Publications by authors named "Viikari J"
Introduction: Tobacco smoking has been associated with reduced success in the labor market, potentially due to its negative impact on labor productivity, especially in physically demanding jobs, as it affects physical fitness and performance adversely.
Methods: This prospective study used data from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study survey, linked to register information on labor market outcomes and education attainment, to examine the association between tobacco smoking and long-term labor market outcomes (earnings and employment, N = 1953). Smoking levels were determined by cigarette pack-years in 2001, as reported in the survey, whereas annual earnings and employment status were tracked from 2001 to 2019.
Applications of advanced omics methodologies are increasingly popular in biomedicine. However, large-scale studies aiming at clinical translation are typically siloed to single technologies. Here, we present the first comprehensive large-scale population data combining 209 lipoprotein measures from a quantitative NMR spectroscopy platform and 809 lipid classes and species from a quantitative LC-MS/MS platform.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMass spectrometry lipidomics is becoming customary to analyse serum/plasma samples in epidemiology. The measurables are molecular constituents of lipoprotein particles, but very little is known on the consequences of adjusting lipidomics data with lipoprotein measures. We studied two population cohorts with 5,657 and 2,036 participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Exogenous insulin is reported to have both vasodilatory and vasoconstrictive effects on the microvasculature. Little is known about the associations of long-term endogenous insulin exposure with microvasculature.
Objective: To test the hypothesis that long-term exposure to high insulin levels in childhood and adulthood is associated with adverse changes in retinal microvasculature in adulthood in a population without diabetes.
Importance: Despite its relevance for pediatric blood pressure (BP) screening, the long-term predictive utility and natural progression of pediatric BP classification remain understudied.
Objective: To evaluate BP tracking from childhood to midadulthood using the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) thresholds and estimate transition probabilities among BP classifications over time considering multiple time points.
Design, Setting, And Participants: The analyses were performed in 2023 using data gathered from September 1980 to August 2018 within the longitudinal Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores how life transitions like relationship changes and parenthood affect daily movement behaviors in young adults, using data from 170 participants aged around 26 and 31 who wore accelerometers for a week.
- Findings indicate that, generally, light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity decreased in relation to sleep and sedentary time, with significant drops noted especially when individuals transitioned into partnerships or became new parents.
- The research highlights the need to consider these life changes when promoting physical activity, suggesting that individuals may require support to maintain their activity levels during such transitions.
Background And Objectives: Childhood risk factors are associated with cardiovascular events in adulthood. We compared the utility of a risk model based solely on nonlaboratory risk factors in adolescence versus a model that additionally included lipids to predict cardiovascular events in adulthood.
Methods: The study comprised 11 550 participants from 7 longitudinal cohort studies in the United States, Australia, and Finland with risk factor measurements in adolescence and followed into adulthood.
Background: Cognitive performance changes during the lifespan, but the information is gathered from studies on separate age cohorts. Computerized neurocognitive testing enables efficient and similar assessments for all ages. We investigated (i) the effect of age at different stages of life and (ii) intergenerational correlations across cognitive domains in the multigenerational Young Finns Study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study investigates how body mass index (BMI) during different life stages (childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood) affects the thickness of carotid arteries (cIMT) in adulthood.
- Using data from two large studies, researchers found that higher BMI levels over a lifetime are linked to increased cIMT in adults.
- The most significant impact on cIMT came from BMI during young adulthood for most participants, while for a specific group, childhood BMI was more influential, highlighting the importance of managing BMI at various life stages for cardiovascular health.
Background And Aims: Retinal microvasculature characteristics predict cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study investigated associations of lifelong cardiovascular risk factors and effects of dietary intervention on retinal microvasculature in young adulthood.
Methods: The cohort is derived from the longitudinal Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project study.
Importance: Recent evidence suggests that childhood levels of serum lipids, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and smoking contribute to adult risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Evidence is lacking on whether this is independent of adult risk levels.
Objective: To quantify direct and indirect effects of childhood risk factors on adult CVD via adulthood risk factors using mediation analysis, and to quantify their relative importance during different life-course stages using a life-course approach.
Background: Primary prevention is the cornerstone of cardiometabolic health. In the randomized, controlled Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP), dietary counseling intervention was given to children from infancy to 20 years of age and a follow-up was completed at age 26 years. We investigated the associations of age, sex, gut microbiome, and dietary intervention with the gut metabolite and the cardiac biomarker trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Sex, age, and education are associated with the level of cognitive performance. We investigated whether these factors modulate the change in cognitive performance in midlife by leveraging the longitudinal data from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (YFS).
Methods: Participants of the YFS cohort performed a computer-based Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) in 2011 and 2018 (n = 1671, age 41-56 years in 2018).
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is the cardiac visceral fat depot proposed to play a role in the etiology of various cardiovascular disease outcomes. Little is known about EAT determinants in a general population. We examined cardiometabolic, dietary, lifestyle and socioeconomic determinants of echocardiograpghically measured EAT in early adulthood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Studies have shown that cardiovascular health (CVH) is related to depression. We aimed to identify gene networks jointly associated with depressive symptoms and cardiovascular health metrics using the whole blood transcriptome.
Materials And Methods: We analyzed human blood transcriptomic data to identify gene co-expression networks, termed gene modules, shared by Beck's depression inventory (BDI-II) scores and cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics as markers of depression and cardiovascular health, respectively.
Association of Ideal Cardiovascular Health in Youth with Cancer Risk in Adulthood: A Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
July 2024
Background: Lifestyle factors may affect cancer risk. This study aimed to identify whether the American Heart Association ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) score and its individual variables in youth are associated with subsequent cancer incidence.
Methods: This study comprised participants of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study free of cancer at the analysis baseline in 1986 (n = 1,873).
Importance: Elevated non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C; a recommended measure of lipid-related cardiovascular risk) is common in children and increases risk of adult cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whether resolution of elevated childhood non-HDL-C levels by adulthood is associated with reduced risk of clinical CVD events is unknown.
Objective: To examine the associations of non-HDL-C status between childhood and adulthood with incident CVD events.
Background And Aims: Atherosclerosis is accompanied by pre-clinical vascular changes that can be detected using ultrasound imaging. We examined the value of such pre-clinical features in identifying young adults who are at risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).
Methods: A total of 2641 individuals free of ASCVD were examined at the mean age of 32 years (range 24-45 years) for carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid plaques, carotid artery elasticity, and brachial artery flow-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation (FMD).
Background And Aims: The utility of lipid screening in pediatric settings for preventing adult atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases partly depends on the lifelong tracking of lipid levels. This systematic review aimed to quantify the tracking of lipid levels from childhood and adolescence to adulthood.
Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar in March 2022.
Background: Dietary fiber is an important health-promoting component of the diet, which is fermented by the gut microbes that produce metabolites beneficial for the host's health.
Objectives: We studied the associations of habitual long-term fiber intake from infancy with gut microbiota composition in young adulthood by leveraging data from the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project, an infancy-onset 20-y dietary counseling study.
Methods: Fiber intake was assessed annually using food diaries from infancy ≤ age 20 y.
To investigate the association of number of siblings with preclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) markers in adulthood. The sample comprised 2776 participants (54 % female) from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study who had CVD risk factor data measured in childhood in 1980 (aged 3-18 years) and markers of preclinical CVD measured in adulthood. Echocardiography was performed in 2011, and carotid intima-media thickness, carotid distensibility, brachial flow-mediated dilatation, and arterial pulse wave velocity were measured in 2001 or 2007.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: To quantify the tracking of apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels from childhood and adolescence and compare the tracking of apoB with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, a systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was performed in October 2023 (PROSPERO protocol: CRD42022298663). Cohort studies that measured tracking of apoB from childhood/adolescence (< 19 years) with a minimum follow-up of 1 year, using tracking estimates such as correlation coefficients or tracking coefficients, were eligible. Pooled correlations were estimated using random-effects meta-analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) begins in early life, the extent to which blood pressure (BP) at different life stages contributes to CVD is unclear.
Objective: To determine the relative contribution of BP at different life stages across the early-life course from infancy to young adulthood with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT).
Design, Setting, And Participants: The analyses were performed in 2022 using data gathered from July 1989 through January 2018 within the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project, a randomized, infancy-onset cohort of 534 participants coupled with annual BP (from age 7 months to 20 years), biennial IMT measurements (from ages 13 to 19 years), who were followed up with again at age 26 years.