Large-scale meta-genome-wide association study reveals common genetic factors linked to radiation-induced acute toxicities across cancer types.

Background: This study was designed to identify common genetic susceptibility and shared genetic variants associated with acute radiation-induced toxicity across 4 cancer types (prostate, head and neck, breast, and lung).

Methods: A genome-wide association study meta-analysis was performed using 19 cohorts totaling 12 042 patients. Acute standardized total average toxicity (STATacute) was modelled using a generalized linear regression model for additive effect of genetic variants, adjusted for demographic and clinical covariates (rSTATacute).

Contouring variation affects estimates of normal tissue complication probability for breast fibrosis after radiotherapy.

Background: Normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models can be useful to estimate the risk of fibrosis after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and radiotherapy (RT) to the breast. However, they are subject to uncertainties. We present the impact of contouring variation on the prediction of fibrosis.

Comparison of prone and supine positioning for breast cancer radiotherapy using REQUITE data: dosimetry, acute and two years physician and patient-reported outcomes.

Objective: Most patients receive whole breast radiotherapy in a supine position. However, two randomised trials showed lower acute toxicity in prone position. Furthermore, in most patients, prone positioning reduced doses to the organs at risk.

Genome-wide association study of treatment-related toxicity two years following radiotherapy for breast cancer.

Background And Purpose: Up to a quarter of breast cancer patients treated by surgery and radiotherapy experience clinically significant toxicity. If patients at high risk of adverse effects could be identified at diagnosis, their treatment could be tailored accordingly. This study was designed to identify common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with toxicity two years following whole breast radiotherapy.

(Pre)treatment risk factors for late fatigue and fatigue trajectories following radiotherapy for breast cancer.

Fatigue is common in breast-cancer survivors. Our study assessed fatigue longitudinally in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and aimed to identify risk factors associated with long-term fatigue and underlying fatigue trajectories. Fatigue was measured in a prospective multicenter cohort (REQUITE) using the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) and analyzed using mixed models.

Treatment time and circadian genotype interact to influence radiotherapy side-effects. A prospective European validation study using the REQUITE cohort.

Background: Circadian rhythm impacts broad biological processes, including response to cancer treatment. Evidence conflicts on whether treatment time affects risk of radiotherapy side-effects, likely because of differing time analyses and target tissues. We previously showed interactive effects of time and genotypes of circadian genes on late toxicity after breast radiotherapy and aimed to validate those results in a multi-centre cohort.

Development and Optimization of a Machine-Learning Prediction Model for Acute Desquamation After Breast Radiation Therapy in the Multicenter REQUITE Cohort.

Purpose: Some patients with breast cancer treated by surgery and radiation therapy experience clinically significant toxicity, which may adversely affect cosmesis and quality of life. There is a paucity of validated clinical prediction models for radiation toxicity. We used machine learning (ML) algorithms to develop and optimise a clinical prediction model for acute breast desquamation after whole breast external beam radiation therapy in the prospective multicenter REQUITE cohort study.

Workplace violence among Registered Nurses in Saudi Arabia: A qualitative study.

Aim: The primary aim of this qualitative inquiry is to explore the experiences of Registered Nurses working in Saudi Arabia, which was a guide to answer the question, "what are the lived experiences of Registered Nurses working in a selected government hospital in Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia towards workplace violence?"

Background: Workplace violence is a social phenomenon that needs a widespread campaign to eradicate. Incidence from all over the world continues to grow in number, especially among Registered Nurses in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Descriptive phenomenology.

High Plasticity of Multi-Drug Resistant ST258 .

Carbapenemase production in Enterobacterales clinical isolates is a global threat. Multi-drug resistant harboring carbapenemases are a major concern among the hospital settings in Latin America. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic relatedness between three isolates of recovered from one patient in the same bacteriological round on the same day, which exhibited different susceptibility profiles to carbapenems (CP) and to colistin (Col).

External Validation of a Predictive Model for Acute Skin Radiation Toxicity in the REQUITE Breast Cohort.

Acute skin toxicity is a common and usually transient side-effect of breast radiotherapy although, if sufficiently severe, it can affect breast cosmesis, aftercare costs and the patient's quality-of-life. The aim of this study was to develop predictive models for acute skin toxicity using published risk factors and externally validate the models in patients recruited into the prospective multi-center REQUITE (validating pREdictive models and biomarkers of radiotherapy toxicity to reduce side-effects and improve QUalITy of lifE in cancer survivors) study. Patient and treatment-related risk factors significantly associated with acute breast radiation toxicity on multivariate analysis were identified in the literature.

Radiation therapy for bone-only metastases in breast cancer patients: A GOCO survey of current clinical practice.

Introduction: The role of radiation therapy (RT) for patients with bone-only metastatic (BOM) breast cancer has not been investigated sufficiently. The aim of this survey was to evaluate current clinical practice in treating breast cancer patients with BOM in Radiation Therapy Departments in Catalonia and Occitania within the scope of the GOCO group.

Materials And Methods: An electronic questionnaire was completed by experienced radiation oncologists from fourteen RT centers.

Palbociclib and ribociclib in breast cancer: consensus workshop on the management of concomitant medication.

Drug-drug interactions are of significant concern in clinical practice in oncology, particularly in patients receiving Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors, which are typically exposed to long-term regimens. This article presents the highlights from the 'First Workshop on Pharmacology and Management of CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Consensus about Concomitant Medications'. The article is structured into two modules.

REQUITE: A prospective multicentre cohort study of patients undergoing radiotherapy for breast, lung or prostate cancer.

Purpose: REQUITE aimed to establish a resource for multi-national validation of models and biomarkers that predict risk of late toxicity following radiotherapy. The purpose of this article is to provide summary descriptive data.

Methods: An international, prospective cohort study recruited cancer patients in 26 hospitals in eight countries between April 2014 and March 2017.

Understanding variations in the use of hypofractionated radiotherapy and its specific indications for breast cancer: A mixed-methods study.

Background And Purpose: Radiation oncology guidelines favour hypofractionated whole-breast radiotherapy (HWBRT) over more conventional schemes in the conservative treatment of breast cancer, but its adoption still varies in clinical practice. This study assessed the patterns of HWBRT adoption in Catalonia (Spain).

Material And Methods: We used a mixed-methods approach based on an explanatory sequential design, first collecting and analysing quantitative data on HWBRT use (>2.

Effectiveness of radiotherapy for metastatic spinal cord compression in patients with short life expectancy.

Aim: To analyze the effect of radiotherapy (RT) in patients with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) and poor prognosis in our center.

Background: RT is an effective treatment for MSCC.

Materials And Methods: Prospective evaluation on patients with MSCC and limited survival (according to Rades' scale), and treated with single-dose 8 Gy RT (February 2013-August 2014).

Detection of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer recurrence may change adjuvant treatment decision in patients with breast cancer recurrence and previous axillary surgery.

Use of sentinel lymph node dissection in patients with ipsilateral breast cancer recurrence is still controversial. The objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of the sentinel lymph node in breast cancer recurrence (SLNBR) and whether the positivity had impact in the adjuvant treatment. Between 2008 and 2012 we performed SLNBR in patients with ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence.

Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor and cyclooxygenase-2 in patients with rectal cancer treated with preoperative radiotherapy.

Purpose: To analyze the prognostic value of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with preoperative radiotherapy.

Methods: Eighty-one patients with locally advanced rectal cancer were studied. All patients received preoperative pelvic radiotherapy.

Hepatic iron overload in alcoholic end-stage liver disease is associated with iron deposition in other organs in the absence of HFE-1 hemochromatosis.

Background: End-stage cirrhosis in the absence of hereditary hemochromatosis (HHC) can be associated with moderate to marked hepatic iron overload, especially in liver disease as a result of alcohol and/or hepatitis C. However, no published studies have addressed extrahepatic iron deposition in this setting.

Method: A retrospective case series from three autopsied patients who died from end-stage cirrhosis associated with significant hepatic iron overload.

Pseudomembranous collagenous colitis.

The classic clinical and histologic features of collagenous colitis are well characterized; however, the acute or neutrophilic inflammatory changes that may accompany this entity are less well established. In this report of 10 patients, we describe the first series of pseudomembranous collagenous colitis. Because superimposed Clostridium difficile infection was only demonstrated in one patient and no other causes of pseudomembranous colitis were evident in the remaining nine patients, we conclude that pseudomembranes are part of the spectrum of collagenous colitis itself.

Histologic features of reflux-attributed laryngeal lesions.

The purpose of this study was to compare the histologic appearance of the normal larynx and the larynx presumably affected by reflux. A secondary objective was to determine the safety of performing laryngeal biopsies. Biopsy specimens from the interarytenoid area of 15 patients with reflux laryngitis were compared with specimens from 9 control subjects.

Laryngeal and other otolaryngologic manifestations of Crohn's disease.

Laryngeal and other otolaryngologic manifestations of Crohn's disease are uncommon and may be subtle. Crohn's disease is a well-known inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology marked by relapsing and remitting granulomatous inflammation of the alimentary tract. Extraintestinal manifestations of Crohn's disease may appear anytime during the course of the disease process and may be the initial symptom.