Pneumothorax in a term newborn.

With the advent of surfactant and gentle ventilation, the incidence of neonatal pneumothorax has decreased over the last two decades. Pneumothorax associated with respiratory distress syndrome is more common in preterm infants, but term infants often present with isolated pneumothorax. The use of CPAP or non-invasive respiratory support in the delivery room for a term infant with respiratory distress increases transpulmonary pressures and increases the risk of pneumothorax.

Health Care Provider Practices and Perceptions During Family-Centered Rounds With Limited English-Proficient Families.

Objective: To increase understanding of current practices and perceptions of family-centered rounds (FCR) by providers for limited English-proficient (LEP) families relative to English-proficient families.

Methods: Using grounded theory methodology, we conducted ethnographic observations of FCR for LEP and English-proficient families on the pediatric wards at an urban teaching hospital. Focused coding of observation fieldnotes was performed independently, followed by regular group meetings to discuss discrepancies, refine codes, and identify theoretical direction.

Loss of muscle mass: a significant predictor of postoperative complications in acute diverticulitis.

Background: Severe muscle mass depletion, sarcopenia, has been shown to be associated with poor operative outcomes. However, its impact on emergency abdominal operations remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between low muscle mass (LMM) and outcomes after emergency operations for acute diverticulitis.

The role of computed tomography after emergent trauma operation.

Background: Although computed tomography (CT) has become the preferred diagnostic modality, immediate surgical intervention is often required for severely injured patients with minimum preoperative radiographic evaluation. The utility of postoperative CT (postop-CT) for the identification of undiagnosed injuries and its impact on patient management remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of postop-CT for the identification of clinically significant injuries in patients who underwent an emergent life-saving procedure.