COVID-19 Symptoms Only Minutely Influenced by Genes Among Children in a Nationwide Twin Cohort.

Background: The World Health Organization classified coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a pandemic by March 11, 2020. Children had a milder disease than adults, and many were asymptomatic. The pandemic could be seen as a natural experiment with several changes, including time spent at home.

Commodity risk assessment of Alnus cordata, Alnus glutinosa and Alnus incana plants from the UK.

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'high-risk plants, plant products and other objects'. Taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by the applicant country, this Scientific Opinion covers the plant health risks posed by the following commodities: , and graftwood, bare-root plants and rooted plants in pots up to 7 years old imported into the EU from the UK. A list of pests potentially associated with the commodities was compiled.

Two-Step Acoustic Cell Separation Based on Cell Size and Acoustic Impedance─toward Isolation of Viable Circulating Tumor Cells.

Isolation and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) present a noninvasive alternative to monitor disease progression in individual patients. However, the heterogeneous lineage specificity of CTCs makes it difficult to isolate and identify possible CTCs by a liquid biopsy. Better label-free methods for the isolation of viable CTCs are needed.

Do positive childhood and adult experiences counter the effects of adverse childhood experiences on learned helplessness?

Introduction: Learned helplessness often arises when an individual feels that a challenging situation is inescapable. Childhood trauma can lead to feelings of learned helplessness in youth and adulthood. Resiliency theory suggests that positive experiences in childhood and adulthood may counteract traumatic experiences in childhood and reduce learned helplessness and promote learned optimism, the antithesis of learned helplessness.

Systematic review of integrated mental and physical health services for children and young people with eating and functional symptoms.

Background: Evidence suggests that by recognising the psychosocial component of illness as equally important to the biological components, care becomes more holistic, and patients can benefit. Providing this type of care requires collaboration among health professionals, rather than working in isolation, to achieve better outcomes. However, there is a lack of evidence about the implementation of integrated health care.

Detection and Molecular Diversity of in Pastoral Livestock in North-Eastern Ethiopia.

Brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease affecting livestock and humans that remains endemic in Ethiopia. Despite its prevalence, only a few studies have identified species circulating in livestock in the country. This study aimed to determine the species responsible for infections in livestock in the Afar region of Ethiopia and characterize the isolates using whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphism (wgSNP) analysis and in silico multi-locus sequence typing (MLST).

Eccentric Training to Restore Persistent Functional Loss Following Ruptured Achilles Tendon: The Role of Fascicle Length and Muscle Excursion.

Persisting deficits are often seen years after an Achilles tendon rupture despite dedicated rehabilitation efforts. A possible reason for reduced function is elongation of the tendon and accompanying shortening of the muscle. Strength training with focus on the eccentric component of loading leads to longer muscle fascicles in healthy persons.

The development of a decision support tool in the prehospital setting for acute chest pain - a study protocol for an observational study (BRIAN2).

Introduction: Chest pain is one of the most common reasons for contacting the emergency medical services (EMS). It is difficult for EMS personnel to distinguish between patients suffering from a high-risk condition in need of prompt hospital care and patients suitable for non-conveyance. A vast majority of patients with chest pain are therefore transported to the emergency department (ED) for further investigation even if hospital care is not necessary.

Advancing a machine learning-based decision support tool for pre-hospital assessment of dyspnoea by emergency medical service clinicians: a retrospective observational study.

Background: In Sweden with about 10 million inhabitants, there are about one million primary ambulance missions every year. Among them, around 10% are assessed by Emergency Medical Service (EMS) clinicians with the primary symptom of dyspnoea. The risk of death among these patients has been reported to be remarkably high, at 11,1% and 13,2%.

Integration of physical and mental health services for children and young people with eating disorders and functional symptom disorders: discrete choice experiment.

Background: Given the increasing recognition of the value of greater integration of physical and mental health services for children and young people, we aimed to evaluate preferences among parents for the characteristics associated with integrated health service provision for two conditions (eating disorders, functional symptom disorders).

Methods: Two discrete choice experiments (DCEs) were conducted, using electronic surveys. Participants were adult parents of children and young people.

The prognostic significance of stress-phenotyping for stroke incidence: the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study.

Background: Self-reported mental stress is not consistently recognized as a risk factor for stroke. This prompted development of a novel algorithm for stress-phenotype indices to quantify chronic stress prevalence in relation to a modified stroke risk score in a South African cohort. The algorithm is based on biomarkers adrenocorticotrophic hormone, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-sensitive cardiac-troponin-T, and diastolic blood pressure which exemplifies the stress-ischemic-phenotype index.

Seropositivity and Associated Risk Factors in Pastoral Livestock System in Northeastern Ethiopia.

Brucellosis is a common zoonotic disease affecting livestock and humans globally. The disease is endemic in Ethiopian livestock. This study was conducted to estimate seropositivity and identify its risk factors in livestock, and practices that may expose pastoralists to the disease.

Molecular identification and antimicrobial resistance profiling of pathogenic E. coli isolates from smallholder livestock households in Central Ethiopia.

Escherichia coli of different pathotypes are frequently involved in morbidity and mortality in animals and humans. The study aimed to identify E. coli pathotypes and determine antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles in Ethiopian smallholder livestock households.

Edge mode resonance in the dark state by a finite beam.

We treat edge-mode resonance that may exist at boundaries of transversely finite beams illuminating a photonic lattice. The lattice is in the dark state signifying a perfect bound state in the continuum (BIC). The dark state is non-radiative in symmetric systems because lateral waves cannot couple to the lattice due to destructive interference between counter-propagating waves.

Development and validation of a gonadotropin dose selection model for optimized ovarian stimulation in IVF/ICSI: an individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: The ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation varies widely among women, and could impact the probability of live birth as well as treatment risks. Many studies have evaluated the impact of different gonadotropin starting doses, mainly based on predictive variables like ovarian reserve tests (ORT) including anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC), and basal follicle-stimulating hormone (bFSH). A Cochrane systematic review revealed that individualizing the gonadotropin starting dose does not affect efficacy in terms of ongoing pregnancy/live birth rates, but may reduce treatment risks such as the development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Blocking IL1RAP on cancer-associated fibroblasts in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma suppresses IL-1-induced neutrophil recruitment.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents a major clinical challenge due to its tumor microenvironment, which exhibits immune-suppressive properties that facilitate cancer progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Interleukin 1 (IL-1) signaling has been implicated as a driver in this process. Mechanistically, both IL-1α and IL-1β bind to the IL-1 receptor type 1, forming a complex with IL-1-receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP), which triggers downstream signaling pathways.

Traumatic Tension Pneumothorax: A Tale of Two Pathologies.

Pneumothorax resulting from injury is a common phenomenon in both civilian and military trauma. A pneumothorax or simple pneumothorax is defined as air in the pleural space. A tension pneumothorax can evolve from a simple pneumothorax if there is a continued air leak from the lung without mechanism for egress.

Cardiac biomarkers for detection of coronary artery disease in the community.

To investigate whether coronary artery disease (CAD) burden is associated with plasma levels of the myocardial biomarkers Troponin I (TropI) and NT-proBNP in a large population-based sample using a cross-sectional design. Coronary computerized tomography (CT) angiography was performed in 25,859 subjects without a history of atherosclerotic disease from SCAPIS study (age 50-65, 52% women). TropI and NT-proBNP were measured in plasma.

Impulsive Buying and Deferment of Gratification Among Adults With ADHD.

Background: Impulsivity symptoms have been studied thoroughly in adults with ADHD, including hasty actions and decisions without considering possible consequences. The objective of our study was to investigate impulsive buying and deferment of gratification among adults with ADHD and a comparison group.

Method: The participants were 225 adults with ADHD and 121 university students who completed the Buying Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), the Deferment of Gratification Questionnaire (DOGQ), the Adult ADHD Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-RS), as well as background questions.

Novel loci and biomedical consequences of iron homoeostasis variation.

Iron homoeostasis is tightly regulated, with hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) playing significant roles. However, the genetic determinants of these traits and the biomedical consequences of iron homoeostasis variation are unclear. In a meta-analysis of 12 cohorts involving 91,675 participants, we found 43 genomic loci associated with either hepcidin or sTfR concentration, of which 15 previously unreported.

Information access and COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy among foreign-born persons in Sweden - a focus group interview-study.

Background: In most countries, lower rates of COVID-19 vaccination have been observed in foreign-born individuals, yet little is known about the underlying reasons, especially as reported by these individuals themselves. This exploratory interview study investigated lack of information access and hesitancy towards taking the COVID-19 vaccine among foreign-born individuals in Sweden.

Methods: We used purposive sampling to recruit foreign-born adults who expressed being hesitant towards getting vaccinated, as well as health guides and doulas who were assigned to spread COVID-19 related information in immigrant-dense urban areas.

Pharmacological blocking of neutrophil extracellular traps attenuates immunothrombosis and neuroinflammation in cerebral cavernous malformation.

Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a neurovascular disease with symptoms such as strokes, hemorrhages and neurological deficits. With surgery being the only treatment strategy, understanding the molecular mechanisms of CCM is crucial in finding alternative therapeutic options for CCM. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were recently reported in CCM, and NETs were shown to have positive or negative effects in different disease contexts.

Clinical and non-clinical aspects of reimbursement policy for orphan drugs in selected European countries.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the reimbursement policy for orphan drugs (ODs) in selected European countries in relation to the availability and impact of clinical evidence, health technology assessment (HTA) procedures and reimbursement decision-making.

Materials And Methods: A list of authorized ODs was extracted from a web-based registry of the European Medicines Agency, including information on active substance, Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification code, and therapeutic area. A country-based questionnaire survey was conducted between September 2022 and September 2023 among selected experts from 12 European countries.