Comparing spiritual wellbeing and illness perceptions between cancer patients from culturally and linguistically diverse and those from mainstream backgrounds in Australia.

Objective: Cancer presents a significant health challenge, particularly within culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations. Religious, spiritual, and personal beliefs regarding illness may mitigate its psychological and physical impacts, varying with CALD status. This study aims to assess illness perceptions in Australian cancer patients from both CALD and Anglo-Australian backgrounds and to explore the associations between spiritual wellbeing and illness perceptions within these groups.

Meaningful consumer involvement in cancer care: a systematic review on co-design methods and processes.

Objective: Although the benefits of consumer involvement in research and health care initiatives are known, there is a need to optimize this for all people with cancer. This systematic review aimed to synthesize and evaluate the application of co-design in the oncology literature and develop recommendations to guide the application of optimal co-design processes and reporting in oncology research, practice, and policy.

Methods: A systematic review of co-design studies in adults with cancer was conducted, searching MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycINFO databases and included studies focused on 2 concepts, co-design and oncology.

Health literacy interventions for informal caregivers: systematic review.

Aim: The aim of the systematic review was to identify conceptual models and interventions designed to improve health literacy in caregivers of adults with a chronic disease/disability.

Methods: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Embase were searched for relevant literature. Articles were included if they focused on adults who provided informal care to someone aged 18+ with a chronic disease/disability.

How social media can help to understand treatment experiences of survivors of rare cancers: Findings from the Granulosa Cell Tumor Survivor Sisters Facebook group member survey.

Background: Engaging with online social media consumer groups for rare cancers may help to develop collaborations between consumers and researchers. This study, a collaboration with the Granulosa Cell Tumor-Survivor Sisters (GCT-SS) Facebook group, explores the results of their survey of member's treatment and follow-up experiences.

Methods: Members of the closed multinational GCT-SS Facebook group completed a 43-item survey covering symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, recurrence, follow-up, and possible risk factors for GCT.

Burden prediction in cancer caregivers: role of social support and connectedness.

Objectives: Caregivers play a key role in providing support to people with cancer. However, caregiving can be stressful and demanding, resulting in perceived caregiver burden. Social connectedness is considered partially independent from social support, yet few studies have examined whether social connectedness impacts caregiver burden.

Does cultural competence training for health professionals impact culturally and linguistically diverse patient outcomes? A systematic review of the literature.

Objective: To assess the impact of cultural competence training for health professionals on patient outcomes.

Method: A systematic review of cultural competence training interventions for healthcare workers including papers published January 2010 to January 2021, identified through MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC and APA PsychINFO. Health conditions were not specified, however, only studies reporting patient outcomes were included.

Disparities in quality of life, social distress and employment outcomes in Australian cancer survivors.

Purpose: To examine how socio-demographic, comorbidities and information needs influence quality of life (QoL) outcomes of survivors of breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma or melanoma.

Methods: Cross-sectional postal survey with eligible participants identified through a population-based cancer registry. QoL outcomes were assessed by EQ-5D-5L, social difficulties index (SDI) and, for those employed at diagnosis, current employment.

Uncovering the advertising and promotional strategies of tobacco companies in Cambodia: recall of below-the-line marketing among young male smokers.

Introduction: Tobacco companies have used below-the-line marketing in novel ways to promote their brands to youth in low/middle-income countries in Southeast Asia. This study explores how young male smokers in Cambodia experience below-the-line marketing strategies.

Methods: Convenience sampling was used to recruit 147 young male smokers (18-24 years) in Cambodia in early 2020.

Improving access to cancer information and supportive care services: A systematic review of mechanisms applied to link people with cancer to psychosocial supportive care services.

Objective: Previous research has described the low uptake of psychosocial support services in people living with cancer. While characteristics of individuals using services have been examined, mechanisms applied to link individuals to support services are less frequently considered. This review aims to identify the mechanisms used to link people with cancer to support services and assess their impact.

Treatment and Outcomes for Central Nervous System Tumors in Australian Adolescents and Young Adults: A Population-Based National Study.

While central nervous system (CNS) tumors account for only 10% of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancers, they are the leading cause of cancer death in this age group. Using national data for Australia, we describe the presentation, treatment, and survival for AYAs diagnosed with CNS tumors. A population-based study of 15-24 year-olds diagnosed with CNS tumors (low- and high-grade glioma [LGG, HGG], medulloblastoma [MB], primitive neuroectodermal tumors [PNET], ependymoma [EP]) or other (e.

Smoking behaviours and other substance use among Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian secondary students, 2017.

Introduction And Aims: Smoking is a major cause of preventable illness for Indigenous peoples. As most regular smoking is established during adolescence when other substances are often first used, effective tobacco prevention requires an understanding of the patterns of related substance use for Indigenous youth.

Design And Methods: We reviewed smoking among Indigenous students through cross-sectional analyses of the 2017 Australian Secondary Students' Alcohol and Drug survey and compared findings to non-Indigenous participants.

The decline of smoking initiation among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander secondary students: implications for future policy.

Objective: Smoking is a major cause of preventable illness for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, with most commencing in adolescence. Understanding trends in youth tobacco use can inform prevention policies and programs.

Methods: Logistic regression models examined smoking trends among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and all students aged 12-17 years, in five nationally representative triennial surveys, 2005-2017.

A Simple Clinical Tool for Stratifying Risk of Clinically Significant CKD after Nephrectomy: Development and Multinational Validation.

Background: Clinically significant CKD following surgery for kidney cancer is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, but identifying patients at increased CKD risk remains difficult. Simple methods to stratify risk of clinically significant CKD after nephrectomy are needed.

Methods: To develop a tool for stratifying patients' risk of CKD arising after surgery for kidney cancer, we tested models in a population-based cohort of 699 patients with kidney cancer in Queensland, Australia (2012-2013).

Social connectedness and mortality after prostate cancer diagnosis: A prospective cohort study.

Men with prostate cancer experience side effects for which a supportive social environment may be beneficial. We examined the association between four measures of social connectedness and mortality after a prostate cancer diagnosis. Male participants in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study in 1990-1994, who developed incident prostate cancer and attended follow-up in 2003-2007, were eligible for the study.

Long-term impact of plain packaging of cigarettes with larger graphic health warnings: findings from cross-sectional surveys of Australian adolescents between 2011 and 2017.

Objective: To assess the long-term impact of plain packaging (PP) of cigarettes with larger graphic health warnings (HW) introduced in December 2012 on adolescents' relevant tobacco-related perceptions.

Methods: Cross-sectional school-based surveys of 12 to 17 year olds in 2011 (n=4413), 2013 (n=4423), 2014 (n=4576) and 2017 (n=4266). Students rated the character of four popular cigarette brands, indicated their agreement regarding brand differences in smoking ease, quitting, addictiveness, harmfulness and pack attractiveness and positive/negative perceptions of pack image.

The Use of Optimal Treatment for DLBCL Is Improving in All Age Groups and Is a Key Factor in Overall Survival, but Non-Clinical Factors Influence Treatment.

Introduction: Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma for which a cure is usually the therapeutic goal of optimal treatment. Using a large population-based cohort we sought to examine the factors associated with optimal DLBCL treatment and survival.

Methods: DLBCL cases were identified through the population-based Victorian Cancer Registry, capturing new diagnoses for two time periods: 2008-2009 and 2012-2013.

Tumor size and postoperative kidney function following radical nephrectomy.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) following nephrectomy for kidney tumors is common, and both patient and tumor characteristics may affect postoperative kidney function. Several studies have reported that surgery for large tumors is associated with a lower likelihood of postoperative CKD, but others have reported CKD to be more common before surgery in patients with large tumors. The aim of this study was to clarify inconsistencies in the literature regarding the prognostic significance of tumor size for postoperative kidney function.

Incident Chronic Kidney Disease After Radical Nephrectomy for Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) after surgery for kidney cancer is common, and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to identify factors associated with incident CKD in patients managed with radical nephrectomy.

Patients And Methods: All patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma between January 2012 and December 2013 were ascertained from state-based cancer registries in Queensland and Victoria.

Management of Sarcoma in Adolescents and Young Adults: An Australian Population-Based Study.

While overall survival (OS) for cancer in adolescents and young adults (AYA) has improved, there has been little change in AYA survival for several types of sarcomas. Using national data for Australia we describe (1) the treatment centers caring for AYA sarcoma, (2) treatments provided, and (3) survival outcomes. National population-based study assessing treatment of 15-24 year-olds diagnosed with soft tissue sarcoma (STS), bone sarcoma (BS), and Ewing family tumors (ET) between 2007 and 2012.

The impact of cancer type, treatment, and distress on health-related quality of life: cross-sectional findings from a study of Australian cancer patients.

Purpose: This study examined the mediating effects of cancer type, treatment, and distress on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for early diagnosis cancer patients. Results were interpreted with respect to established thresholds for clinical meaningfulness.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was used.

Age at diagnosis and the surgical management of small renal carcinomas: findings from a cross-sectional population-based study.

Objectives: To describe the use of partial nephrectomy (PN) for patients with stage T1a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by age group (<65 and ≥65 years) in two Australian states.

Materials And Methods: All adults diagnosed with RCC in 2012 and 2013 were identified through population-based cancer registries in the Australian states of Queensland and Victoria. For each patient, research assistants extracted patient, tumour and treatment data from medical records.

Predictors of new-onset chronic kidney disease in patients managed surgically for T1a renal cell carcinoma: An Australian population-based analysis.

Background: New-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD) following surgical management of kidney tumors is common. This study evaluated risk factors for new-onset CKD after nephrectomy for T1a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in an Australian population-based cohort.

Methods: There were 551 RCC patients from the Australian states of Queensland and Victoria included in this study.

Integrating referral to community-based cancer information and support services in a hospital setting.

Purpose: To implement and evaluate a hospital-based referral mechanism to increase patient uptake of community-based cancer information and support services. Feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and education program was evaluated. Changes in usage of Cancer Council Victoria's cancer information and support telephone line were investigated.