Effect of adapted ice cream on nutritional status and oral mucositis in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: protocol study for a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Chemotherapy is one of the treatments of choice for patients with hematological or head and neck neoplasms. However, chemotherapy promotes elevate occurrence of adverse events and many of them directly impact nutritional status and patients' quality of life, which may include a low treatment tolerance. Suggested mechanisms include inflammation and oxidative stress as contributing factors to adverse effects of chemotherapy.

Assessment of upper extremity functional capacity in following osteosynthesis for upper limb fractures using a novel method for determining total reachable workspace.

Objective: This study aimed to assess reachable workspace (RWS) in patients post-osteosynthesis of shoulder, elbow, or wrist fractures and explore correlations with self-reported function and kinesiophobia.

Design: An observational case-control study compared patients with fractures to a control group, utilizing questionnaires and 3D kinematic data.

Participants: The sample included 66 individuals who had undergone osteosynthesis: 21 with shoulder fractures, 10 with elbow fractures, and 22 with wrist fractures.

Poor muscle quality: A hidden and detrimental health condition in obesity.

Poor muscle quality (MQ) is a hidden health condition in obesity, commonly disregarded and underdiagnosed, associated with poor health-related outcomes. This narrative review provides an in-depth exploration of MQ in obesity, including definitions, available assessment methods and challenges, pathophysiology, association with health outcomes, and potential interventions. MQ is a broad term that can include imaging, histological, functional, or metabolic assessments, evaluating beyond muscle quantity.

Xenographic lenticule implantation followed by riboflavin and UV treatment: A promising alternative for corneal ectasias management.

The cornea is the primary refracting surface of the eye, requiring precise curvature to ensure optimal vision. Any distortion in its shape may result in significant visual impairment. Corneal ectasias, such as keratoconus (KC), is characterized by gradual thinning and protrusion of the thinned area, due to biomechanical weakening of the tissue, leading to astigmatism and vision loss.

Kinematic analysis of upper limb fractures: Insights for rehabilitation strategies.

Background: Upper limb fractures significantly alter movement, impacting function and recovery. Three-dimensional motion analysis allows precise assessment of these changes.

Methods: Sixty patients were divided into four groups: shoulder, elbow, wrist fractures, and controls.

Distribution of airway pressure opening in the lungs measured with electrical impedance tomography (POET): a prospective physiological study.

Background: In patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) under mechanical ventilation, the change in pressure slope during a low-flow insufflation indicates a global airway opening pressure (AOP) needed to reopen closed airways and may be used for titration of positive end-expiratory pressure.

Objectives: To understand 1) if airways open homogeneously inside the lungs or significant regional AOP variations exist; 2) whether the pattern of the pressure slope change during low-flow insufflation can indicate the presence of regional AOP variations.

Methods: Using electrical impedance tomography, we recorded low-flow insufflation maneuvers (< 10 L/min) starting from end-expiratory positive pressure 0-5 cmHO.

Multicenter research in dialysis centers in Brazil: recruitment and implementation of the SARC-HD study.

Introduction: Multicenter research initiatives in Brazilian dialysis centers are scarce. We described the recruitment and implementation phases of the SARC-HD study, aimed at investigating sarcopenia and its impact on adverse clinical outcomes.

Methods: The SARC-HD is a cohort study being conducted with patients on hemodialysis in Brazil.

Ventilation distribution during spontaneous breathing trials predicts liberation from mechanical ventilation: the VISION study.

Background: Predicting complete liberation from mechanical ventilation (MV) is still challenging. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) offers a non-invasive measure of regional ventilation distribution and could bring additional information.

Research Question: Whether the display of regional ventilation distribution during a Spontaneous Breathing Trial (SBT) could help at predicting early and successful liberation from MV.

Cysteine Peptidases of Calotropis procera (Apocynaceae): A Literature Review on their Biochemical Properties and Potential Applications.

The latex of the xerophytic plant Calotropis procera, popularly known as giant milkweed, contains a complex mixture of secondary metabolites and proteins and has attracted the attention of many researchers. Several bioactive laticifer enzymes from C. procera have been studied for their potential applications in the medical, agricultural and food industries.

Turning agro-food waste into resources: Exploring the antioxidant effects of bioactive compounds bioaccessibility from digested jabuticaba tree leaf extract.

The jabuticaba tree leaf, considered an agro-food by-product or waste, was evaluated as a potential unconventional ingredient of bioactive compounds. Its hydroalcoholic extracts were assessed for the phenolic chemical profile by LC-QQQ-MS and antioxidant capacity pre- and post-gastrointestinal digestion (i.e.

Free-living monitoring of ALS progression in upper limbs using wearable accelerometers.

Background: Wearable technology offers objective and remote quantification of disease progression in neurological diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Large population studies are needed to determine generalization and reproducibility of findings from pilot studies.

Methods: A large cohort of patients with ALS (N = 202) wore wearable accelerometers on their dominant and non-dominant wrists for a week every two to four weeks and self-entered the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-RSE) in similar time intervals.

Manipulating button mushroom casing affects the disease dynamics of blotch and green mold disease.

Productive cultivation of the button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) relies on the use of selective substrates and effective disease management. In extending our previous work on manipulating the developmental microbiome (devome), this study employs the strategy of substrate passaging to explore its effects on crop outcomes and disease dynamics. Here we subjected the casing substrate to ten cycles of passaging.

Development, Content Validity and Usability of a Self-Assessment Instrument for the Lifestyle of Breast Cancer Survivors in Brazil.

Background/objectives: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women globally, and it negatively impacts diet and quality of life, increasing the risk of recurrence. Adhering to World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) lifestyle guidelines, such as healthy eating habits and nutritional status, can help in primary and secondary cancer prevention. However, no questionnaire was found for self-assessment of these guidelines for the Brazilian population.

Association between sleep timing and meal and snack patterns in schoolchildren in southern Brazil.

This study aimed to identify meal and snack patterns and assess their association with sleep timing in schoolchildren. This is a cross-sectional study carried out in 2018/2019 with 1333 schoolchildren aged 7-14 years from public and private schools in Florianópolis, Brazil. Previous-day dietary intake data for breakfast, mid-morning snack, lunch, mid-afternoon snack, dinner and evening snack were collected using a validated online questionnaire.

Characterization of four phages and their potential in phage biocontrol for lamb's lettuce seed decontamination.

Bacterial black spot, caused by , is responsible for significant yield losses in lamb's lettuce () in many producing countries, especially Europe. Currently, no resistant varieties of are available that effectively control the disease under field conditions. Bacteriophage-based biocontrol has been suggested as a sustainable and natural alternative strategy to combat bacterial pathogens.

Poultry Preslaughter Operations in Hot Environments: The Present Knowledge and the Next Steps Forward.

Poultry production faces significant challenges, including high feed prices, diseases, and thermal stress, which impact broiler welfare and productivity. Despite advances in cooling technologies and ventilation, preslaughter operations still lead to considerable losses. This review highlights the need for the improved management of thermal environments and animal logistics.

Fast meta-analytic approximations for relational event models: applications to data streams and multilevel data.

Large relational-event history data stemming from large networks are becoming increasingly available due to recent technological developments (e.g. digital communication, online databases, etc).

Nematodes Can Substitute in a Co-Feeding Regime for Pacific White Shrimp Post-Larvae Reared in a Biofloc Nursery System.

This study evaluated nematodes as an alternative to live when provided in a co-feeding regime to Pacific white shrimp () post-larvae (PL) reared in a biofloc nursery system. A 20-day experiment employing PL was performed for an evaluation of four dietary groups: control [C] (fed exclusively with a dry commercial feed); artificial [AA] (dry feed composed of extracted and processed cysts and dry commercial feed); live and dry commercial feed [LA]; and nematodes and dry commercial feed [N] ( sp. dry nematodes).

Genomic alterations in the stepwise progression from normal mucosa to metastasizing oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the genomic changes that occur in the development from dysplasia, cancer and to regional metastases in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Material And Methods: We included OSCC patients with lymph node metastases at diagnosis, treated with primary surgery at Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen in the period 2007-2014. The resected tumor specimens were evaluated by a pathologist, who marked areas of morphologically normal tissue and dysplasia surrounding the cancer, two areas from the cancer tissue, and one area within the lymph node metastases.

Reactivity assessment of oligomeric systems associated with crystalline and amorphous cellulose for bioethanol production: a DFT study.

Context: The production of bioethanol from renewable raw materials is a decisive factor in the economic development of many countries. However, the complexity of the processes and the numerous experimental variables involved require a deeper understanding of the chemical reactions that take place during bioethanol production to define optimal parameters. Here, we have employed density functional theory-based calculations to investigate the local reactivity of oligomeric systems by considering crystalline and amorphous cellulose models to better understand some details regarding pulp pretreatment processes.

[The Fiocruz archives: sources for research on science and health during the military dictatorship (1964-1985)].

The scope of this paper is to analyze the relationship between the country's political redemocratization process from the 1980s onwards and the issue of identification, preservation and access to the archives of information and security bodies that worked to combat the opponents of the authoritarian regime during the military dictatorship (1964-1985). It addresses the dictatorship's action on university and scientific institutions, to highlight the importance of the archive of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, as well as the personal files maintained by scientists and donated to Casa de Oswaldo Cruz. It features archives and collections organized and available for public consultation, which can serve as research sources for historical studies on science and health during the dictatorship.