Transition toward circular economy in the agrifood seedling phase: A Life Cycle Assessment on tomato trays.

National and international guidelines call for greater environmental sustainability in agriculture through the introduction of the circular economy. Recent studies investigate the introduction of new technologies and methodologies in the field, however, few focus on initial stages at the plant nursery or the management of the involved materials, and none scientifically calculate their environmental impact. To fill this gap, this paper focuses on an Italian case study that quantifies the environmental impact of the traditional seed trays used worldwide for growing, transporting and transplanting tomato seedlings, proposing and evaluating two alternatives from a circular economy perspective.

Life cycle assessment of food catering menus in a university canteen located in Southern Italy.

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is acknowledged to be suited for the assessment of the energy-environmental burdens of foods, which are estimated to be overall one of the main impact sources worldwide. A right nutrition is even more fundamental for the healthy growing of the population, which has now, however, to consider ever more the aspect connected to its environmental impact. Under this perspective, this study aims at exploring the environmental burdens associated with a local university canteen for students through the application of LCA to a set of meal combination scenarios offered weekly to consumers.

Mass spectrometry-based proteomic strategy for ecchymotic skin examination in forensic pathology.

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has recently attracted the attention from forensic pathologists. This work is the first report of the development of a shotgun bottom-up proteomic approach based on rapid protein extraction and nano-liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry applied to full-thickness human skin for the differential analysis of normal and ecchymotic tissues to identify new biomarkers for bruise characterization and dating. We identified around 2000 proteins from each pooled extract.

Assessing wound vitality in decomposed bodies: a review of the literature.

The capability of discriminating between a vital and a post-mortem injury has always been a central theme in forensic pathology, particularly when the corpse is an advanced state of decomposition. Post-mortem decay of the body can mask or disrupt the classical features of a skin lesion, making it difficult to establish the cause and manner of death. Taphonomically challenging situations pose several interpretative issues of skin lesions which need to be addressed with scientifically recent methods that are still limited in the forensic literature.

Intra-familiar homicides: From 2006 to 2021 in the judicial district of Milan.

Introduction: The present research aims at analyzing criminological and medico-legal characteristics of intra-familiar homicides occurred in two major Italian cities (Milano and Monza) from the beginning of 2006 to the end of 2021.

Methods: Cases were identified using the Institutional database of the Institute of Legal Medicine of Milan, where all the autopsies of victims were performed. Data about these cases were obtained from autopsies findings, preliminary investigation reports, local papers and victim relatives' interviews.

Integration of Digital Twin, Machine-Learning and Industry 4.0 Tools for Anomaly Detection: An Application to a Food Plant.

This work describes a structured solution that integrates digital twin models, machine-learning algorithms, and Industry 4.0 technologies (Internet of Things in particular) with the ultimate aim of detecting the presence of anomalies in the functioning of industrial systems. The proposed solution has been designed to be suitable for implementation in industrial plants not directly designed for Industry 4.

A retrospective study on femicides assessed at the Institute of Legal Medicine of Milan. Are older women at risk?

The purpose of the present research is to analyze temporal tend, victim's and perpetrator's specific features and the role of risk factors of femicides assessed at the Institute of Legal Medicine of Milan (in the North of Italy) from 2006 to 2020. The classical definition of femicide (the killing of a woman because of her gender) was used, in order to exclude murders of a woman because of economic issues, neighborhood quarrels, vengeance for previous discussions and other motives. Data were obtained from autopsies findings, local papers and victim relatives' interviews.

Sexual assault and abuse committed against family members: An analysis of 1342 legal outcomes and their motivations.

Background: Over the past years medical centres specifically addressed in gender-based violence have developed protocols for the collections of evidence useful in the courtroom, including accurate documentation of physical and psychological states of the victim and collection of samples. Previous studies showed an association between documented physical trauma and conviction but unfortunately, few studies in the recent literature analysed the factors that influence the legal outcome and final judgement. The present study focused on the elements that appeared of significance in the legal outcome, including medico-legal evaluation, source of the crime report and circumstance of the assault.

Guidelines on reporting treatment conditions for emerging technologies in food processing.

In the last decades, different non-thermal and thermal technologies have been developed for food processing. However, in many cases, it is not clear which experimental parameters must be reported to guarantee the experiments' reproducibility and provide the food industry a straightforward way to scale-up these technologies. Since reproducibility is one of the most important science features, the current work aims to improve the reproducibility of studies on emerging technologies for food processing by providing guidelines on reporting treatment conditions of thermal and non-thermal technologies.

Environmental benefits of pet food obtained as a result of the valorisation of meat fraction derived from packaged food waste.

The 2030 Agenda of the United Nations includes the objective of setting up sustainable production patterns by pursuing several Sustainable Development Goals. Among them, the "Responsible production and consumption" is a key topic in the food production and is strictly connected with the "Climate action"; the crucial point, however, is how to jointly act on all these aspects and apply them in practice. The waste yearly produced in the food chain represent both an ethical, economic and environmental issue.

Male victims of sexual abuse and domestic violence: A steadily increasing phenomenon.

Violence perpetrated on male victims is a phenomenon that is currently underestimated by both national and international scientific communities, since males are historically (and stereotypically) considered the perpetrators rather than the victims of violence. As a consequence, the available literature lacks data which would allow a better understanding of this issue and its presenting features. We undertook a retrospective analysis of 231 medical files of male victims of violence over a five-year-period (2014-2018) at the Soccorso Violenza Sessuale e Domestica Centre in Milan, Italy.

Drugs in bone: Detectability of substances of toxicological interest in different states of preservation.

In forensic contexts of advanced decomposition, when conventional matrices are no longer available for toxicological analyses, finding alternative matrices is necessary. The skeleton, which is fundamental for anthropologists and geneticists, could be useful also for toxicological purposes. The present study aims to examine what kind of information toxicological analysis performed on bones (the cranium and the ribs) in different states of preservation could provide to the forensic practitioner.

Sustainability of food waste biorefinery: A review on valorisation pathways, techno-economic constraints, and environmental assessment.

The need to increase circularity of industrial systems to address limited resources availability and climate change has triggered the development of the food waste biorefinery concept. However, for the development of future sustainable industrial processes focused on the valorisation of food waste, critical aspects such as (i) the technical feasibility of the processes at industrial scale, (ii) the analysis of their techno-economic potential, including available quantities of waste, and (iii) a life cycle-based environmental assessment of benefits and burdens need to be considered. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of food waste valorisation pathways and to analyse to which extent these aspects have been considered in the literature.

Alleged malpractice in orthopaedics. Analysis of a series of medmal insurance claims.

Background: Medical malpractice is an important topic worldwide, and orthopedics is a clinical branch that is considered to be at a high risk for claims. The analysis of a series of medmal insurance claims allows forensic pathologists, clinicians, and insurance companies to probe the risk of a specific clinical branch for medical malpractice claims and highlights areas where care may be improved. We investigated the main features of a major Italian insurance broker's archive in order to identify recurrent pitfalls in this field.

Understanding the structural features of symptomatic calcific aortic valve stenosis: A broad-spectrum clinico-pathologic study in 236 consecutive surgical cases.

Background: With age, aortic valve cusps undergo varying degrees of sclerosis which, sometimes, can progress to calcific aortic valve stenosis (AVS). To perform a retrospective clinico-pathologic investigation in patients with calcific AVS.

Methods: We characterized and graded the structural remodeling in 236 aortic valves (200 tricuspid and 36 bicuspid) from patients with calcific AVS (148 males; average 72years); possible relationships between general/clinical/echocardiographic characteristics and the histopathologic changes were explored.

KIF3C, a novel member of the kinesin superfamily: sequence, expression, and mapping to human chromosome 2 at 2p23.

Kinesins are microtubule-dependent molecular motors involved in intracellular transport and mitosis. Here, we report the cloning, sequencing, mapping, and expression of a novel member of the kinesin superfamily. The sequence of this newly identified human cDNA reveals an open reading frame encoding a putative protein of 792 residues.

Expression of neuronal kinesin heavy chain is developmentally regulated in the central nervous system of the rat.

The kinesin family of motor proteins comprises at least two isoforms of conventional kinesin encoded by different genes: ubiquitous kinesin, expressed in all cells and tissues, and neuronal kinesin, expressed exclusively in neuronal cells. In the present study, we have analyzed the expression of the two kinesin isoforms by immunochemistry at different stages of development of the rat CNS. We have found that the level of expression of neuronal kinesin is five to eight times higher in developing than in adult rat brains, whereas that of ubiquitous kinesin is only approximately 2.

Differential expression of ubiquitous and neuronal kinesin heavy chains during differentiation of human neuroblastoma and PC12 cells.

Kinesin is a microtubule-based motor protein involved in intracellular organelle transport. Neurons are characterized by the presence of at least two isoforms of conventional kinesin: ubiquitous kinesin, expressed in all cells and tissues, and neuronal kinesin, whose pattern of expression is confined to neuronal cells. In order to investigate whether the two kinesin motors, which are encoded by different genes, may play distinct biological roles in neurons, we studied their expression during neuronal differentiation.

[Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. A case report].

A lethal case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a 42-year-old woman with a history of bipolar psychiatric disorder under treatment with haloperidol is reported. The patient, hospitalized many times in the past for psychiatric treatment, was then admitted for treatment of a relapse of the disease during a exceedingly hot period. The patient complained of hallucinations and stomach ache.

The metabolic processing of glycosphingolipids in HT-29 cells is differentiation-dependent.

The metabolism of two radiolabelled glycosphingolipids, lactosylceramide and GM1 ganglioside, in differentiated and undifferentiated HT-29 cells is reported. Both lactosylceramide and GM1 ganglioside were demonstrated to be extensively catabolized in undifferentiated cells, as deduced by the relative amount of the compounds formed along the degradative pathway. Conversely, in differentiated cells both precursors were utilized as substrates for sugar-chain elongation.

[The estimation of p50 by the algorithm proposed by Siggard-Andersen. Its experimental assessment in critical patients].

Study Objective: To determine the ability of O. Siggaard-Andersen algorithm in the estimation of the "in vivo" p50 and standard p50 values from a single blood sample with sO2% less than or equal to 97.

Design: comparison between measured and calculated standard p50 values.

[Hypoxia and oxygen content during dialysis].

In a study of 72 patients treated with acetate and bicarbonate dialysis, the Authors verified if hypoxic hypoxia caused by dialysis depends on a deficit in oxygen content with an inherent risk of tissue hypoxia. PO2uv (uncompensated venous oxygen partial pressure) and CQ (cardiac compensation factor) derived from the oxygen absorption curve were studied by a new Ole Siggard-Andersen algorithm. The results do not show a risk of tissue hypoxia in the postdialytic period.