Pregnancy prevention and contraceptive preferences of online sex workers in the UK.

The internet has changed the organisation of sex work. The risk of sexually transmitted infections has frequently been a research focus, but less is known about sex workers' use of contraception for pregnancy prevention. The aim of this research was to gain a better understanding of contraceptive preferences and provider interactions of online sex workers.

Diet, physical activity and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obese children from the age of 6 to 11 years.

Background: Child and adolescent overweight and obesity has increased globally, and can be associated with significant short- and long-term health consequences. This is an update of a Cochrane review published first in 2003, and updated previously in 2009. However, the update has now been split into six reviews addressing different childhood obesity treatments at different ages.

WITHDRAWN: Dietary advice for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults.

Review status was set to withdrawn. The review is out of date and does not meet current Cochrane standards. It will be superseded by a new expanding Cochrane review on 'Diet, physical activity or both for the prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in persons at increased risk'.

Surgical versus non-surgical interventions in people with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine. While AIS can progress during growth and cause a surface deformity, it is usually not symptomatic. However, if the final spinal curvature surpasses a certain critical threshold, the risk of health problems and curve progression is increased.

Selecting the most appropriate inferential statistical test for your quantitative research study.

Aims And Objectives: To discuss the issues and processes relating to the selection of the most appropriate statistical test. A review of the basic research concepts together with a number of clinical scenarios is used to illustrate this.

Background: Quantitative nursing research generally features the use of empirical data which necessitates the selection of both descriptive and statistical tests.

The impact of chronically diseased coronary arteries and stenting on the corrected TIMI frame count in elective coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention procedures.

Unlabelled: The impact of chronic coronary obstructions on resting blood flow in stable cardiac patients and the response to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using the TIMI frame count method has not been well documented. We studied the impact of coronary artery stenosis severity on the corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC) in chronically stenosed coronary arteries. We prospectively and quantitatively determined the impact of stenting on the cTFC during elective PCI.

Impact of catheter sizes and intracoronary glyceryl trinitrate on the TIMI frame count when digital angiograms are acquired at lower frame rates during elective angiography and PCI.

Unlabelled: The TIMI frame count (TFC) is a useful measure of coronary flow. To be widely applicable, the effect of different catheter sizes and the use of intracoronary glyceryl trinitrate (ICGTN) must be determined when films are acquired at lower acquisition rates (12.5 frames/s, f/s).

Intra-aortic counterpulsation does not improve coronary flow early after PCI in a high-risk group of patients: observations from a randomized trial to explore its mode of action.

Unlabelled: The intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is the most commonly used temporary cardiac assist device. The precise role and the mechanism of any benefit in high-risk patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have not been fully determined. We hypothesized that the use of an IABP following PCI in high-risk non-shocked patients would immediately increase coronary blood flow, tissue perfusion and hence preserve left ventricular function.

A randomized trial of prophylactic antiarrhythmic agents (amiodarone and sotalol) in patients with atrial fibrillation for whom direct current cardioversion is planned.

Unlabelled: Antiarrhythmic agents enhance maintenance of sinus rhythm (SR) after direct current cardioversion (DCC) for atrial fibrillation but there are few comparative trials.

Background: The aims of the study were (1) to establish whether patients successfully cardioverted to SR are more likely to stay in SR over 6 months if taking amiodarone or sotalol, and if so, to establish whether one agent is better than the other; (2) to establish whether taking amiodarone or sotalol is better at achieving chemical cardioversion within the 6 weeks before DCC; and (3) to establish whether DCC is more likely to be successful on a drug.

Methods: Randomized, prospective, nonblinded, controlled study of treatment with either amiodarone (n = 27), sotalol (n = 36), or no antiarrhythmic agent (n = 31).