Long-term changes in milk component immunoglobulins reflect milk oral immunotherapy outcomes in Finnish children.

Background: Milk oral immunotherapy (OIT) may increase the amount of milk protein that can be ingested without triggering an allergic reaction. It is important to understand why some patients benefit from the treatment while others do not.

Objective: The aim was to define the differences in the milk allergen component-specific (casein, α-lactalbumin, ß-lactoglobulin) immunoglobulin (sIg [sIgE, sIgG4, and sIgA]) levels relative to the long-term outcomes of milk OIT.

Integrative Transcriptomics Reveals Activation of Innate Immune Responses and Inhibition of Inflammation During Oral Immunotherapy for Egg Allergy in Children.

We previously reported the results of a randomized, open-label trial of egg oral immunotherapy (OIT) in 50 children where 44% were desensitized and 46% were partially desensitized after 8 months of treatment. Here we focus on cell-mediated molecular mechanisms driving desensitization during egg OIT. We sought to determine whether changes in genome-wide gene expression in blood cells during egg OIT correlate with humoral responses and the clinical outcome.

Quantitative genome-scale metabolic modeling of human CD4 T cell differentiation reveals subset-specific regulation of glycosphingolipid pathways.

T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation involve metabolic reprogramming resulting from the interplay of genes, proteins, and metabolites. Here, we aim to understand the metabolic pathways involved in the activation and functional differentiation of human CD4 T cell subsets (T helper [Th]1, Th2, Th17, and induced regulatory T [iTreg] cells). Here, we combine genome-scale metabolic modeling, gene expression data, and targeted and non-targeted lipidomics experiments, together with in vitro gene knockdown experiments, and show that human CD4 T cells undergo specific metabolic changes during activation and functional differentiation.