Swiss Consensus on Prenatal and Early Postnatal Urinary Tract Dilation: Practical Approach and When to Refer.

Urinary tract dilations (UTDs) are the most frequent prenatal renal anomaly. The spectrum of etiologies causing UTD ranges from mild spontaneously resolving obstruction to severe upper and lower urinary tract obstruction or reflux. The early recognition and management of these anomalies allows for improved renal endowment prenatally and ultimately better outcome for the child.

Impact of a guaranteed access program to imatinib on the survival of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.

Purpose: This work aimed to evaluate the impact of a guaranteed access program to imatinib on the survival of patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective, observational, and analytical study of the database of patients diagnosed with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia of the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología and the Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo to assess overall survival based on guaranteed access or not to imatinib.

Comparison of Pathologist and Artificial Intelligence-based Grading for Prediction of Metastatic Outcomes After Radical Prostatectomy.

Gleason grade group (GG) is the most powerful prognostic variable in localized prostate cancer; however, interobserver variability remains a challenge. Artificial intelligence algorithms applied to histopathologic images standardize grading, but most have been tested only for agreement with pathologist GG, without assessment of performance with respect to oncologic outcomes. We compared deep learning-based and pathologist-based GGs for an association with metastatic outcome in three surgical cohorts comprising 777 unique patients.

Pearls & Oy-sters: A Challenging Optic Neuropathy-What Not to Miss in Optic Nerve Sheath Enhancement.

Optic neuropathies include a wide range of disorders from ischemic, toxic, demyelinating, or inflammatory processes with acute/subacute onset to more gradual compressive or genetic etiologies. Accurate clinical history and multimodality optic nerve imaging including MRI and optical coherence tomography have greatly improved the diagnosis of patients with optic neuropathies. We report a case of a woman with severe monocular visual acuity deficit.

Comparison of Multiple Segmentation Methods for Volumetric Delineation of Primary Prostate Cancer with Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Targeted F-DCFPyL PET/CT.

This study aimed to assess the accuracy of intraprostatic tumor volume measurements on prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted F-DCFPyL PET/CT made with various segmentation methods. An accurate understanding of tumor volumes versus segmentation techniques is critical for therapy planning, such as radiation dose volume determination and response assessment. Twenty-five men with clinically localized, high-risk prostate cancer were imaged with F-DCFPyL PET/CT before radical prostatectomy.

Anti-angiogenic effects of oleacein and oleocanthal: New bioactivities of compounds from Extra Virgin Olive Oil.

Phenolic compounds play a key role in the health benefits of Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO). Among these molecules, the focus has been recently put on (-)-oleocanthal and (-)-oleacein, for which anti-cancer and angiogenesis-related findings have been reported. Here, we explored the modulatory action of (-)-oleocanthal and (-)-oleacein on angiogenesis, the process by which new vessels are created from pre-existent ones, which is directly linked to tumor progression and other pathological conditions.

Trans-scrotal treatment of giant bilateral abdominoscrotal hydroceles in a 7-month-old boy.

Abdominoscrotal hydrocele (ASH) is a rare condition characterized by a large scrotal and abdominal fluid-filled sac. An inguinal surgical approach is generally described in literature. We report the case of a 7-month-old child who underwent surgical repair of bilateral ASH through bilateral transverse scrotal incisions.

Predicting Prostate Cancer Molecular Subtype With Deep Learning on Histopathologic Images.

Microscopic examination of prostate cancer has failed to reveal a reproducible association between molecular and morphologic features. However, deep-learning algorithms trained on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained whole slide images (WSI) may outperform the human eye and help to screen for clinically-relevant genomic alterations. We created deep-learning algorithms to identify prostate tumors with underlying ETS-related gene (ERG) fusions or PTEN deletions using the following 4 stages: (1) automated tumor identification, (2) feature representation learning, (3) classification, and (4) explainability map generation.

Danthron, an Anthraquinone Isolated from a Marine Fungus, Is a New Inhibitor of Angiogenesis Exhibiting Interesting Antitumor and Antioxidant Properties.

The role played by a sustained angiogenesis in cancer and other diseases stimulates the interest in the search for new antiangiogenic drugs. In this manuscript, we provide evidence that 1,8- dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (danthron), isolated from the fermentation broth of the marine fungus sp. (HL-114-33-R04), is a new inhibitor of angiogenesis.

Towards the definition of WEEE recycling targets in Ecuador. A case of study for mobile phones.

The rise of consumption patterns of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) and the generation of waste EEE (WEEE) has been strongly increasing globally. Recycling rates (RRs) are one of the main indicators for monitoring the progress towards a circular economy and establishing recovery and treatment schemes. For this reason, this study discusses the setting of recycling targets for WEEE in Ecuador, using mobile phones as a case study.

The Immunomodulator Dimethyl Itaconate Inhibits Several Key Steps of Angiogenesis in Cultured Endothelial Cells.

The dimethyl derivative of the immunomodulator itaconate has been previously shown to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and immunomodulatory effects. In the present work, we evaluate the potential of dimethyl itaconate as an anti-angiogenic compound by using cultured endothelial cells and several in vitro assays that simulate key steps of the angiogenic process, including endothelial cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tube formation. Our results show that dimethyl itaconate interferes with all the previously mentioned steps of the angiogenic process, suggesting that dimethyl itaconate behaves as an anti-angiogenic compound.

The synthetic molecule stauprimide impairs cell growth and migration in triple-negative breast cancer.

Stauprimide, a semi-synthetic derivative of staurosporine, is known mainly for its potent differentiation-enhancing properties in embryonic stem cells. Here, we studied the effects of stauprimide in cell growth and migration of triple-negative breast cancer cells in vitro, evaluating its potential antitumoral activity in an orthotopic mouse model of breast cancer in vivo. Our results from survival curves, EdU incorporation, cell cycle analysis and annexin-V detection in MDA-MB-231 cells indicated that stauprimide inhibited cell proliferation, arresting cell cycle in G/M without induction of apoptosis.

The Sponge-Derived Brominated Compound Aeroplysinin-1 Impairs the Endothelial Inflammatory Response through Inhibition of the NF-κB Pathway.

(+)-Aeroplysinin-1 (Apl-1) is a brominated compound isolated from the marine sponge that exhibits pleiotropic bioactive effects, impairing cell growth in cancer cells, inhibiting angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo and modulating the redox status of different cell types, among other reported activities. In addition to the aforementioned effects, the anti-inflammatory potential of this natural compound was explored in previous work of our laboratory, but the mechanism of action underlying this effect was not described. In this work, we delve into the anti-inflammatory effect of Apl-1 in the context of vascular endothelial cells in vitro, providing new data regarding the molecular mechanism underlying this activity.

Testicular tissue cryopreservation for fertility preservation in prepubertal and adolescent boys: A 6 year experience from a Swiss multi-center network.

Testicular tissue cryopreservation is the only option of fertility preservation in prepubertal boys. While it is considered experimental, since procedures to obtain mature spermatozoa from prepubertal testicular tissue are still under development, testicular tissue cryopreservation programs have emerged worldwide. Our aim was to study the feasibility and safety of a program of testicular tissue cryopreservation in prepubertal and adolescent boys facing gonadotoxic treatment in three University hospitals in Switzerland.

Cell Cycle Progression Score, but Not Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Loss, Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Metastasis in Intermediate- and High-risk Prostate Cancer in Men Treated With and Without Salvage Radiotherapy.

Purpose: The prognostic value for metastasis of the cell-cycle progression score and phosphatase and tensin homolog haven't been evaluated jointly in contemporary men with exclusively intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer. We evaluated associations of cell-cycle progression and phosphatase and tensin homolog with metastasis-free survival in contemporary intermediate/high-risk prostate cancer patients overall, and intermediate/high-risk men receiving salvage radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: In a case-cohort of 209 prostatectomy patients with intermediate/high-risk prostate cancer, and a cohort of 172 such men who received salvage radiotherapy, cell-cycle progression score was calculated from RNA expression, and phosphatase and tensin homolog was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.

Sensitization to Vitis vinifera Pollen in a Wine Production Area: Identification of the Allergens Involved.

Background: Vine cultivation is widely distributed in La Rioja, Spain (37% of all crops) and is associated with exposure of the general population to vine pollen. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of sensitization to Vitis vinifera pollen in persons with respiratory allergy in the general population and to identify the allergens involved.

Materials And Methods: The study population comprised patients who came to the hospital between September 2019 and January 2020 with suspected respiratory allergy.

Localization of macrophage subtypes and neutrophils in the prostate tumor microenvironment and their association with prostate cancer racial disparities.

Background: Black men are two to three times more likely to die from prostate cancer (PCa) than White men. This disparity is due in part to discrepancies in socioeconomic status and access to quality care. Studies also suggest that differences in the prevalence of innate immune cells and heightened function in the tumor microenvironment of Black men may promote PCa aggressiveness.

Architectures of contemporary digital platforms in education: analysis of exclusion processes.

The Internet is a wide, open and dynamic ecosystem of digital platforms where people and technologies contribute to the creation and consumption of digital information. The convergence of the Internet and the accelerated change of technological innovation have been the engines of society and its development, and all this has caused transformations in the social, economic and educational context. In this context, this work analyzes contemporary digital platform architectures and their influence on the processes of educational exclusion.

Histopathological and virological features of lung, heart and liver percutaneous tissue core biopsy in patients with COVID-19: A clinicopathological case series.

Introduction: Data on pathological changes in COVID-19 are scarce. The aim of this study was to describe the histopathological and virological findings of postmortem biopsies, and the existing clinical correlations, in people who died of COVID-19.

Materials And Methods: We performed postmortem needle core biopsies of the chest in 11 people who died of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Multiplex immunohistochemical phenotyping of T cells in primary prostate cancer.

Background: Most prostate cancers are "immune cold" and poorly responsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, the mechanisms responsible for the lack of a robust antitumor adaptive immune response in the prostate are poorly understood, which hinders the development of novel immunotherapeutic approaches.

Aims: Most inflammatory infiltrates in the prostate are centered around benign glands and stroma, which can confound the molecular characterization of the antitumor immune response.

GPNMB expression identifies TSC1/2/mTOR-associated and MiT family translocation-driven renal neoplasms.

GPNMB (glycoprotein nonmetastatic B) and other TFE3/TFEB transcriptional targets have been proposed as markers for microphthalmia (MiT) translocation renal cell carcinomas (tRCCs). We recently demonstrated that constitutive mTORC1 activation via TSC1/2 loss leads to increased activity of TFE3/TFEB, suggesting that the pathogenesis and molecular markers for tRCCs and TSC1/2-associated tumors may be overlapping. We examined GPNMB expression in human kidney and angiomyolipoma (AML) cell lines with TSC2 and/or TFE3/TFEB loss produced using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing as well as in a mouse model of Tsc2 inactivation-driven renal tumorigenesis.