Hyperglycemia from Diabetes Potentiates Uncarboxylated Osteocalcin-Stimulated Insulin Secretion in Rat INS-1 Pancreatic β-Cells.

Uncarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) is a hormone secreted by osteoblasts that strengthens bone during mineralization and is a biomarker for ongoing bone formation. It also regulates glucose homeostasis by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. However, its effect on β-cells under hyperglycemic diabetic conditions is unclear.