Solitary necrotic nodule of the liver: imaging features, differential diagnosis and management.

Solitary necrotic nodule of the liver (SNNL) is a rare and benign liver lesion often discovered incidentally. Despite its occurrence, the exact cause of SNNL remains unknown, with various theories proposing traumatic, infectious, degenerative or transformative origins. The variable imaging characteristics of SNNLs frequently lead to misdiagnosis as malignant tumors, prompting patients to undergo unnecessary and high-risk procedures such as biopsies and surgeries.

Radiomic features of primary retroperitoneal sarcomas: a prognostic study.

Background: Risk-stratification of patients with retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS) relies on validated nomograms, such as Sarculator. This retrospective study investigated whether radiomic features extracted from computed tomography (CT) imaging could i) enhance the performance of Sarculator and ii) identify G3 dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) or leiomyosarcoma (LMS), which are currently consider in a randomized clinical trial testing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods: Patients with primary localized RPS treated with curative-intent surgery (2011-2015) and available pre-operative CT imaging were included.

Prediction of non-resectability in tubo-ovarian cancer patients using Peritoneal Cancer Index - A prospective multicentric study using imaging (ISAAC study).

Background: The aim was to evaluate the performance of the Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) using imaging (ultrasound, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), and whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (WB-DWI/MRI) in assessing peritoneal carcinomatosis and predicting non-resectability in tubo-ovarian carcinoma patients.

Methods: This was a prospective multicenter observational study. We considered all patients with suspected primary ovarian/tubal/peritoneal cancer who underwent preoperative ultrasound, CT, and WB-DWI/MRI (if available).

Prediction of nonresectability using the updated Predictive Index value model assessed by imaging and surgery in tubo-ovarian cancer: a prospective multicenter ISAAC study.

Background: A laparoscopy-based scoring system was developed by Fagotti et al (Fagotti or Predictive Index value (PIV)score) based on the intraoperative presence or absence of carcinomatosis on predefined sites. Later, the authors updated the PIV score calculated only in the absence of one or both absolute criteria of nonresectability (mesenteric retraction and miliary carcinomatosis of the small bowel) (updated PIV model).

Objective: The aim was to demonstrate the noninferiority of ultrasound to other imaging methods (contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) and whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (WB-DWI)/MRI) in predicting nonresectable tumor (defined as residual disease >1 cm) using the updated PIV model in patients with tubo-ovarian cancer.

Efficacy and safety of ramucirumab plus carboplatin and paclitaxel in untreated metastatic thymic carcinoma: RELEVENT phase II trial (NCT03921671).

Background: Thymic carcinoma (TC) is a rare tumor with aggressive behavior. Chemotherapy with carboplatin plus paclitaxel represents the treatment of choice for advanced disease. Antiangiogenic drugs, including ramucirumab, have shown activity in previously treated patients.

Outcomes of chemotherapy/chemoradiation vs. R2 surgical debulking vs. palliative care in nonresectable locally recurrent rectal cancer.

Locally recurrent rectal cancer is resected with clear margins in only 50% of cases, and these patients achieve a three-year survival rate of 50%. Outcomes and therapeutic strategies for nonresectable locally recurrent rectal cancer have been much less explored. The aim of the study was to assess the three-year progression-free survival and the three-year overall survival in locally recurrent rectal cancer patients treated by chemotherapy/chemoradiation only vs.

Patient satisfaction with ultrasound, whole-body CT and whole-body diffusion-weighted MRI for pre-operative ovarian cancer staging: a multicenter prospective cross-sectional survey.

Background: In addition to the diagnostic accuracy of imaging methods, patient-reported satisfaction with imaging methods is important.

Objective: To report a secondary outcome of the prospective international multicenter Imaging Study in Advanced ovArian Cancer (ISAAC Study), detailing patients' experience with abdomino-pelvic ultrasound, whole-body contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), and whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (WB-DWI/MRI) for pre-operative ovarian cancer work-up.

Methods: In total, 144 patients with suspected ovarian cancer at four institutions in two countries (Italy, Czech Republic) underwent ultrasound, CT, and WB-DWI/MRI for pre-operative work-up between January 2020 and November 2022.

Long-term disease stability with bicalutamide in a man with aggressive angiomyxoma: case report and state of art.

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AA) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm, which is commonly diagnosed in females and located in the perineal and pelvic region. Tissue specimens of AA patients often show positivity for estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PgR), while some cases of androgen receptor (AR) positivity have been reported in males. When feasible, surgical excision represent the most effective treatment of AA; however, when experiencing advanced or recurrent disease, local disease control could be achieved with systemic hormonal treatment.

APOLLO 11 Project, Consortium in Advanced Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Innovative Therapies: Integration of Real-World Data and Translational Research.

Introduction: Despite several therapeutic efforts, lung cancer remains a highly lethal disease. Novel therapeutic approaches encompass immune-checkpoint inhibitors, targeted therapeutics and antibody-drug conjugates, with different results. Several studies have been aimed at identifying biomarkers able to predict benefit from these therapies and create a prediction model of response, despite this there is a lack of information to help clinicians in the choice of therapy for lung cancer patients with advanced disease.

Long-term outcomes of lung cancer screening in males and females.

Background: This study explored female and male overall mortality and lung cancer (LC) survival in two LC screening (LCS) populations, focusing on the predictive value of coronary artery calcification (CAC) at baseline low-dose computed tomography (LDCT).

Methods: This retrospective study analysed data of 6495 heavy smokers enrolled in the MILD and BioMILD LCS trials between 2005 and 2016. The primary objective of the study was to assess sex differences in all-cause mortality and LC survival.

Delayed Gastric Emptying After Multivisceral Resection for Retroperitoneal Sarcoma.

Introduction: Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) is a common complication in surgery, but incidence and relevance following multivisceral resection are unknown.

Methods: Data from 100 consecutive patients treated for primary retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) were analyzed from our institutional prospectively maintained database from January 2019 to April 2020. DGE severity was graded according to the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery and classified as primary or secondary to other complications.

Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT) of the spleen: A case report on CT and MRI.

Solid tumors of the spleen are rare, with an incidence of 0.007% in all operating and autopsy specimens. In terms of microscopic structure and function, the spleen consists of two parts: the white pulp, which plays an important role in the immune system and the red pulp, which filters the blood.

Metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes: quantification and different distribution of iodine uptake assessed by dual-energy CT.

Objectives: To evaluate quantification of iodine uptake in metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) by dual-energy CT (DECT) and to assess if the distribution of iodine within LNs at DECT correlates with the pathological structure.

Methods: Ninety LNs from 37 patients (23 with lung and 14 with gynaecological malignancies) were retrospectively selected. Information of LNs sent for statistical analysis included Hounsfield units (HU) at different energy levels; decomposition material densities fat-iodine, iodine-fat, iodine-water, water-iodine.

Obstetric outcome associated with trial of labor in women with three prior cesarean delivery and at least one prior vaginal birth in an area with a particularly high rate of cesarean delivery.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) in women with three prior cesarean delivery (CD) and at least one prior vaginal delivery.

Methods: This is a retrospective study using data collected from clinical records of women three prior CD and at least one prior vaginal delivery who were referred to our unit. Maternal and perinatal outcomes were compared between women with three prior CD who underwent TOLAC and those who underwent planned repeated CD (i.

Successful use of rFVIIa for major breast surgery prophylaxis in congenital factor VII deficiency: a case report.

Introduction: Factor VII deficiency is a rare cause of haemorrhagic syndrome. The Authors describe a case of a 46 years old patient with congenital factor VII deficiency that successfully underwent breast surgery after treatment with Novoseven® before the procedure.

Materials And Methods: The AA used the schedule reported below to value the levels of PT and aPTT in the patient.

Successful use of rFVIIa for major breast surgery prophylaxis in congenital factor VII deficiency.

Introduction: Factor VII deficiency is a rare cause of haemorrhagic syndrome. The Authors describe a case of a 46 years old patient with congenital factor VII deficiency that successfully underwent breast surgery after treatment with Novoseven® before the procedure.

Materials And Methods: The AA used the schedule reported below to value the levels of PT and aPTT in the patient.

Cat scratch disease presenting as breast cancer: a report of an unusual case.

Benign lymphoreticulosis (cat scratch disease, CSD) may have a clinical course that varies from the most common lymphadenitis localized in the site of inoculation, preceded by the typical "primary lesion," to a context of severe systemic involvement. Among these uncommon clinical aspects, there is mammarian granulomatous lymphadenitis which may appear as a mastitis or a solitary intraparenchymal mass, giving the impression of a breast tumor. In these cases, intensive clinical, instrumental, and laboratory investigations are necessary to exclude malignancy.

Concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) in postmortem human tissues: effect of environmental CO exposure.

We studied how carbon monoxide (CO) is distributed within the human body through quantitation of CO concentrations in postmortem tissue samples from fatalities including possible CO exposure. Stored, frozen tissues were diced, sonicated in water, and 0.01-8.

Lung tissue concentrations of nicotine in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

Objective: To compare lung concentrations of nicotine and cotinine in cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and controls.

Design/methods: We measured lung tissue concentrations of nicotine and cotinine in SIDS (n = 44) and non-SIDS cases (n = 29) stratified according to household smoking status.

Results: When all the SIDS and non-SIDS cases were compared regardless of smoking status, there was a significantly higher nicotine concentration in the SIDS cases than in the non-SIDS cases, (P =.

Affinity purification and partial characterization of the zonulin/zonula occludens toxin (Zot) receptor from human brain.

The intercellular tight junctions (TJs) of endothelial cells represent the limiting structure for the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Although the BBB has been recognized as being the interface between the bloodstream and the brain, little is known about its regulation. Zonulin and its prokaryotic analogue, zonula occludens toxin (Zot) elaborated by Vibrio cholerae, both modulate intercellular TJs by binding to a specific surface receptor with subsequent activation of an intracellular signaling pathway involving phospholipase C and protein kinase C activation and actin polymerization.

[Leiomyosarcoma of the mesenteric root. A case report].

Although smooth muscle tumors are the most common mesentery neoplasms, they are lesions of infrequent occurrence. The main clinical features of these malignancies are an insidious onset and an aspecific symptomatology, usually presenting themselves as quite large masses. The preoperative diagnosis is difficult, but selective angiography and CT scan may be of great value for this purpose.

Vulvo-vaginitis and reproduction.

The main micro-organisms able to interfere with the reproductive function have been considered. In particular, the problems concerning the vaginal environment and its interactions with spermatozoa, immunological aspects and contraception. Lastly, reference has been made to methods of prevention and study in the field of diagnostics and of clinical management.

[The efficacy of the hysteroscopic treatment of menorrhagia associated with uterine fibromyomas].

Objective of our study was to determine the effectiveness of hysteroscopic surgery in the treatment of menorrhagia associated with uterine myomas. 25 women with clinical and ultrasonographic diagnosis of intramural or submucous myomas were treated for menorrhagia by hysteroscopic surgery: 9 by resection and 16 by resection and endometrial ablation. In both groups there was a significant decrease of dysmenorrhea.