Extraction System for the Spectrophotometric Determination of Tungsten(VI) with 4-Nitrocatechol and Benzalkonium Chloride.

A novel chromogenic system for the liquid-liquid extraction and determination of trace amounts of tungsten(VI) was investigated. The system comprises 4-nitrocatechol (4NC) as a chromogenic reagent, sulfuric acid as a complexing medium, and benzalkonium chloride (BAC) as a source of bulky cations (BA+), which readily form chloroform-extractable ion-association complexes. The impact of foreign ions and reagents was studied, and the optimal conditions for the sensitive, selective, and inexpensive determination of tungsten(VI) were identified.

Serum levels of leptin and adiponectin in patients with autoimmune Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Introduction: Adipose tissue is immunologically and hormonally active, and these effects are mediated largely by adipocytokines. Thyroid hormones regulate metabolism and organ function, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most common autoimmune disease affecting thyroid function.

Aim: To evaluate the levels of the adipocytokines leptin and adiponectin in patients with autoimmune HT, and to perform a comparative intragroup analysis in patients with different stages of gland functional activity, and in a control group.

Use of a Hydrophobic Azo Dye for the Centrifuge-Less Cloud Point Extraction-Spectrophotometric Determination of Cobalt.

The hydrophobic azo dye 6-hexyl-4-(2-thiazolylazo)resorcinol (HTAR, HL) was studied as part of a system for the centrifuge-less cloud point extraction (CL-CPE) and spectrophotometric determination of traces of cobalt. The extracted 1:2 (Co:HTAR) complex, [Co(HL)(L)], shows an absorption maximum at 553 nm and contains HTAR in two different acid-base forms. Optimum conditions for its formation and CL-CPE were found as follows: 1 × 10 mol L of HTAR, 1.

Spectrophotometric Determination of Molybdenum(VI) as a Ternary Complex with 4-Nitrocatechol and Benzalkonium Chloride.

A new liquid-liquid extraction system for molybdenum(VI) was studied. It contains 4-nitrocatechol (4NC) as a complexing chromogenic reagent and benzalkonium chloride (BZC) as a source of heavy cations (BZ), which are prone to form chloroform-extractable ion-association complexes. The optimum conditions for the determination of trace molybdenum(VI) were found: concentrations of 4NC and BZC (7.

Ternary ion-association complexes of cobalt with 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol and tetrazolium salts.

The formation of ternary ion-association complexes of Co(II) with 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR) and tetrazolium salts (TS) - (3-(4,5-dimethylThiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 3-(2-naphtyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (TV) - were investigated with the aid of the extraction-spectrophotometric method. The optimum conditions for the extraction of Co(II) were found. On the basis of the experimental data and their mathematical treatment the association process in aqueous phase and extraction process was investigated quantitatively.