CO-Based Encapsulation of Rutin-Rich Extracts from Black Elderberry Waste Using Advanced PGSS Process.

For the first time, rutin-rich extracts from black elderberry waste (BEW) were encapsulated using the particles from gas-saturated solutions (PGSS) method to improve the preservation of rutin. The extracts used in this study were obtained using five different extraction techniques under optimal conditions, as follows: conventional solid-liquid extraction (SLE) and four non-conventional techniques-ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), enhanced solvent extraction (ESE), and supercritical CO pretreatment-followed by ESE (SFE-CO + ESE). The PGSS process of the obtained extracts was performed using two amphiphilic carriers, glycerol monostearate (GlyMS) and gelucire (Gel), in a mass ratio of 1:6, in favor of the carrier.

Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Symptoms Among Students in Croatia During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased fear of infection, social isolation, financial concerns, and feelings of loneliness and uncertainty. Studies reveal that the pandemic has had a significant negative impact on mental health. This systematic review aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among students in Croatia during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sustainable isolation of ginger (Zingiber officinale) herbal dust bioactive compounds with favorable toxicological profile employing natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES).

The usage of ginger (Zingiber officinale) has increased in recent years due to its positive effect on human health affiliated with its richness in gingerols and shogaols. This study optimized the Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for better phenolic compounds isolation from ginger herbal dust (GHD), a filter tea industry by-product. The extraction was performed using raw and defatted GHD-previously processed by Supercritical fluid extraction - CO.

Sustainable Recovery of Polyphenols and Carotenoids from Horned Melon Peel via Cloud Point Extraction.

Using natural plant extracts as food additives is a promising approach for improving food products' quality, nutritional value, and safety, offering advantages for both consumers and the environment. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to develop a sustainable method for extracting polyphenols and carotenoids from horned melon peel using the cloud point extraction (CPE) technique, intending to utilize it as a natural food additive. CPE is novel promising extraction method for separation and pre-concentration of different compounds while being simple, inexpensive, and low-toxic.

Galectin 3 rs4644 gene polymorphism is associated with metabolic traits in Serbian adolescent population.

Background: Among many genes which have been analyzed to understand obesity and related metabolic traits among children and adolescents, not many studies are conducted on LGALS3 gene, especially in population of children. A positive correlation of circulating galectin 3 serum levels with impaired blood glucose, high blood pressure and higher values of serum lipids and was found in general population. The aim was to investigate possible association of rs4644 with body mass index, glycaemia, and lipid profile in Serbian adolescents.

Detection of non-pathogenic and pathogenic populations of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in various samples by the conventional, quantitative and droplet digital PCRs.

In this study, three generations of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays: (i) conventional PCR, (ii) qPCR and (iii) droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), were systematically tested for their abilities to detect non-pathogenic and pathogenic populations of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The limit of detection (LOD) for the ddPCR was 1.1 pg/µL of purified DNA, followed by the qPCR (5.

Green Processing of Black Raspberry Pomace: Application of Sonotrode-Based Extraction Technique and Particles from Gas-Saturated Solutions (PGSS) Technology.

The aim of this study was to develop, for the first time, anthocyanin-enriched fractions from black raspberry pomace (BRP) using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) via sonotrode and the Particles from Gas-Saturated Solutions (PGSS) process. UAEs with different amplitudes and sonication times were evaluated and showed relevant effects on the yields of target analytes. The raspberry pomace extracts were formulated in a powder form by PGSS using glyceryl monostearate as a carrier at different extract-to-carrier ratios of 1:11, 1:5, and 1:3.

Ultrasound-assisted and subcritical water extraction techniques for maximal recovery of phenolic compounds from raw ginger herbal dust toward in vitro biological activity investigation.

This study examined the impact of two green extraction techniques in order to maximize the usage and recovery of phenolic compounds from the by-product of the filter tea industry, the so-called ginger herbal dust. The main phenolic compounds extraction was performed by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with the sonication amplitude ranging from 20% to 100%, and the subcritical water extraction (SWE), with the temperature ranging from 120 °C to 220 °C. All obtained extracts were characterized in terms of extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), and 6-ginerol, 6-shogaol, and 8-ginerol contents using RP-HPLC-DAD.

Recovery of Polyphenols from Rosehip Seed Waste Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents and Ultrasonic Waves Simultaneously.

Rosehips are processed and consumed in numerous forms, such as juice, wine, herbal tea, yogurt, preserved fruit, and canned products. The seeds share in fruit is 30-35% and they have recently been recognized as an important source of oil rich in unsaturated fatty acids. However, after defatting, seed waste may still contain some polar polyphenolic compounds, which have been scarcely investigated.

rs8177412 Polymorphism Modifies Risk of Upper Urothelial Tumors in Patients with Balkan Endemic Nephropathy.

Current data suggest that aristolochic acid (AA) exposure is a putative cause of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), a chronic kidney disease strongly associated with upper tract urothelial carcinoma. The cellular metabolism of AA is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species, resulting in oxidative distress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze individual, combined and cumulative effect of antioxidant gene polymorphisms ( rs6721961, rs1048290, rs1695, rs1138272, rs8177412 and rs1045642), as well as haplotypes with the risk for BEN development and associated urothelial cell carcinoma in 209 BEN patients and 140 controls from endemic areas.

Comparative genomics uncovered differences between clinical and environmental populations of in New Zealand.

has been identified as an emerging human pathogen worldwide with cases undergoing a global expansion over recent decades in phase with climate change. New Zealand had remained free of outbreaks until 2019, but different outbreaks have been reported consecutively since then. To provide new insights into the recent emergence of cases associated with outbreak clones over recent years, a comparative genomic study was carried out using a selection of clinical (mostly outbreak) and environmental isolates of obtained in New Zealand between 1973 and 2021.

Application of Green Technology to Extract Clean and Safe Bioactive Compounds from Biomass Grown in Poultry Wastewater.

Microalgae are capable of assimilating nutrients from wastewater (WW), producing clean water and biomass rich in bioactive compounds that need to be recovered from inside the microalgal cell. This work investigated subcritical water (SW) extraction to collect high-value compounds from the microalga after treating poultry WW. The treatment efficiency was evaluated in terms of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), phosphate, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and metals.

Impact of Short-Time Micronization on Structural and Thermal Properties of Sugar Beet Fibre and Inulin.

Research Background: By tailoring dietary fibre's structural and physicochemical properties, their functionality and applicability can be remarkably increased. One of the approaches used in this respect is fibre particle size reduction. Accordingly, the present study explores the impact of short-time micronization in a planetary ball mill on structural and thermal changes of modified and commercial sugar beet fibre, inulin and sucrose for their potential application as food excipients.

The Application of Ultrasonic Waves and Microwaves to Improve Antihyperglycaemic and Antimicrobial Activities of Extracts.

Having scarce information about ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave assisted extraction (MAE) of white horehound ( L.), the idea has emerged to determine the optimal process parameters for the maximization of polyphenols and to compare the efficiency of these green extraction technologies. The optimal UAE parameters are temperature of 73.

The Effects of Resveratrol-Rich Extracts of Pruning Waste on HeLa, MCF-7 and MRC-5 Cells: Apoptosis, Autophagia and Necrosis Interplay.

Resveratrol is a well-studied plant-derived molecule in cancer biology, with a plethora of documented in vitro effects. However, its low bioavailability and toxicity risk hamper its wider use. In this study, vine shoots after pruning were used as a source of resveratrol (RSV).

Black Elderberry Press Cake as a Source of Bioactive Ingredients Using Green-Based Extraction Approaches.

To study the efficiency of two green-based extraction techniques for the isolation of bioactive constituents from black elderberry press cake, changes in phenolic compounds and main anthocyanin contents were analyzed. Polyphenolic content was correlated with antioxidant and antidiabetic potential by radical-scavenging activity and monitoring of -amylase inhibition. Black elderberry press-cake extracts were obtained by ultrasound-assisted (UAE) and microwave-assisted (MAE) extractions under different extraction conditions.

Differential effects of magnesium, calcium, and sodium on biofilm formation.

is a gram-positive foodborne pathogen that causes outbreaks of listeriosis associated with a diverse range of foods forms biofilms as a strategy to enhance its survival in the environment. These biofilms then provide a source of contamination in processing plant environments. Cations like magnesium, calcium, and sodium are commonly found in the environment and are important to bacteria to maintain their homeostasis.

Lifestyle of and food safety: Emerging listericidal technologies in the food industry.

, a causative agent of listeriosis, is a major foodborne pathogen. Among pathogens, stands out for its unique ecological and physiological characteristics. This distinct lifestyle of has a significant impact on food safety and public health, mainly through the ability of this pathogen to multiply at refrigeration temperature and to persist in the food processing environment.

Antibacterial Potential of Extract Prepared by the Green Extraction Method.

The antimicrobial activity of aqueous extract prepared using high pressure extraction was evaluated. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of extract for six bacterial pathogens were determined using the broth macrodilution method. Although the extract was shown to be effective toward all investigated foodborne bacteria, its antimicrobial activity depended on its concentration and bacterial strain.

Pyeloplasty with ureteral stent placement in children: Do prophylactic antibiotics serve a purpose?

Objectives: Ureteral stents are commonly used during pyeloplasty to ensure drainage and anastomotic healing. Antibiotic prophylaxis is often used due to concerns for urinary tract infection (UTI). Although many surgeons prescribe prophylactic antibiotics following pyeloplasty, practices vary widely due to lack of clear evidence-based guidelines.

Supercritical CO extraction of : intensification of marrubiin.

Supercritical carbon dioxide and Soxhlet extraction were employed for delivering extracts. By varying process temperature and pressure, the impact of different densities of carbon dioxide on the extraction yield and chemical profile of the extracts was investigated. The highest extraction yields of were obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (3.

Applicability of image analysis to support QbD driven development of pellets.

Objective: The stages of preparing high drug loaded pellets were investigated using static and dynamic imaging techniques to provide a greater understanding and ease the scale up process.

Significance: An example of a real case laboratory and production scale quality by design (QbD) based development of pellets is demonstrated. Potential process analytical technology (PAT) approaches by dynamic image analysis (DIA) are presented in various process phases.

Effects of poly(vinyl alcohol) blending with Ag/alginate solutions to form nanocomposite fibres for potential use as antibacterial wound dressings.

In this work, nanocomposite fibres and microfibres based on alginate and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were produced and characterized for potential application as antibacterial wound dressings. PVA/Ag/Na-alginate colloid solution was used for the preparation of the fibres by a simple extrusion technique followed by freezing-thawing cycles. UV-Visible spectroscopy confirmed successful preservation of AgNPs in fibres while Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has shown a balanced combined effect on the Ca-alginate spatial arrangement with the addition of both AgNPs and PVA.

Comparative Study of the Essential Oil and Hydrosol Composition of Sweet Wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) from Serbia.

The most abundant volatile compounds of sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) essential oil were artemisia ketone (25.4 %) and trans-caryophyllene (10.

Effect of Type and Concentration of Carrier Material on the Encapsulation of Pomegranate Peel Using Spray Drying Method.

This study aimed to establish a procedure for pomegranate peel (PP) valorization and attainment of stable extracts with preserved bioactive compounds. The technology applied was spray drying with carbohydrate-based (maltodextrin, MD) and protein-based (whey protein, WP) carrier materials in different concentrations (80, 100, and 120%). What was analyzed was the impact of the type and concentration of carrier material on the stability and quality of the final encapsulated powder.