Natural course of non-center-involving diabetic macular edema progression in patients under initial observation.

Purpose: We aim to report the natural course of non-center involving diabetic macular edema (NCIDME) progression to center involving diabetic macular edema (CIDME) and associated risk factors.

Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective comparative study. Data was collected from electronic medical records from 8 centers in India covering.

Late postoperative vitreous cavity hemorrhage after vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy-observation versus intervention.

Purpose: To analyze the outcome of intervention versus observation for vitreous cavity hemorrhage occurring after a 2-month period of blood-free cavity (late postoperative vitreous cavity hemorrhage-POVCH) in eyes operated by vitrectomy for complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: This study was a 10-year retrospective, observational, multi-center study involving eight major vitreoretinal surgical centers across India from January 2010 to December 2019. The primary objective of the study was to assess the visual and clinical outcomes of various management approaches for late POVCH.

Association Between Blood Groups and COVID-19 CT Severity: A Retrospective Analysis From a Tertiary Care Center.

Introduction: The COVID-19 infection can have varied severity; presenting symptoms include fever, coughing, headaches, sore throats, exhaustion, muscle aches, loss of taste or smell, rhinorrhea, stomach pain, diarrhea, and vomiting. In various parts of the world, including India, researchers have looked into the relationship between blood type and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 infection severity and blood group.

Correlating the patterns of diabetic macular edema, optical coherence tomography biomarkers and grade of diabetic retinopathy with stage of renal disease.

Purpose: To correlate optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based morphological patterns of diabetic macular edema (DME), biomarkers and grade of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with various stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) secondary to diabetes.

Design: Multicentric retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at seven centers across India.

Methods: Data from medical records of patients with DME and CKD were entered in a common excel sheet across all seven centers.

A rare case of disseminated superficial porokeratosis-Case report.

Porokeratosis is a keratinization disorder characterized by hyperkeratotic sharply demarcated plaques with central atrophy and histopathologically, by cornoid lamella. A 30-year-old male presented with multiple pruritic dark raised skin lesions over the trunk, face, and upper limbs for past 3 years. Cutaneous examination revealed hyperkeratotic annular plaques with raised margins over face, trunk, and arms.

Severity of diabetic retinopathy and its relationship with age at onset of diabetes mellitus in India: A multicentric study.

Purpose: To present clinical profile and risk factors of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) among people with age of onset of diabetes (AOD) <25 versus ≥25 years.

Methods: A retrospective chart analysis of consecutive patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) n = 654) treated at 14 eye care centers across India between 2018 and 2019 was performed. Patients were divided into two groups, Group 1: AOD <25 years and Group 2: AOD ≥25 years.

Identification of risk factors for targeted diabetic retinopathy screening to urgently decrease the rate of blindness in people with diabetes in India.

Purpose: There is an exponential rise in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in India. Ideally all people with DM should be periodically screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR) but is not practical with current infrastructure. An alternate strategy is to identify high-risk individuals with vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) for priority screening and treatment.

Impact of treatment of diabetic macular edema on visual impairment in people with diabetes mellitus in India.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to report visual and anatomical outcomes following treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) in clinical practice in India.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients with DME who were initiated on treatment and followed up for at least 1 year at 9 tertiary eye care centers during 2016-2017 was performed. Data on demographics, systemic illnesses, visual acuity and anatomical characteristics of DME, treatment history were collated and analyzed for change in visual acuity level and central macular thickness at 1 year.

Subthreshold Micro-Pulse Yellow Laser and Eplerenone Drug Therapy in Chronic Central Serous Chorio-Retinopathy Patients: A Comparative Study.

Purpose: To study the outcomes of subthreshold micropulse yellow laser (SML) and eplerenone (EP) therapy in central serous chorio-retinopathy (cCSCR).

Methods: Retrospective study of 28 eyes of 27 patients undergoing SML and 20 eyes of 19 patients undergoing EP therapy.

Results: Median duration of follow-up was 8 months for SML and 4.

Localized Serous Retinal Detachment of Macula as a Marker of Malignant Hypertension.

The association between serous retinal detachment of macula (SRD) in hypertensive retinopathy (HTR) and malignant hypertension has been reported. This cross-sectional study included 14 consecutive patients on treatment for hypertension, who were referred for ophthalmic evaluation and were found to have macular SRD, documented by optical coherence tomography. All underwent systemic evaluation for hypertensive status and to rule out other associated/similar diseases such as diabetes, coagulopathies, lupus etc.

Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy: a population-based assessment from Theni District, south India.

Aims: To estimate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the possible risk factors associated with DR, in a population of south India.

Methods: A cross-sectional sample of subjects aged 30 years and older was selected using a cluster sampling technique from Theni district of Tamilnadu state. Eligible subjects were identified through a door-to-door survey and fasting blood glucose estimation.

Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy: a population-based assessment from Theni District, south India.

Aims: To estimate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the possible risk factors associated with DR, in a population of south India.

Methods: A cross-sectional sample of subjects aged 30 years and older was selected using a cluster sampling technique from Theni district of Tamilnadu state. Eligible subjects were identified through a door-to-door survey and fasting blood glucose estimation.

Transpupillary thermotherapy for subfoveal leaks in central serous chorioretinopathy.

Aim: To evaluate transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) for the treatment of subfoveal focal leaks in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: The patients presenting with long-standing CSC, but without the features of chronicity, were offered the options of TTT, photodynamic therapy (for subfoveal leaks), photocoagulation (for extrafoveal leaks), or observation. The patients who opted for TTT or observation were enrolled in this study.