The hologenome of Daphnia magna reveals possible DNA methylation and microbiome-mediated evolution of the host genome.

Properties that make organisms ideal laboratory models in developmental and medical research are often the ones that also make them less representative of wild relatives. The waterflea Daphnia magna is an exception, by both sharing many properties with established laboratory models and being a keystone species, a sentinel species for assessing water quality, an indicator of environmental change and an established ecotoxicology model. Yet, Daphnia's full potential has not been fully exploited because of the challenges associated with assembling and annotating its gene-rich genome.

Decellularized bladder as scaffold to support proliferation and functionality of insulin-secreting pancreatic cells.

Loss in the number or function of insulin-producing β-cells in pancreatic islets has been associated with diabetes mellitus. Although islet transplantation can be an alternative treatment, complications such as apoptosis, ischaemia and loss of viability have been reported. The use of decellularized organs as scaffolds in tissue engineering is of interest owing to the unique ultrastructure and composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) believed to act on tissue regeneration.

Composition, host responses and clinical applications of bioadhesives.

Bioadhesives are medical devices used to join or seal tissues that have been injured or incised. They have been classified into tissue adhesives, sealants, and hemostatic agents. Bioadhesives such as FloSeal®, CoSeal®, BioGlue®, Evicel®, Tisseel®, Progel™ PALS, and TissuGlu® have been commercialized and used in clinical setting.

Pathogen resistance in Sphagneticola trilobata (Singapore daisy): molecular associations and differentially expressed genes in response to disease from a widespread fungus.

Understanding the molecular associations underlying pathogen resistance in invasive plant species is likely to provide useful insights into the effective control of alien plants, thereby facilitating the conservation of native biodiversity. In the current study, we investigated pathogen resistance in an invasive clonal plant, Sphagneticola trilobata, at the molecular level. Sphagneticola trilobata (i.

Overview of approval procedures for bioadhesives in the United States of America and Canada.

Bioadhesives are useful medical devices to help reduce postoperative complications and as adjuncts to sutures and staples in sealing wounds. Biomedical companies have been promoting research and development into new bioadhesives. As for other medical devices, translating promising candidates to market involves the need to pass through several regulatory steps, wherein their safety and effectiveness are evaluated and the proper reimbursements from payors are assessed.

Refining the evolutionary time machine: An assessment of whole genome amplification using single historical Daphnia eggs.

Whole genome sequencing is instrumental for the study of genome variation in natural populations, delivering important knowledge on genomic modifications and potential targets of natural selection at the population level. Large dormant eggbanks of aquatic invertebrates such as the keystone herbivore Daphnia, a microcrustacean widespread in freshwater ecosystems, provide detailed sedimentary archives to study genomic processes over centuries. To overcome the problem of limited DNA amounts in single Daphnia dormant eggs, we developed an optimized workflow for whole genome amplification (WGA), yielding sufficient amounts of DNA for downstream whole genome sequencing of individual historical eggs, including polyploid lineages.

MiR1885 Regulates Disease Tolerance Genes in during Early Infection with .

Clubroot caused by is a severe disease of cruciferous crops that decreases crop quality and productivity. Several clubroot resistance-related quantitative trait loci and candidate genes have been identified. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism, the interrelationships among genes, and how genes are regulated remain unexplored.

Protocol for assay of transposase accessible chromatin sequencing in non-model species.

The assay for transposase accessible chromatin (ATAC-seq) is a method for mapping genome-wide chromatin accessibility. Coupled with high-throughput sequencing, it enables integrative epigenomics analyses. ATAC-seq requires direct access to cell nuclei, a major challenge in non-model species such as small invertebrates, whose soft tissue is surrounded by a protective exoskeleton.

Roundup causes embryonic development failure and alters metabolic pathways and gut microbiota functionality in non-target species.

Background: Research around the weedkiller Roundup is among the most contentious of the twenty-first century. Scientists have provided inconclusive evidence that the weedkiller causes cancer and other life-threatening diseases, while industry-paid research reports that the weedkiller has no adverse effect on humans or animals. Much of the controversial evidence on Roundup is rooted in the approach used to determine safe use of chemicals, defined by outdated toxicity tests.

Gene Expression Profiling Reveals Enhanced Defense Responses in an Invasive Weed Compared to Its Native Congener During Pathogenesis.

Invasive plants are a huge burden on the environment, and modify local ecosystems by affecting the indigenous biodiversity. Invasive plants are generally less affected by pathogens, although the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for their enhanced resistance are unknown. We investigated expression profiles of three defense hormones (salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene) and their associated genes in the invasive weed, , and its native congener, .

Transgenerational response to early spring warming in Daphnia.

Temperature and photoperiod regulate key fitness traits in plants and animals. However, with temperature increase due to global warming, temperature cue thresholds are experienced at shorter photoperiods, disrupting the optimal seasonal timing of physiological, developmental and reproductive events in many species. Understanding the mechanisms of adaptation to the asynchrony between temperature and photoperiod is key to inform our understanding of how species will respond to global warming.

Differential gene expression profiling through transcriptome approach of L. under low temperature stress reveals genes potentially involved in cold acclimation.

Sugarcane ( sp.) is predominantly grown in both tropics and subtropics in India, and the subtropics alone contribute more than half of sugarcane production. Sugarcane active growth period in subtropics is restricted to 8-9 months mainly due to winter's low temperature stress prevailing during November to February every year.

Integrated analysis of leaf morphological and color traits in different populations of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis).

QTLs and candidate gene markers associated with leaf morphological and color traits were identified in two immortalized populations of Brassica rapa, which will provide genetic information for marker-assisted breeding. Brassica rapa is an important leafy vegetable consumed worldwide and morphology is a key character for its breeding. To enhance genetic control, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for leaf color and plant architecture were identified using two immortalized populations with replications of 2 and 4 years.

Quantitative Trait Loci for Morphological Traits and their Association with Functional Genes in Raphanus sativus.

Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) governing morphologically important traits enables to comprehend their potential genetic mechanisms in the genetic breeding program. In this study, we used 210 F2 populations derived from a cross between two radish inbred lines (Raphanus sativus) "835" and "B2," including 258 SSR markers were used to detect QTLs for 11 morphological traits that related to whole plant, leaf, and root yield in 3 years of replicated field test. Total 55 QTLs were detected which were distributed on each linkage group of the Raphanus genome.

The Plasmodiophora brassicae genome reveals insights in its life cycle and ancestry of chitin synthases.

Plasmodiophora brassicae causes clubroot, a major disease of Brassica oil and vegetable crops worldwide. P. brassicae is a Plasmodiophorid, obligate biotrophic protist in the eukaryotic kingdom of Rhizaria.

Quantitative trait loci mapping in Brassica rapa revealed the structural and functional conservation of genetic loci governing morphological and yield component traits in the A, B, and C subgenomes of Brassica species.

Brassica rapa is an important crop species that produces vegetables, oilseed, and fodder. Although many studies reported quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, the genes governing most of its economically important traits are still unknown. In this study, we report QTL mapping for morphological and yield component traits in B.

Identification of the BrRHP1 locus that confers resistance to downy mildew in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) and development of linked molecular markers.

Inheritance of resistance to downy mildew (Hyaloperonospora parasitica) in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) was studied using inbred parental lines RS1 and SS1 that display strong resistance and severe susceptibility, respectively. F(1), F(2), and BC(1)F(1) populations were evaluated for their responses to downy mildew infection.

Genic microsatellite markers in Brassica rapa: development, characterization, mapping, and their utility in other cultivated and wild Brassica relatives.

Genic microsatellite markers, also known as functional markers, are preferred over anonymous markers as they reveal the variation in transcribed genes among individuals. In this study, we developed a total of 707 expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeat markers (EST-SSRs) and used for development of a high-density integrated map using four individual mapping populations of B. rapa.

Identification of potential microRNAs and their targets in Brassica rapa L.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recently discovered, noncoding, small regulatory RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression. Although many miRNAs are identified and validated in many plant species, they remain largely unknown in Brassica rapa (AA 2n =, 20). B.

ExSer: A standalone tool to mine protein data bank (PDB) for secondary structural elements.

Unlabelled: Detailed structural analysis of protein necessitates investigation at primary, secondary and tertiary levels, respectively. Insight into protein secondary structures pave way for understanding the type of secondary structural elements involved (α-helices, β-strands etc.), the amino acid sequence that encode the secondary structural elements, number of residues, length and, percentage composition of the respective elements in the protein.

TNAURice: Database on rice varieties released from Tamil Nadu Agricultural University.

WE DEVELOPED, TNAURICE: a database comprising of the rice varieties released from a public institution, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore, India. Backed by MS-SQL, and ASP-Net at the front end, this database provide information on both quantitative and qualitative descriptors of the rice varities inclusive of their parental details. Enabled by an user friendly search utility, the database can be effectively searched by the varietal descriptors, and the entire contents are navigable as well.