile applications, such as in the biorefinery industry. However, relatively poor efficiency and high production costs are included as the key industrial constraints that hinder enzyme production and utilization at economic scale. Furthermore, the production and functional efficiency of the β-glucosidase (BGL) enzyme is usually found to be relatively low among the cellulase cocktail produced.

Biologically derived copper oxide-based nanocatalyst using Moringa oleifera leaves and its applications in hydrolytic enzymes and biohydrogen production.

Due to the limited availability of fossil fuels, pollution causing serious environmental issues, and their continuously rising price, the development of low-cost efficient enzymes and their implementation in biomass-based bioenergy industries are highly demanded. In the present work, phytogenic fabrication of copper oxide based nanocatalyst has been performed using moringa leaves and has been characterized using different techniques. Herein, the impact of different dosages of as-prepared nanocatalyst on fungal co-cultured cellulolytic enzyme production under co-substrate fermentation using wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse in 4:2 ratios in solid state fermentation (SSF) has been investigated.