Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) and Its Association with Donepezil Restore Cognitive Impairment, Suppress Oxidative Stress and Pro-inflammatory Responses, and Improve Purinergic Signaling in a Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia Model in Mice.

Purinergic signaling plays a major role in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, which are associated with memory decline. Blackcurrant (BC), an anthocyanin-rich berry, is renowned for its antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. However, evidence on the effects of BC on purinergic signaling is lacking.

Mortality patterns and recovery challenges in Millepora alcicornis after mass bleaching event on Northeast Brazilian reefs.

Coral reefs are suffering globally from the increased frequency and intensification of thermal anomalies, caused by anthropogenic climate change, leading to major mass bleaching events over the past three decades. Environmental factors, including temperature, geomorphology, interspecific competition, protection status and local settings, can modulate the severity of bleaching and the subsequent survival capacity of corals and hydrocorals after mass bleaching events. However, the complexity of environmental factors interacting over fine-scale spatial-temporal scales is still a major gap in understanding coral bleaching events of South Atlantic reefs.

Assessment of extracellular polymeric substances production and antioxidant defences in periphytic communities exposed to effluent contaminants.

Periphyton is frequently used in the evaluation of the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems using diatoms as a proxy. However, periphyton has a particularity, the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which might play a protective role against exposure to harmful environmental contaminants. Effluents originating in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) constitute some of the most complex mixtures of contaminants, to which aquatic ecosystems are frequently exposed, often containing tens to hundreds of different chemicals.

Rootstock selection for 'Swatow' Mandarin trees grown at different locations throughout the Brazilian subtropics.

Evaluating citrus rootstocks is of paramount importance in determining their suitability for a certain region and promoting resilience in orchards by increasing the genetic pool, thereby potentially contributing to a more strategic establishment of new plantings. This long-term field study (2000-2013) aimed to evaluate different rootstocks for 'Swatow' mandarin grown at two locations (Paranavaí and Londrina) in the Brazilian subtropics. Nine rootstocks were evaluated, including 'Rangpur' lime, 'Swingle' citrumelo, 'Volkamer' lemon, 'Caipira DAC' sweet orange, 'Cleopatra' and 'Sunki' mandarins, 'Trifoliate' orange, 'Carrizo', and 'Fepagro C-13' citranges.

[Adherence to chest physiotherapy in adults with cystic fibrosis].

Introduction: Chest-physiotherapy is a key element in treatment of cystic fibrosis and patient adherence is a major issue in global cystic fibrosis care. This study aims to assess adherence to chest physiotherapy in adults with cystic fibrosis who not treated with tritherapy and to analyze the impact of certain factors on adherence.

Methods: Thus is a cross-sectional study, conducted using a questionnaire and a physiotherapy evaluation.

Potential effects of the discharge of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents in benthic communities: evidence from three distinct WWTP systems.

Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents can be sources of environmental contamination. In this study, we aimed to understand whether effluents of three different WWTPs may have ecological effects in riverine recipient ecosystems. To achieve this, we assessed benthic phytobenthos and macroinvertebrate communities at three different locations relative to the effluent discharge: immediately upstream, immediately downstream and 500-m downstream the effluent discharge.

Monitoring the phenology of plant pathogenic fungi: why and how?

Phenology is a key adaptive trait of organisms, shaping biotic interactions in response to the environment. It has emerged as a critical topic with implications for societal and economic concerns due to the effects of climate change on species' phenological patterns. Fungi play essential roles in ecosystems, and plant pathogenic fungi have significant impacts on global food security.

A landscape-scale field survey demonstrates the role of wheat volunteers as a local and diversified source of leaf rust inoculum.

Deploying disease-resistant cultivars is one of the most effective control strategies to manage crop diseases such as wheat leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina. After harvest, this biotrophic fungal pathogen can survive on wheat volunteers present at landscape scale and constitute a local source of primary inoculum for the next cropping season. In this study, we characterised the diversity of P.

Combined nonsurgical and implant restoration after dental trauma: a case report.

Dentoalveolar trauma is an important etiologic factor for tooth loss. A multidisciplinary approach to treatment is necessary because the functional, esthetic, and psychosocial problems that result from dentoalveolar trauma can significantly influence the patient's quality of life. The objective of this article is to describe the multidisciplinary treatment of a 39-year-old man who experienced dentoalveolar trauma in a bicycle accident.

Use of recombinant S1 protein with hFc for analysis of SARS-CoV-2 adsorption and evaluation of drugs that inhibit entry into VERO E6 cells.

The significant number of deaths and infection caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has created an urgent demand for effective and readily available drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. However, the requirements for biosafety level 3 (NB-3) laboratories for experiments with the virus has made it very challenging for such research to meet this demand. It is known that angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), located on the surface of host cells, serves as the viral receptor for the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2.

Volumetric changes and clinical trajectories in Parkinson's disease: a prospective multicentric study.

Background: Longitudinal measures of structural brain changes using MRI in relation to clinical features and progression patterns in PD have been assessed in previous studies, but few were conducted in well-defined and large cohorts, including prospective clinical assessments of both motor and non-motor symptoms.

Objective: We aimed to identify brain volumetric changes characterizing PD patients, and determine whether regional brain volumetric characteristics at baseline can predict motor, psycho-behavioral and cognitive evolution at one year in a prospective cohort of PD patients.

Methods: In this multicentric 1 year longitudinal study, PD patients and healthy controls from the MPI-R2* cohort were assessed for demographical, clinical and brain volumetric characteristics.

Evaluation of a battery of biotests to improve waste ecotoxicity assessment (HP 14), using incineration bottom ash as a case study.

The assessment of waste ecotoxicity (hazardous property HP14 in the European Union) is fundamental for proper waste classification and safe application/disposal. Biotests are relevant for evaluating waste complex matrices, but their efficiency is crucial to encourage their adoption at the industrial level. This work aims at evaluating possibilities of improving the efficiency of a biotest battery previously suggested in the literature, regarding test selection, duration, and/or laboratory resources optimization.

Efficacy and safety of clonidine for the treatment of impulse control disorder in Parkinson's disease: a multicenter, parallel, randomised, double-blind, Phase 2b Clinical trial.

Background: Impulse control disorders (ICDs) are frequently encountered in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objectives: We aimed to assess whether clonidine, an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, would improve ICDs.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre trial in five movement disorder departments.

Psychobehavioural profile in narcolepsy type 1 with and without REM sleep behaviour disorder.

REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is common in narcolepsy type 1 (NT1). Abnormalities in the reward system have been observed in NT1, possibly related to impaired orexin projections towards the mesolimbic reward system, but also in RBD when associated with Parkinson's disease. Our study aimed to explore the psychobehavioural profile of NT1 patients with and without RBD compared with healthy controls (HC).

[Monitoring of heparinization in cardiac surgery with ACT: accreditation of the point-of-care test in the Bordeaux University Hospital Centre].

ACT (Activated Clotting Time) is a point of care test (POCT) on whole blood, used to monitor the heparinization of patients in the operating room in cardiac surgery (ExtraCorporeal Circulation ECC) and in interventional cardiology (TAVI, AF ablation). The ACT is concerned both by the ISO 22 870 standard and French regulations regarding POCT. We performed an important work at the Bordeaux CHU on its accreditation, by rationalizing and making the park uniform (11 HemochronTM Signature Elite), standardizing the training and the habilitation of operators in medical units, introducing periodic quality controls, centralizing in the laboratory the management of the devices and reagents and by connecting it to the laboratory's computer system (Middleware, SIL et expert softwares).

Severity of REM sleep without atonia correlates with measures of cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms in REM sleep behaviour disorder.

This study aimed to correlate REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) and neuropsychological data in patients with idiopathic/isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD) and those with RBD associated with Parkinson's disease (PDRBD), in order to assess whether higher degrees of RSWA are related to poorer cognitive performance. A total of 142 subjects were enrolled: 48 with iRBD, 55 with PDRBD, and 39 PD without RBD (PDnoRBD). All participants underwent video-polysomnographic recording, clinical and neuropsychological assessment.

Correction of the urinary testosterone to epitestosterone ratio measurement in antidoping analyses by chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques.

The ratio of testosterone (T) to epitestosterone (E) determined in urine samples is the main biomarker used to prove T and precursors abused by athletes. Analytically, the correction of the ratio is required by the World Anti-Doping Agency. This work describes a series of experiments aimed to study when it is appropriate to correct the T/E ratio value, using different mass spectrometric techniques since only reports on GC-MS exist.

Intrasubject subcortical quantitative referencing to boost MRI sensitivity to Parkinson's disease.

Several postmortem studies have shown iron accumulation in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease patients. Iron concentration can be estimated via MRI-R mapping. To assess the changes in R occurring in Parkinson's disease patients compared to controls, a multicentre transversal study was carried out on a large cohort of Parkinson's disease patients (n = 163) with matched controls (n = 82).

Multiple scenarios for sexual crosses in the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici on wheat residues: Potential consequences for virulence gene transmission.

Little is known about the impact of host immunity on sexual reproduction in fungal pathogens. In particular, it is unclear whether crossing requires both sexual partners to infect living plant tissues. We addressed this issue in a three-year experiment investigating different scenarios of Zymoseptoria tritici crosses according to the virulence ('vir') or avirulence ('avr') of the parents against a qualitative resistance gene.

Superoxide-imbalance Pharmacologically Induced by Rotenone Triggers Behavioral, Neural, and Inflammatory Alterations in the Eisenia fetida Earthworm.

Background: Some studies have suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction and a superoxide imbalance could increase susceptibility to chronic stressful events, contributing to the establishment of chronic inflammation and the development of mood disorders. The mitochondrial superoxide imbalance induced by some molecules, such as rotenone, could be evolutionarily conserved, causing behavioral, immune, and neurological alterations in animals with a primitive central nervous system.

Objective: Behavioral, immune, and histological markers were analyzed in Eisenia fetida earthworms chronically exposed to rotenone for 14 days.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Latinx Populations in the United States: A Culturally Relevant Literature Review.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects a large number of the American population. When compared to their representation in the general American population, a disproportionate number of Latinx individuals are affected. Within the Latinx American population, T2DM prevalence rates vary among individuals based on their country of origin.

Decision making under uncertainty in Parkinson's disease with Rem sleep behavior disorder.

Background: REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is associated with an increased risk to develop Impulse control disorders (ICDs) in Parkinson's disease (PD), however the mechanisms underlying this putative association are still poorly understood. Decision-making impairment, one major neuro-psychological dimension that may lead to ICDs, has been reported in idiopathic RBD, but has never been assessed in RBD associated with PD.

Objective: We aimed to assess decision-making abilities under ambiguous situations associated with the presence of RBD in PD patients.

Peer-Assisted Learning (PAL): Perceptions and Wellness of First-Year Medical Students.

Introduction: Medical education is oftentimes stressful and has been documented to compromise student well-being, hinder performance, and contribute to burnout. Many medical schools aim to foster students' sense of well-being. This can be accomplished by peer-assisted learning (PAL), which has the potential to improve student wellness and performance in medical school.

Spatiotemporal Changes in Varietal Resistance to Wheat Yellow Rust in France Reveal an Increase in Field Resistance Level During the Period 1985-2018.

Monitoring spatiotemporal changes in varietal resistance and understanding its drivers seem essential to managing plant diseases but require having access to the genetic basis of disease resistance and to its deployment. In this study, we focused on yellow rust ( f. sp.