Thermal properties and surface reactivity in simulated body fluid of new strontium ion-containing phosphate glasses.

In this paper, we investigate the effect of SrO substitution for CaO in 50P₂O₅-10Na₂-(40-x)CaO-xSrO glass system (x from 0 to 40) on the thermal and structural properties and also on the glass reactivity in simulated body fluid (SBF) in order to find new glass candidates for biomedical glass fibers. The addition of SrO at the expense of CaO seems to restrain the leaching of phosphate ions in the solution limiting the reduction of the solution pH. We observed the formation of an apatite layer at the surface of the glasses when in contact with SBF.

Planar waveguides formed by Ag+-Na+ ion exchange in nonlinear optical glasses: diffusion and optical properties.

All-optical communication systems are the subject of intense research related to the integration of nonlinear optical materials. In sodiocalcic borophosphate glasses that contain niobium oxide and exhibit high nonlinear optical indices, planar waveguides have been formed by a Ag(+)-Na(+) ion-exchange technique. WKB analysis has been used to characterize the diffusion profiles of silver ions exchanged in glass substrate samples chemically by an electron microprobe technique and optically by an M-line technique.

[Quality of medicines in least developed countries].

Due to worsening economic conditions and poor enforcement of existing pharmaceutical and customs regulations, third world countries are faced with a growing threat from counterfeit and substandard medicines. With the expansion of illicit markets in urban areas, the sales of medicines of uncertain quality and origin are increasing. Most victims of this illicit trade are among the world's poorest populations that cannot afford to buy quality drugs through private-sector distribution channels.

[Access for all to quality drugs].

The implementation of essential drugs policies and widespread use of generic products in humanitarian programs has ensured access to medication for poverty-stricken populations. However rigorous drug selection according to origin is necessary to guarantee quality. A drug is more than a mixture of chemical components, it depends on a complex balance that can be affected by numerous factors.

[Spontaneous rupture of the esophagus (Boerhaave syndrome) in a patient with scleroderma treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis].

Esophageal involvement is a common situation found in 50 to 80% of patients with scleroderma, but Boerhaave's syndrome is rare in this context. The authors report the first case of spontaneous esophageal rupture occurring in a chronic renal failure patient treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. In this observation, sclerodermal esophageal dyskinesia, chronic renal failure which is a classical cause of vomiting and the peritoneal dialysis which play an increasing role in the intraabdominal pressure are potential contributing factors to Boerhave's syndrome.

The bronchial arteries: anatomic study and application to lung transplantation.

The bronchial arterial system (BAS) and its territory was studied in dissections of 40 fresh adult cadavers. The arterial distribution was assessed by catheterisation of the ostia and injection of contrast medium. The number of bronchial aa.

Anatomic basis of vascular distribution in combined removal of liver and pancreas (28.5.93).

Based on the study of the arterial distribution of 120 hepatic grafts removed from brain-dead patients, the authors assess the possibilities of vascular partition in cases of combined removal of the liver and pancreas. The discussion deals with the vascular distribution of each organ. The presence of a right hepatic artery arising from the superior mesenteric a.

[Conservative treatment of hepatic injuries. Management and course].

From January 1986 to June 1994, 252 cases of closed liver trauma were treated in an emergency setting. Non surgical conservative management, after a complete imaging work-up including CT scan in all cases, was applied in 142 cases (56.3%) with no hemodynamic complication.

[Estimation of liver volume as a function of the individual's morphology].

Computed tomography using transversal scanning, may be usefull in the determination of liver volume. The aim of this study is to evaluate this technique in living subjects and to determine a relationship between liver volume and morphological body surface area and other morphological criteria. In a series of 25 patients, liver volume was computed from the body surface area, using a mathematical function.

[Cockett's syndrome caused by an ectopic kidney. Apropos of two cases].

Two original cases of Cockett's syndrome caused by an ectopic and/or malformed kidney are reported. Intravenous pyelography and computed tomography allow establishing the diagnosis. The choice of the therapy depends on the patency of the left common iliac vein.

[Acute necrotizing enterocolitis in adults. Analysis of a homogeneous series of 12 cases. Review of the literature].

A retrospective study of 12 cases of Acute Necrotic Enterocolitis in adults is realized. The role of disease association, the diversity of clinical aspects encountered and the diagnostic value of metabolic acidosis are emphasized. In spite of early and aggressive surgery combined with intensive assisted visceral reanimation, mortality is higher than 60 p.

[Tuberculous uretero-hydronephrosis fistulized into an urinoma in a patient with arteritis and an aortic prosthesis].

One case of ureterohydronephrosis fistulized into an urinoma in a patient with an aortobifemoral prosthesis is reported. The analysis of the literature shows that this kind of expression is exceptional, both because of the location of the urinoma and of its tuberculous origin.

[Compressive thigh hematoma. Apropos of a case of fissured superficial femoral aneurysm in megadolicho-arteries. Review of the literature].

An original case of fissured superficial femoral aneurysm in a context of arteriomegaly is reported. The analysis of the literature emphasizes the great latency of the disease, and the very low frequency of rupture, especially in this site. The key test for follow-up of the disease is Doppler ultrasound.

[Spontaneous rupture of the spleen disclosing pheochromocytoma].

The authors report a case of spontaneous rupture of spleen inaugurating the symptomatology of a pheochromocytoma. After presenting the observation, clinical problems are considered with a deceptive abdominal symptomatology and myocardial ischemia that could be part of an "adrenergic myocarditis"; the mechanism of ruptured spleen is analyzed. The diagnosis approach is discussed through a reliability study of various explorations: computed tomography has a sensitivity ranging from 93 to 97% which approaches 100% when associated with magnetic resonance, methyl-iodo-benzyl-guanidine scanning seems to be provided with similar reliability.

Adventitial cysts of the popliteal artery.

Adventitial cysts of the popliteal artery are rare. Their pathogenesis is debated. In one of the two cases reported here, there was a communication between the arterial cyst and the articulation of the knee.

[Duodenopancreatic injuries. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations apropos of 25 cases].

A review of a homogeneous series of 25 cases of duodenopancreatic injuries emphasizes the serious nature of the lesions operated upon at the acute pancreatitis stage. An early diagnosis of these duodenopancreatic lesions is essential since they are often included in the context of multiple injuries. Principal diagnostic difficulties arise in lesions due to contusion without associated intra-abdominal injuries.

[CY 222, a very low molecular weight heparin, in the curative treatment of deep venous thrombosis. Apropos of 95 cases. Clinical and phlebographic results].

Efficacy of a very low molecular weight heparin, CY 222, in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs was evaluated in a prospective clinical trial instituted in November 1984. CY 222 was administered as subcutaneous injections of 0.03 ml.

Quantitative, histological and ultrastructural studies of peripheral nerve in arteriosclerotic non-diabetic patients.

The superficial peroneal nerve was taken from 12 arteriosclerotic non-diabetic patients just after amputation of a leg. Preparations of teased fibers were performed in 8 cases. Specimens were studied by light and electron microscopy in all cases.

Morphologic and functional anatomy of the subclavian veins.

50 jugulo-subclavian venous junctions were removed to study the endovenous structures of the subclavian vein and of this junction. The diameter of the subclavian vein is always less than that of the internal jugular vein. Valvules were constantly found, whereas endovenous structures such as those found in the ilio-caval junctions were very rare.

[Traumatic hepaticoportal fistula. Apropos of a case].

A case of post-traumatic hepaticoportal arteriovenous fistula between common hepatic artery and portal vein is reported. This localization of the lesion is exceptional, and early, marked clinical manifestations allow rapid diagnosis and treatment before the development of a portal hypertension.

[Giant diverticulum of the sigmoid colon. A rare complication of colonic diverticulosis. Review of the literature apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of giant diverticulum of the sigmoid colon, a very rare complication of diverticulosis of the colon, since only 38 cases have been reported in the literature. The diverticulum was seen at barium enema in a 66-year-old man complaining of digestive symptoms consisting of lower abdominal pain, tenesmus, diarrhea and fever. Segmental resection of the sigmoid colon including the site of implantation of the diverticulum with end-to-end anastomosis at the same operative stage led to definitive cure.