Introduction: In the United States, there has been controversy over whether treatment of mild-to-moderate hypertension during pregnancy conveys more benefit than risk.
Objective: The objective of the study was to compare risks and benefits of treatment of mild-to-moderate hypertension during pregnancy.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 11,871 pregnant women with mild-to-moderate hypertension as defined by blood pressure (BP) values from three Kaiser Permanente regions between 2005 and 2014.
Objective: To evaluate the association between breastfeeding history, including lifetime exclusive breastfeeding, and risk of adenomyosis.
Design: We used data from a case-control study designed with 2 control groups to address the challenge of selecting noncases for a valid epidemiologic study when cases are identified by hysterectomy. The case-control study was conducted among premenopausal and postmenopausal enrollees aged 18-59 years in a large, integrated health care system in western Washington state.
Introduction: Studies of hypertension in pregnancy that use electronic health care data generally identify hypertension using hospital diagnosis codes alone. We sought to compare results from this approach to an approach that included diagnosis codes, antihypertensive medications and blood pressure (BP) values.
Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1,45,739 pregnancies from 2009 to 2014 within an integrated healthcare system.
Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry
October 2022
The present research used linked surveillance systems (British Paediatric Surveillance Unit; and the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Surveillance System) over a 19 month period (1 November 2011-31 May 2013) to notify of young people (4-15.9 years) presenting to secondary care (paediatrics or child and adolescent mental health services) or specialist gender services with features of gender dysphoria (GD). A questionnaire about socio-demographic, mental health, and GD features was completed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To compare maternal and infant outcomes with different antihypertensive medications in pregnancy.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: Kaiser Permanente, a large healthcare system in the United States.
Objectives: It is important to understand relationships of gestational weight gain with adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with chronic hypertension, given their high baseline risk of adverse outcomes. We assessed associations of gestational weight gain with adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with chronic hypertension by pre-pregnancy body mass index categories.
Study Design: We identified 14,369 women with chronic hypertension using electronic health records from 3 integrated health care delivery systems (2005-2014).
Objective: To incorporate blood pressure (BP), diagnoses codes, and medication fills from electronic medical records (EMR) to identify pregnant women with hypertension.
Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies at three US integrated health delivery systems during 2005-2014.
Main Outcome Measures: Women were considered hypertensive if they had any of the following: (1) ≥2 high BPs (≥140/90 mmHg) within 30 days during pregnancy (High BP); (2) an antihypertensive medication fill in the 120 days before pregnancy and a hypertension diagnosis from 1 year prior to pregnancy through 20 weeks gestation (Treated Chronic Hypertension); or (3) a high BP, a hypertension diagnosis, and a prescription fill within 7 days during pregnancy (Rapid Treatment).
Background: Single-failure survival models are commonly used in injury research. We aimed to demonstrate the application of multiple failure survival models in injury research by measuring the association between arrest and IPV recidivism.
Methods: We used data from a population-based cohort of 5466 male-female couples with a police-reported, male-perpetrated incident of IPV against their female partners that occurred in Seattle, WA during 1999-2001.
Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry
January 2019
This research investigated the prevalence of looked-after and adopted young people within a case file review of 185 young people referred to a UK gender identity development service over a 2-year period (1 April 2009 to 1 April 2011). Data were extracted from referral letters, clinical notes and clinician letters. Looked-after young people were found to represent 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Puberty suppression by gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) is prescribed to relieve the distress associated with pubertal development in adolescents with gender dysphoria (GD) and thereby to provide space for further exploration. However, there are limited longitudinal studies on puberty suppression outcome in GD. Also, studies on the effects of psychological support on its own on GD adolescents' well-being have not been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To study early-life factors in relation to endometriosis risk in adulthood.
Design: Population-based case-control study.
Setting: Integrated healthcare system.
Study Question: Is bisphenol A (BPA) exposure associated with the risk of endometriosis, an estrogen-driven disease of women of reproductive age?
Summary Answer: Our study suggests that increased urinary BPA is associated with an increased risk of non-ovarian pelvic endometriosis, but not ovarian endometriosis.
What Is Known Already: BPA, a high-volume chemical used in the polymer industry, has been the focus of public and scientific concern given its demonstrated estrogenic effects in vivo and in vitro and widespread human exposure. Prior studies of BPA and endometriosis have yielded inconsistent results and were limited by the participant sampling framework, small sample size or use of serum (which has very low/transient concentrations) instead of urine to measure BPA concentrations.
Violence Against Women
January 2014
This investigation used a longitudinal design to examine the relationship between neighborhood-level income, individual-level predictors, and police-reported intimate partner violence in 5,994 urban couples followed over 2 years. At the baseline abuse incident, intimate partner violence rates were highest in the poorest neighborhoods (13.8 per 1,000 women in the lowest income quartile, followed by 12.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Endometriosis is considered an estrogen-dependent disease. Persistent environmental chemicals that exhibit hormonal properties, such as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), may affect endometriosis risk.
Objective: We investigated endometriosis risk in relation to environmental exposure to OCPs.
Background: Phthalates are ubiquitous environmental chemicals with endocrine disruptive properties. The impact of these chemicals on endocrine-related disease in reproductive-age women is not well understood.
Objective: To investigate the relationship between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and the risk of a hormonally-driven disease, endometriosis, in reproductive-age women.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med
January 2014
Objective: To describe the nationwide prevalence of placenta accreta and to quantify its impact on maternal morbidity.
Methods: Using discharge data for public hospitals in Ireland, years 2005-2010, deliveries with placenta accreta were identified using ICD-10-AM code for morbidly adherent placenta and compared with deliveries without the condition. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using logistic regression.
In 2011, an out-of-hours service in central London reviewed its system for special patient notes (SPNs) - a main mechanism to communicate valuable information about patients to the clinicians who cover two-thirds of the week when day-time general practices are closed. This revealed that: half of frequent callers did not have an SPNabout half of existing SPNs were out of dateday-time general practitioners (GPs) respond well to requests by out-of-hours doctors to provide an SPNproviding SPNs was low on the list of priorities of day-time GPs who were too busy reacting to everyday problems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn 2011, an out-of-hours service in central London reviewed its system for special patient notes (SPNs) - a main mechanism to communicate valuable information about patients to the clinicians who cover two-thirds of the week when day-time general practices are closed. This revealed that: half of frequent callers did not have an SPNabout half of existing SPNs were out of dateday-time general practitioners (GPs) respond well to requests by out-of-hours doctors to provide an SPNproviding SPNs was low on the list of priorities of day-time GPs who were too busy reacting to everyday problems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To evaluate the relationship between common genetic variation in genes involved in the biosynthesis and signaling of estrogen and progesterone and endometriosis risk.
Design: Genetic polymorphism analysis.
Setting: Population-based case-control study conducted in Group Health Cooperative enrollees in western Washington.
Background: The accuracy of ectopic pregnancy rates based on nationally representative data has been compromised for many years, impairing surveillance and evaluation of the continued public health importance of this condition.
Purpose: To estimate long-term population-based ectopic pregnancy rates and trends within a defined population over a largely unevaluated time period, including the evaluation of trends in outpatient versus inpatient management and medical versus surgical treatment modalities.
Methods: Using computerized Group Health Cooperative inpatient and outpatient data, age-adjusted and age-specific ectopic pregnancy rates were calculated from 1993 to 2007 among enrollees aged 15-44 years.
Objective: Using a medical record abstraction-based case-control study with two control groups, we evaluated adenomyosis risk factors and investigated differences related to comparison group selection.
Materials And Methods: Medical records of all female 18- to 49-year-old Group Health (GH) enrollees with ICD-9 code 617.0 were abstracted using a standard data collection form.
Glucuronidation, catalyzed by UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) and sulfation, catalyzed by sulfotransferases (SULT), are pathways through which sex steroids are metabolized to less active compounds. These enzymes are highly polymorphic and genetic variants frequently result in higher or lower activity. The phenotypic effects of these polymorphisms on circulating sex steroids in premenopausal women have not yet been investigated.
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