A Forgotten Millstone: Denialism and Child Abuse in the Christian Church.

Christianity was founded on the teachings of Jesus, whose words emphasize protecting and honoring children. Jesus' teachings are historically unique for the period with his emphasis on safeguarding children, but the church moved away from this focus. First century Christianity adopted protections for children and harsh consequences for those who would abuse a child.

Coiling of a Postinterventional Pseudoaneurysm After Distal Locking of a Proximal Femoral Nail.

Pertrochanteric femoral fractures are among the most common injuries in geriatric patients. Intramedullary implants are used to restore patient mobility. We report coil embolisation of an aneurysma spurium of the profunda femoral artery as a complication after distal nail locking of a proximal femoral nail.

Zoledronic Acid Add-on Therapy for Standard-Risk Ewing Sarcoma Patients in the Ewing 2008R1 Trial.

Purpose: The phase III, open-label, prospective, multicenter, randomized Ewing 2008R1 trial (EudraCT2008-003658-13) was conducted in 12 countries to evaluate the effect of zoledronic acid (ZOL) maintenance therapy compared with no add-on regarding event-free survival (EFS, primary endpoint) and overall survival (OS) in standard-risk Ewing sarcoma (EWS).

Patients And Methods: Eligible patients had localized EWS with either good histologic response to induction chemotherapy and/or small tumors (<200 mL). Patients received six cycles of VIDE induction and eight cycles of VAI (male) or eight cycles of VAC (female) consolidation.

[Bone tumours-What's new in the 2020 WHO classification and beyond].

The recent WHO classification of Bone Tumours (2020) has introduced several changes. Conceptionally, small round cell sarcomas are now summarized in a distinct chapter, acknowledging their occurrence in both, bone and soft tissue. In the light of new molecular findings some diagnostic categories, such as fibrohistiocytic tumors, have been abandoned, and a few new entities have been added to the classification.

Interdisciplinarity in Diagnostics of Bone Lesions.

Introduction: Due to substantial advances in all medical disciplines, interdisciplinary cooperation is of major relevance in modern medicine. Given the rarity of benign and malignant bone tumours, diagnosis and therapy of these lesions is especially challenging. Focusing on typical cases, it is the aim of this article to illustrate the necessity of interdisciplinary cooperation.

Forensic age assessment by 3.0 T MRI of the wrist: adaption of the Vieth classification.

Objectives: In order to find a reliable method to correctly assess majority in both sexes by MRI, a study was conducted to evaluate the applicability of the recently presented Vieth classification in wrist MRI, after it had originally been proposed for knee MRI.

Methods: After receiving a positive vote by the ethics committee, the left-hand wrists of 347 male and 348 female volunteers of German nationality in the age bracket 12-24 years were scanned. Before conducting the prospective, cross-sectional examinations, an informed consent was obtained from each volunteer.

High-Dose Treosulfan and Melphalan as Consolidation Therapy Versus Standard Therapy for High-Risk (Metastatic) Ewing Sarcoma.

Purpose: Ewing 2008R3 was conducted in 12 countries and evaluated the effect of treosulfan and melphalan high-dose chemotherapy (TreoMel-HDT) followed by reinfusion of autologous hematopoietic stem cells on event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival in high-risk Ewing sarcoma (EWS).

Methods: Phase III, open-label, prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial. Eligible patients had disseminated EWS with metastases to bone and/or other sites, excluding patients with only pulmonary metastases.

Recurrent CTNNB1 mutations in craniofacial osteomas.

Osteoma is a benign bone forming tumor predominantly arising on the surface of craniofacial bones. While the vast majority of osteomas develops sporadically, a small subset of cases is associated with Gardner syndrome, a phenotypic variant of familial adenomatous polyposis caused by mutations in the APC gene resulting in aberrant activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling. In a sequencing analysis on a cohort of sporadic, non-syndromal osteomas, we identified hotspot mutations in the CTNNB1 gene (encoding β-catenin) in 22 of 36 cases (61.

[Conventional epiphyseal chondrosarcoma of childhood and adolescence: a case report].

Introduction: Conventional chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary malignant bone tumor and usually occurs at older adult ages. It is rare in childhood and adolescence.

Case History: This case report presents the treatment course of a 13-year-old boy with a symptomatic chondrogenic tumor of the right distal femur.

Ewing Sarcoma-Diagnosis, Treatment, Clinical Challenges and Future Perspectives.

Ewing sarcoma, a highly aggressive bone and soft-tissue cancer, is considered a prime example of the paradigms of a translocation-positive sarcoma: a genetically rather simple disease with a specific and neomorphic-potential therapeutic target, whose oncogenic role was irrefutably defined decades ago. This is a disease that by definition has micrometastatic disease at diagnosis and a dismal prognosis for patients with macrometastatic or recurrent disease. International collaborations have defined the current standard of care in prospective studies, delivering multiple cycles of systemic therapy combined with local treatment; both are associated with significant morbidity that may result in strong psychological and physical burden for survivors.

Return of Spontaneous Circulation Depends on Cardiac Rhythm During Neonatal Cardiac Arrest in Asphyxiated Newborn Animals.

Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) occurs in asphyxiated newborn piglets and infants. We aimed to examine whether different cardiac rhythms (asystole, bradycardia, PEA) affects the resuscitation outcomes during continuous chest compressions (CC) during sustained inflations (CC+SI). This study is a secondary analysis of four previous randomized controlled animal trials that compared CC+SI with different CC rate (90 or 120/min), SI duration (20 or 60 s), peak inflation pressure (10, 20, or 30 cmHO), and oxygen concentration (18, 21, or 100%).

Responding to Basic and Complex Cases of Child Abuse: a Comparison Study of Recent and Current Child Advocacy Studies (CAST) Students with DSS Workers in the Field.

In an effort to improve the training of future child protection professionals, more than 70 universities and graduate schools in the United States have implemented Child Advocacy Studies (CAST) minors or graduate programs. In order to assess the efficacy of these programs, 46 current and recent graduates of a CAST minor and 43 child protection professionals currently employed by a Department of Social Services (DSS) were given two vignettes. The first vignette involved a clear case of sexual abuse and the second vignette involved a more complex case involving polyvictimization.

Pain in survivors of Ewing sarcoma: Prevalence, associated factors and prediction of recurrence.

Background: While the prognosis of patients with Ewing sarcoma (EwS) is improving, little is known about the frequency of pain and its risk factors in survivors of EwS. This study aims to analyse the prevalence and risk factors of pain and its predictive value for recurrence.

Patients And Methods: In patients with remission after treatment of EwS, frequency and characteristics of pain within the first 5 years of follow up were assessed retrospectively.

Forensic age assessment of living adolescents and young adults at the Institute of Legal Medicine, Münster, from 2009 to 2018.

Due to high migration inflows to Europe, forensic age assessment of living persons has clearly gained importance. If there is a legal justification for X-ray examinations without a medical indication, the Study Group on Forensic Age Diagnostics (AGFAD) recommends the combination of a physical examination with anamnesis, an X-ray examination of the hand and a dental examination with evaluation of an orthopantomogram for age assessments of adolescents and young adults. If the development of the hand skeleton has been completed, an additional CT examination of the clavicles is to be performed.

[The importance of radiology in bone sarcoma diagnostics : Initial and advanced diagnostics].

Background: Reliable diagnostic assessment of malignant bone lesions remains a challenge in all the medical disciplines involved. The high incidence of benign (mainly pediatric) bone lesions needs to be distinguished from the rare malignant counterparts. If clinical presentation and patient history are unable to exclude a malignant tumour, adequate imaging of the affected region is necessary.

Anatomic shape variants of extremitas sternalis claviculae as collected from sternoclavicular thin-slice CT-studies of 2820 male borderline-adults.

Within medical age assessment practice, the indicator "medial clavicular ossification" constitutes crucial evidence capable of excluding age minority "beyond reasonable doubt" concerning age-disputed individuals doubtfully claiming children's rights during legal procedures. Yet, one of its characteristics affects the morphological variability including a fair amount of downright peculiar appearances. As a result, inexperienced examiners are tempted to classify actually not-assessable formations according to the two established developmental typologies of Schmeling et al.

Activating mutations in the MAP-kinase pathway define non-ossifying fibroma of bone.

Non-ossifying fibroma (NOF), which occasionally results in pathologic fracture, is considered the most common benign and self-limiting lesion of the growing skeleton. By DNA sequencing we have identified hotspot KRAS, FGFR1 and NF1 mutations in 48 of 59 patients (81.4%) with NOF, at allele frequencies ranging from 0.

Impact of the Interdisciplinary Tumor Board of the Cooperative Ewing Sarcoma Study Group on local therapy and overall survival of Ewing sarcoma patients after induction therapy.

Background: The Interdisciplinary Tumor Board (ITB) of the Cooperative Ewing Sarcoma Study (CESS) Group was investigated to assess its impact on the overall survival (OAS) of Ewing sarcoma (EwS) patients. The ITB functions as a reference center for the international institutions participating in the clinical trials of the CESS group, but is also available internationally to patients who have not been treated within an appropriate clinical trial. The value of tumor boards in terms of benefit for the patients and the health care system in general is not well documented and is also the subject of controversial discussions.

Forensic age assessment by 3.0T MRI of the knee: proposal of a new MRI classification of ossification stages.

Purpose: To explore the possibility of determining majority via a morphology-based examination of the epiphyseal-diaphyseal fusion by 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a prospective cross-sectional study developing and applying a new stage classification was conducted.

Materials And Methods: 344 male and 350 female volunteers of German nationality between the ages of 12-24 years were scanned between May 2013 and June 2015.

Recurrence of Ewing sarcoma: Is detection by imaging follow-up protocol associated with survival advantage?

Background: The Cooperative Ewing Sarcoma Study and the Late Effects Surveillance System of the Society for Paediatric Oncology and Haematology recommend a structured follow-up imaging protocol (FUIP) for patients with Ewing sarcoma (EwS) with decreasing frequency of imaging over the first 5 years. The present study aims to assess the effectiveness of the FUIP for EwS patients regarding survival after relapse.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective multicenter analysis on 160 eligible patients with EwS recurrence was performed.

Impact of helmet use in equestrian-related traumatic brain injury: a matched-pairs analysis.

Purpose: Traumatic brain injury is an important health concern in equestrian sports. Nevertheless, the use of safety helmets, especially in recreational riding, is reported to be rare. The purpose of this study was to perform the first matched-pairs analysis of traumatic brain injury with regard to the use of helmets.

Intraindividual incongruences of medially ossifying clavicles in borderline adults as seen from thin-slice CT studies of 2595 male persons.

In the past, numerous studies have documented the possibility of intraindividual differing appearances of the paired age-marker "medial clavicular ossification" in borderline adults. However, the extent of the divergences is rarely mentioned. Against that the article describes this phenomenon from a large sample of 2595 male persons by means of thin-slice CT imaging of the sternoclavicular regions.

Magnetic resonance imaging-based evaluation of ossification of the medial clavicular epiphysis in forensic age assessment.

Evaluation of the degree of ossification of the medial clavicular epiphysis plays a crucial role in determining with an adequate degree of probability whether legally relevant age boundaries after the age of 17 have been crossed. In view of the need to avoid unnecessary radiation exposure, establishing non-X-ray methods for investigating the clavicle has long been a key objective in forensic age assessment research. Based on magnetic resonance imaging examinations in a large sample of healthy subjects, the current study for the first time presents statistical measures which allow inferences to be drawn for forensic age assessment in both sexes.

High-resolution MRI (3T-MRI) in diagnosis of wrist pain: is diagnostic arthroscopy still necessary?

Introduction: 3T MRI has become increasingly available for better imaging of interosseous ligaments, TFCC, and avascular necrosis compared with 1.5T MRI. This study assesses the sensitivity and specificity of 3T MRI compared with arthroscopy as the gold standard.