Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Frailty, synonymous with physical vulnerability and decline, may exert nuanced effects on cognitive functions.(Borges, Canevelli, Cesari, & Aprahamian, 2019) This study assesses possible association between frailty and cognitive performance with the aim of identifying vulnerable cognitive domains.

Method: We analysed the baseline data from Tata Longitudinal Study of Ageing (TLSA)(Sundarakumar et al.

The Future Hospital in Global Health Systems: The Future Hospital as an Entity.

Health care is changing rapidly. Hospitals are, and will remain, an essential setting to deliver it. We discuss how to maximise the benefits of hospitals in the future in different geographic and health system settings, highlighting a series of cross-cutting issues.

Adherence and forgiveness of two modern ART regimens: lamivudine/dolutegravir and emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide/rilpivirine.

Introduction: Few data are available about the forgiveness of two-drug (2DR) or low-barrier three-drug antiretroviral regimens. The aim of this study is to evaluate the real-life forgiveness of lamivudine/dolutegravir (3TC/DTG) and emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide/rilpivirine (FTC/TAF/RPV).

Methods: A two center retrospective observational study enrolled all people with HIV (PWH) treated with 3TC/DTG or FTC/TAF/RPV.

Enhancing diabetic retinopathy and macular edema detection through multi scale feature fusion using deep learning model.

Background: This work tackles the growing problem of early identification of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. The deep neural network design utilizes multi-scale feature fusion to improve automated diagnostic accuracy. Methods This approach uses convolutional neural networks (CNN) and is designed to combine higher-level semantic inputs with low-level textural characteristics.

Pneumolabyrinth in a Case of Squamous Chronic Otitis Media - a Rare Entity.

Pneumolabyrinth is a rare entity in a case of squamous chronic otitis media in the practice of otology. We report a case of 56 year male, a known case of Squamous Chronic Otitis Media who was diagnosed as a case of Pneumolabyrinth associated with a Perilymphatic fistula. Diagnosis was done with the help of audiometry and High-Resolution Computed Tomography of Temporal Bone in background of his symptoms.

A high titer antibody response against P22 protein immunocomplex is not correlated with protection in naturally tuberculosis-infected goats.

Caprine livestock are significant reservoirs of the complex (MTBC), contributing to tuberculosis (TB) transmission among animals and humans. The P22 protein immunocomplex (P22PI), derived from bovine tuberculin, shows immunostimulating capacity and is used for TB diagnosis. This study assessed the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of P22PI in two groups of goats: 24 naïve goats (12 immunised, 12 controls) from a TB-free herd, and 24 infected goats (12 immunised, 12 controls), referred to as pre-infected animals, from a -infected herd.

Insights Into the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Primary Varicose Vein Disease Screening and Prognosis.

Introduction Varicose veins are a common cause of deterioration in quality of life. Chronic venous disease (CVD) is highly prevalent yet underdiagnosed. This discrepancy in care may change with better insights into the pathophysiological development of CVD.

Exploring the Global Legacy of Professor Calayampudi Radhakrishna Rao: A Review of His Life and Biostatistical Contributions.

This review article explores the seminal contributions of Professor C.R. Rao, one of the most influential statisticians of the 20th century, whose work has profoundly impacted statistical theory and its applications in various fields, particularly in medical statistics.

Morphometric Analysis of Petrous Bone With Emphasis on Landmarks Utilized in Lateral Skull Base Approaches.

Background The petrous part of the temporal bone plays a crucial role in various cranial surgical approaches, particularly those involving the middle cranial fossa. Understanding the morphometry of this region is essential for minimizing intraoperative risks and enhancing surgical outcomes. This study aims to provide a detailed morphometric analysis of the petrous bone and its anatomical landmarks in an Indian population, addressing a gap in the literature.

Prolonged outpatient parenteral antimicrobial treatment: frequency and evolution over a six-year period in a Swiss University Hospital.

Background: Emerging research indicates the potential for early transition from intravenous to oral antimicrobial therapy in certain infections. This trend may have implications for outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT) programs, as the demand for prolonged intravenous treatment could decrease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency and evolution of OPAT courses of ≥ 14 days over the years and determine the medical justification for those prolonged treatments.

Improvements in upper extremity isometric muscle strength, dexterity, and self-care independence during the sub-acute phase of stroke recovery: an observational study on the effects of intensive comprehensive rehabilitation.

Background: Stroke often impairs upper extremity motor function, with recovery in the sub-acute phase being crucial for regaining independence. This study examines changes in isometric muscle strength, dexterity, and self-care independence during this period, and evaluates the effects of a comprehensive intensive rehabilitation (COMIRESTROKE).

Methods: Individuals in sub-acute stroke recovery and age- and sex-matched controls were assessed for pre- and post-rehabilitation differences in primary outcomes (grip/pinch strength, Nine Hole Peg Test [NHPT], Action Research Arm Test [ARAT]).

Transient crystallisation of rare earth carbonates during the hydrothermal oxidation of siderite.

The researchers investigated the interaction between multi-component rare earth element-bearing aqueous solutions and siderite grains under hydrothermal conditions. Our study investigates the interaction between multi-component rare earth element (REE; La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Dy)-bearing aqueous solutions and siderite (FeCO) grains under hydrothermal conditions (50-205 °C). The results revealed a solution-mediated mineral replacement reaction that occurs a multi-step crystallisation pathway involving the formation of iron oxides (goethite, α-FeO(OH), and hematite, FeO), metastable REE-bearing minerals (kozoite, REE(CO)(OH), and bastnasite, REE(CO)(OH,F)), and cerianite (CeO).

Perioperative Anesthetic Management and Outcome of a Cadaveric Pediatric En-bloc Kidney Transplantation: A Case Report.

Kidney transplantation stands as the favored approach to treat end-stage renal disease in children, offering enhanced survival, improved quality of life, and better neuropsychological development compared to dialysis. Transplanting kidneys en bloc remains a complex procedure, diverging from the conventional single kidney transplantation in several aspects, requiring precise skill and expertise to achieve favorable outcomes. In this paper, we report a successful en-bloc kidney transplantation from a 16-month-old pediatric cadaveric donor to a 5-year-old recipient, the youngest individual to undergo an en-bloc kidney transplant in the country, and the contribution of meticulous anesthetic management to this success story.

PREVALENCE AND FACTORS OF PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT AMONG PRIMARY HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN: RESULTS OF A NATIONAL STUDY.

Unlabelled: Professional burnout is a significant issue in healthcare, particularly among primary healthcare (PHC) workers. This study aims to assess the prevalence and contributing factors to professional burnout among PHC workers in Kazakhstan, a country undergoing healthcare reforms and the implementation of new medical care standards.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2021 to 2023 across 324 medical organizations in Kazakhstan, including 232 organizations in 2021, 76 in 2022, and 16 in 2023.

Perception of the Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Practices Among Healthcare Professionals in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform healthcare practices, but the successful adoption of AI depends on the perception and acceptance of healthcare professionals. This study aimed to assess the understanding of AI concepts, recognize the attitude toward AI integration, and identify the barriers to AI adoption among healthcare professionals in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 healthcare professionals, including doctors, nurses, and paramedics, in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Chengalpattu district, India.

Evaluation of acute and subacute dermal toxicity of antibacterial bioactive glass-infused surgical cotton gauze in Wistar rats.

Mesoporous bioactive glass, with its versatile characteristics and morphology, holds significant potential as an ideal hemostatic material. However, limited data is available regarding its toxicity levels. Consequently, this research intends to assess the acute and repeated dose dermal toxicity of Mesoporous antibacterial bioactive glass microsphere impregnated nonwoven surgical cotton gauze (MABGmscg) dressing in albino Wistar rats, following the standards set by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.

Activity-based contracting for optimization of the mass distribution of insecticide-treated nets in the Democratic Republic of Congo: pilot implementation in Kwilu province.

Background: Promoting the use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) is one of the main strategies for reducing malaria-related morbidity. An innovative activity-based contracting (ABC) approach has been implemented in Kwilu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo to optimize ITN mass distribution campaigns, with payments based on contractually defined programmatic outcomes for key campaign activities following independent verification of results.

Methods: This internal evaluation was carried out using a mixed methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative document and content analysis from a series of three workshops: validation workshops for campaign results at provincial level for the 2021 and 2022 campaigns; internal evaluation workshop for the Kwilu campaign as part of the ABC approach organized by "Santé pour tous en milieu rural" (SANRU) with its sub-contractors; and national campaign evaluation workshop organized by the National Malaria Control Program.

A multimodal treatment of basilar artery re-occlusion - case report.

Background: Stroke due to basilar artery occlusion (BAO) is a severe neurovascular condition with only recently proven effectiveness of mechanical thrombectomy as treatment. Early re-occlusion of the basilar artery (RE-BAO) is an even more challenging form of stroke to treat, associated with poor outcomes and still no optimal treatment guidelines. There are only a few reported cases covering this topic thus far.

Ayurvedic Management of Presbycusis (Project TOPMAC): Protocol for an Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Presbycusis is characterized by sensorineural hearing loss in both ears at high frequencies, which affects more than half of the older adults by the age of 75 years and is often accompanied by tinnitus and cognitive deterioration. Unfortunately, there are no treatments available to restore hearing loss. Treatment mainly focuses on improving the quality of life and communication with hearing aids.

Association Between Calculated Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (sdLDL-C) and Soft Carotid Plaques on CT Angiogram of the Head and Neck.

Background: Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), also commonly known as stroke, is an acute condition characterized by jeopardized perfusion of the brain tissue. Atherosclerosis is a common converging point for the various risk factors for CVA. It is a chronic, evolving condition of the vessel wall characterized by peculiar lesions known as atheromas.

An advanced graph algorithm-based protection strategy for detecting kilometric and cross-country faults in DC microgrid.

Low voltage DC microgrids (LVDC) are on rise, because of increase in usage of electronics-based utility loads. However, the protection and safety aspects of these grids remain unresolved due to the fault current magnitude, unnecessary tripping, and blinding of protection. In this paper, an adaptive differential protection system incorporated with an advanced graph algorithm is proposed for DC microgrid.

Primary Extraskeletal Falcine Myxoid Chondrosarcoma-A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Intracranial chondrosarcomas are rare malignant lesions. Both skull base and dural-based extraosseous chondrosarcomas have been reported to occur intracranially. Dural-based chondrosarcomas arising from the falx cerebri are rare lesions with only 19 cases reported till date.