Refractory Chylous Ascites Secondary to Neuroblastoma.

Background: Neonatal ascites is a complex condition that often poses a diagnostic dilemma for the clinician. We present a case of neonatal ascites secondary to neuroblastoma.

Case Presentation: Our neonatal patient had congenital and recurrent chylous ascites despite multiple postnatal paracenteses, which resolved with complete resection of a retroperitoneal neoplasm.

Myxoid mesenchymal neoplasm presenting as massive arm and chest wall oedema with pleural effusion.

Myxoid mesenchymal tumours are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms characterised histologically by their abundant mucoid and myxoid extracellular matrix (ECM). Encompassing a broad spectrum of clinical behaviour ranging from benign to malignant, there are more than 60 reactive and neoplastic entities currently classified under its domain. Its varied clinical and histopathologic features continue to pose a diagnostic challenge to clinicians and pathologists.

Thinking outside the box: a middle-aged man with new-onset dyspnoea on exertion and pedal oedema.

We describe a diagnostic dilemma in a middle-aged man presenting with dyspnoea and bilateral pedal oedema who had been diagnosed with right heart failure based on clinical evidence. The evaluation for aetiology eventually led to discovery of an unusual extrathoracic cause, a left-to-right communication in the renal vasculature. Renal arteriovenous fistulae are rare and can be congenital, acquired or idiopathic.

A change of heart: reopening of a foramen ovale.

Platypnea-orthodeoxia is a rare syndrome characterized by dyspnea and hypoxemia that is exacerbated by assuming an upright position. The most common cause is intracardiac shunting through an atrial septal defect or patent foramen ovale (PFO). We present a 63-year-old man with dyspnea after right pneumonectomy for lung cancer, who was found to have a large PFO with right-to-left shunt in the presence of normal right-sided pressures.