Impact of exercise and leucine-enriched protein supplementation on physical function, body composition, and inflammation in pre-frail older adults: a quasi-experimental study.

Background: Exercise and a protein-enriched diet are essential for muscle protein synthesis, cellular growth, mitochondrial function, and immune function. The U.S.

Delirium is significantly associated with hospital frailty risk score derived from administrative data.

Objectives: Delirium is highly prevalent in hospitalised older adults, under-diagnosed and associated with poor outcomes. We aim to determine (i) association of frailty measured using Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) with delirium, (ii) impact of delirium on mortality, 30-days readmission, extended length of stay (eLOS) and cost (eCOST).

Methods: Retrospective cohort study was conducted on 902 older adults ≥75 years discharged from an academic tertiary hospital between March and September 2021.