The Role of microRNA-22 in Metabolism.

microRNA-22 (miR-22) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of metabolic processes and has emerged as a therapeutic target in metabolic disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic-associated liver diseases. While miR-22 exhibits context-dependent effects, promoting or inhibiting metabolic pathways depending on tissue and condition, current research highlights its therapeutic potential, particularly through inhibition strategies using chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides. This review examines the dual regulatory functions of miR-22 across key metabolic pathways, offering perspectives on its integration into next-generation diagnostic and therapeutic approaches while acknowledging the complexities of its roles in metabolic homeostasis.

Particle-related exposure, dose and lung cancer risk of primary school children in two European countries.

Schools represent a critical microenvironment in terms of air quality due to the proximity to outdoor particle sources and the frequent lack of proper ventilation and filtering systems. Moreover, the population exposed in schools (i.e.

Influential parameters on particle concentration and size distribution in the mainstream of e-cigarettes.

Electronic cigarette-generated mainstream aerosols were characterized in terms of particle number concentrations and size distributions through a Condensation Particle Counter and a Fast Mobility Particle Sizer spectrometer, respectively. A thermodilution system was also used to properly sample and dilute the mainstream aerosol. Different types of electronic cigarettes, liquid flavors, liquid nicotine contents, as well as different puffing times were tested.

Low-level laser therapy, at 830 nm, for pain reduction in experimental model of rats with sciatica.

Chronic pain, resulting from nerve compression, is a common clinical presentation. One means of conservative treatment is low-level laser therapy, although controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two doses of low-level laser, at 830 nm, on pain reduction in animals subjected to sciatica.

Comparison of endoscopy, histology, and cytokine mRNA of the equine gastric mucosa.

In recent years, gastric ulceration has been recognized as a common, possibly performance-limiting disease, of adult horses. The aim of this study was to compare endoscopic features, histological diagnosis, and mRNA levels of various cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-13) from horse gastric biopsies. Eleven horses suffering from equine gastric ulcer syndrome and seven horses with normal histological gastric features were assessed.

Occupational exposures as triggers of asthma.

The prevalence of occupational asthma is rising, possibly due to the introduction of different chemicals and substances in the workplace. Etiologic agents include organic and inorganic compounds that are encountered in a variety of industries. Early diagnosis, adequate management of inflammation, and prevention of further exposure are essential to occupational asthma management.

Development of a polymerase chain reaction and restriction typing assay for the diagnosis of bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine herpesvirus 2, and bovine herpesvirus 4 infections.

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method coupled with a restriction analysis of PCR products (PCR with restriction fragment length polymorphism) was developed for the simultaneous detection of bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine herpesvirus 2, and bovine herpesvirus 4 infections. The specificity, sensitivity, and practical diagnostic applicability of this method were evaluated. This assay may be also adapted to the diagnosis of suid herpesvirus 1 and equine herpesviruses 1 and 3 and could become a powerful diagnostic tool.

Small-subunit rDNA sequencing of the Italian bovine Neospora caninum isolate (NC-PV1 strain).

The small-subunit (SSU) rDNA of the Neospora sp. NC-PV1 strain isolated in Italy from cattle has been sequenced and compared to the other five N. caninum strains SSU rDNA sequences deposited in the data bases.

Reovirus infection in two species of Psittaciformes recently imported into Italy.

An outbreak of reovirus infection with high mortality in two groups of recently imported psittacine birds is reported. The disease in the two species involved, African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus erithacus) and Australian king parrots (Alisterus scapularis), had differences in clinical presentation and gross lesions. Reovirus particles were observed by electron microscopy and ultrastructural examination of tissues, and two viruses were isolated in cell culture, one from each bird species.

Hyperhomocysteinemia confers an independent increased risk of atherosclerosis in end-stage renal disease and is closely linked to plasma folate and pyridoxine concentrations.

Background: A high level of total plasma homocysteine is a risk factor for atherosclerosis, which is an important cause of death in renal failure. We evaluated the role of this as a risk factor for vascular complications of end-stage renal disease.

Methods And Results: Total fasting plasma homocysteine and other risk factors were documented in 176 dialysis patients (97 men, 79 women; mean age, 56.

Familial occurrence of isolated accessory tragi.

Three sibs were affected by numerous accessory tragi. On clinical examination, no other associated developmental defects, such as the Goldenhar syndrome, were detected.

Effects of porcine calcitonin on human platelet fuction.

The effects of different doses of porcine calcitonin (pCT) were tested in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, pCT at a concentration ranging from 0.1 to 5 M.

Basal plasma levels of calcitonin and bone mineral mass in normal and uremic women. Effect of menopause.

Basal plasma levels of immunoreactive calcitonin (iCT), forearm bone mineral content (BMC) as measured by 125I photon absorptiometry and 24-hour urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (OHPr/Cr) were determined in 32 healthy women (13 pre-menopausal, aged 40 to 54 years, and 19 post-menopausal, aged 41 to 54 years). The basal plasma levels of iCT were significantly higher in the pre-menopausal group (mean value 96 vs 54 pg/ml, P less than 0.025).

Calcium metabolism in multiple myeloma.

45Calcium metabolism and circulating levels of iPTH (N-terminal fragment) and iCT were investigated in normocalcemic patients with multiple myeloma (12) in an attempt to ascertain early changes in calcium metabolism, which may occur before hypercalcemia develops. The same parameters were also investigated in patients with senile osteoporosis (11), corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis (6), Paget's disease (6) and controls without bone disorders (13). In the myeloma group, the exchangeable calcium pool (7,678 +/- 321 mg) was significantly higher (P less than 0.

Comparative blood level of dihydroergotoxine (DHET) after administration of two oral forms (solution & tablet): a preliminary study.

In this preliminary study, using a radioimmunoassay, we demonstrate that the DHET blood levels observed after administration of an oral solution to human subjects, were different from those obtained after administration of a slow-release table. After administration of the oral solution, the DHET blood levels rose quickly, reached a peak between 1 and 2 hours and the decrease rapidly. On the contrary, after ingestion of a slow-release tablet of DHET, the plasma levels took 6 hours to reach the maximum due to the slow release of the drug from this dosage form.

Plasma immunoreactive N-terminal parathyroid hormone and cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP urinary levels in man after I. M. administration of two different doses of porcine calcitonin.

The effects of acute porcine calcitonin (pCT) administration were studied in 11 healthy volunteers with no metabolic disease. Each subject was given, intramuscularly, 1 MRC unit of pCT in glycine vehicle, 160 units of pCT in gelatine vehicle, and placebo, according to a crossover design. The following parameters were studied: blood calcium, phosphorus and immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH); urine calcium, phosphorus, cyclic AMP and GMP.

Adriamycin cardiotoxicity: a survey of 1273 patients.

Valuable information was collected on the medical history and clinical course of 1273 patients entered in clinical trials with Adriamycin (ADR) carried out in 12 European cancer centers. A coded patient form was used for the data collection carried out in each center by a qualified physician following a guideline which was discussed and accepted by all of the participants. The aim of the study was to define the incidence, characteristics, and possible co-factors of the cardiomyopathy (CMP) in patients treated with combination chemotherapy regimens including ADR.