A novel cricoid pressure sensor device enhances the efficacy of oesophageal occlusion during Sellick's manoeuvre: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: The inability to measure the force applied during cricoid pressure is an important limitation in clinical practice. We developed a novel device to measure this force and provide real-time feedback to the operator.

Objectives: To test the hypothesis of superior oesophageal occlusion during cricoid pressure when guided by the novel device as compared with conventional practice.

Efficacy of ultrasound-guided classical versus parasacral parallel shift technique of sacral plexus block for lower limb surgeries - A randomised controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Ultrasound-guided sacral plexus block has been used for anaesthesia and analgesia in lower limb surgeries. This study aimed to compare the block performance characteristics after ultrasound-guided (USG) sacral plexus nerve block (SNB) using the parasacral parallel shift (PSPS) approach versus the classical approach in patients undergoing orthopaedic below-knee limb surgeries.

Methods: In this randomised study, 144 adult patients were randomised to receive USG SNB either by the classical approach (Group C) or the PSPS approach (Group P).

Efficacy of melatonin in decreasing the incidence of delirium in critically ill adults: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To determine whether enteral melatonin decreases the incidence of delirium in critically ill adults.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, adults were admitted to the intensive care unit and received either usual standard care alone (Control Group) or in combination with 3mg of enteral melatonin once a day at 9 PM (Melatonin Group). Concealment of allocation was done by serially numbered opaque sealed envelopes.

Transitional Pain Service: An Update.

Purpose Of Review: Chronic Postsurgical Pain (CPSP) and the risk for long-term opioid dependency are known complications following major surgery. The idea of Transitional Pain Service (TPS) has been introduced as an interdisciplinary setting to manage pain in the perioperative continuum. We expand on the basic framework and principles of TPS and summarize the current evidence of the TPS and possible interventions to adress postoperative pain.

Supraglottic airway device versus tracheal tube for pediatric laparoscopic surgery-A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Conventionally, tracheal tubes have been used for general anesthesia in pediatric laparoscopic surgeries. Recently, supraglottic devices are being used for the same. The performance of supraglottic devices versus tracheal tubes in children undergoing laparoscopic surgery is uncertain.

Fiberoptic Bronchoscope-guided vs Mini-surgical Technique of Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy in Intensive Care Units: A Comment.

Bandyopadhyay A, Puri S, Ashok V. Fiberoptic Bronchoscope-guided vs Mini-surgical Technique of Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy in Intensive Care Units: A Comment. Indian J Crit Care Med 2023;27(1):78.

Goal-directed fluid therapy guided by Plethysmographic Variability Index (PVI) versus conventional liberal fluid administration in children during elective abdominal surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: PVI has been shown to be an accurate predictor of fluid responsiveness in paediatric patients. Evidence regarding the role of PVI to guide intraoperative fluid therapy in paediatric abdominal surgery is lacking. We aimed to assess the effect of PVI-guided fluid therapy on the volume of intraoperative fluids administered and post-operative biochemical and recovery profile in children undergoing elective abdominal surgery.

Characteristics and outcomes of parturients with COVID-19, admitted to a critical care unit: A single-center retrospective observational study.

Background: Data on outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnancy are scarce, although they represent a unique physiological state affecting both the mother and child. We present collated data from a tertiary care center in North India, encompassing the outcome, clinical characteristics, and management of these patients.

Materials And Methods: Parturients ≥ 18 years old, with COVID-19 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission at a tertiary care hospital were included.

Supplemental intraoperative crystalloids for pediatric postoperative nausea and vomiting-A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative nausea and/or vomiting is a relatively frequent occurrence after general anesthesia in pediatric patients. Supplemental perioperative crystalloid fluid administration has been shown to have a positive effect on the incidence of nausea and/or vomiting in adults undergoing surgery. The question arises whether supplemental intraoperative intravenous fluids in pediatric patients offers beneficial results with regards to pediatric postoperative nausea and/or vomiting.

Atomised intranasal dexmedetomidine versus oral melatonin in prevention of emergence delirium in children undergoing ophthalmic surgery with sevoflurane: A randomised double-blind study.

Background: Melatonin and dexmedetomidine have both been used as a premedication to decrease emergence delirium in children. The effectiveness of oral melatonin, compared with atomised intranasal dexmedetomidine, in this role is not well studied.

Objective: To study the efficacy of pre-operative atomised intranasal dexmedetomidine versus oral melatonin in children scheduled for ophthalmic surgery under sevoflurane.

Ventilation Failure due to Endotracheal Tube Migration Into a Tracheal Pouch in a Toddler With a Repaired Tracheoesophageal Fistula: A Case Report.

A tracheal pouch is a rare complication of successful repair of a congenital tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). An 18-month-old child with a repaired congenital TEF was scheduled for esophageal dilation to treat his esophageal stricture. Migration of the distal end of the endotracheal tube into a previously undetected tracheal pouch caused an abrupt failure to ventilate at the end of surgery.

Effects of intraoperative liberal fluid therapy on postoperative nausea and vomiting in children-A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most distressing complications following surgery. Supplemental perioperative fluid therapy might be an effective strategy to reduce PONV in children.

Objectives: The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of intraoperative liberal fluid therapy with crystalloids on PONV in children.