A decrease in serum dihydrotestosterone levels in 9-year-old Vietnamese children from a dioxin exposure area.

Background: Dioxin is an environmental pollutant as well as an endocrine disruptor in humans. Our longitudinal study wants to clarify the relationship between dioxin exposure and endocrine disorders in children living in the Vietnamese dioxin hotspot.

Method: Seventeen congeners of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzo-furans (PCDDs/PCDFs) in maternal breast milk and seven serum steroid hormones in children of 43 and 46 mothers and their 9-year-old children from the non-exposure and the hotspot areas were measured, respectively.

A comprehensive analysis of the immune system in healthy Vietnamese people.

Lifestyle, diet, socioeconomic status and genetics all contribute to heterogeneity in immune responses. Vietnam is plagued with a variety of health problems, but there are no available data on immune system values in the Vietnamese population. This study aimed to establish reference intervals for immune cell parameters specific to the healthy Vietnamese population by utilizing multi-color flow cytometry (MCFC).

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Common Gram-Negative Microorganisms Isolated from Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in a Teaching Hospital in Vietnam.

This cross-sectional study investigated the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of gram-negative pathogens isolated from 4,789 hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Of the collected specimens, 1,325 (27.7%) tested positive for gram-negative bacteria.

Effect of high-concentration bleaching agents on dentin bonding: an in vitro study.

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of high-concentration hydrogen peroxide (HP) and carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching solutions on the dentin-resin interface and the shear bond strength (SBS) of restorative materials. A total of 56 extracted human premolars were prepared with flat dentin windows and divided into groups according to the bleaching protocol: group A, bleached with 35% HP (n = 24); group B, bleached with 35% CP (n = 24); and group C, control, no bleaching (n = 8). Groups A and B were each divided into 3 subgroups according to the time of bonding: A0 or B0, bonded immediately after bleaching (n = 8); A1 or B1, bonded 1 week after bleaching (n = 8); and A2 or B2, bonded 2 weeks after bleaching (n = 8).

Taxonomical insights and ecology of sandfly (Diptera, Psychodidae) species in six provinces of Northern Vietnam.

We studied sandfly (Diptera: Psychodidae) populations in six provinces of Vietnam. This work explores the diversity of sandfly species according to the province, as well as environment, and updated information on public health since leishmaniasis cases were reported in two provinces. Sandflies were collected using 428 CDC light traps from May 30 to October 13, 2016 and identified based on the morphology of the cibarium, pharynx and/or male genitalia or female spermathecae.

Sustained clonal hematopoiesis by HLA-lacking hematopoietic stem cells without driver mutations in aplastic anemia.

Clonal hematopoiesis by hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) that lack an HLA class I allele (HLA HSPCs) is common in patients with acquired aplastic anemia (AA); however, it remains unknown whether the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) attack that allows for survival of HLA HSPCs is directed at nonmutated HSPCs or HSPCs with somatic mutations or how escaped HLA HSPC clones support sustained hematopoiesis. We investigated the presence of somatic mutations in HLA granulocytes obtained from 15 AA patients in long-term remission (median, 13 years; range, 2-30 years). Targeted sequencing of HLA granulocytes revealed somatic mutations (, n = 2; , , and , n = 1) in 3 elderly patients between 79 and 92 years of age, but not in 12 other patients aged 27 to 74 years (median, 51.

Sources for isolation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) producing bacterial strains which are capable of using wastewater sludge as solo substrate.

Isolation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) producing bacterial strains capable of using sludge as low-cost growth substrate was carried out in this study. A total of 110 EPS-producing strains were isolated from different sources, which include sludge of beer and winery wastewater treatment plant (WWTP); young, 2-month-old and 10-year-old leachate. Thirty-seven isolated strains showed good growth in sludge medium with cell count varying from 10 to 10 most probable number (MPN)/mL and total EPS concentration from 2737 to 6639 mg/L.

Dengue Associated Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Cases in Son La Province, Vietnam in 2014.

Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and affects both children and adults. The main etiologic agent is Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV); however, there are also reports of Dengue virus (DENV) encephalitis. The objectives of this study were to determine the proportion of patients with encephalitis due to JEV during the 2014 outbreak in Son La Province in Vietnam and to explore the association of DENV in non-JEV viral encephalitis cases.

3-Aminopyrrolidines from alpha-aminoacids: total synthesis of (+)-nemonapride from D-alanine.

The antipsychotic compound nemonapride 1 was synthesized in nine steps from d-alanine 2. The key steps for the synthesis of the 3-aminopyrrolidine moiety include a Birch reduction of a cyclic enaminoester and the reduction of a pyrrolidinone to the pyrrolidine 7. Final coupling with the benzoic acid derivative 9 gave 1 as a single enantio- and diastereomer.