Emotion regulation among adults with asthma: Links with short-acting inhaler medication overuse and utilization of acute medical care.

Objective: Existing research suggests that emotion plays an important role in airway inflammation and asthma symptom control. The objective of this study was to determine whether difficulties regulating emotion were associated with overuse of short-acting inhaled medications and acute medical care usage in adults with asthma.

Methods: The sample included 401 adults with asthma recruited from an online panel of adults with chronic respiratory disease.

Implementation of a digital health intervention for young people exposed to Technology Assisted Sexual Abuse.

Background: The internet has become a place of increased risk of abuse, including sexual abuse, for young people (YP). One potential risk factor to online abuse and exploitation is the ability to mentalise. We developed the i-Minds app, a mentalisation-based digital health intervention (DHI) for YP who have experienced technology assisted sexual abuse (TASA), which we tested in a clinical feasibility trial.

Planning for the forgotten fourth trimester of pregnancy: A parallel group randomized control trial to test a postpartum planning intervention vs. standard prenatal care.

Background: Black and brown birthing people experience persistent disparities in adverse maternal health outcomes, partially due to inadequate perinatal care. The goal of this study is to design and evaluate a patient-centered intervention for obstetric patients with one or more cardiometabolic risk factors for severe maternal morbidity [gestational diabetes, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, or gestational hypertension), or preconception obesity (BMI > 30)] to promote postpartum visit attendance.

Methods: To address identified unmet needs for postpartum support and barriers to postpartum care, we developed 20 thematic postpartum planning modules, each with corresponding patient educational materials, community resources, care coordination protocols, and clinician support tools (decision aids, electronic medical record prompts and fields).

Experiences of a digital health intervention for young people exposed to technology assisted sexual abuse: a qualitative study.

Background: There is growing evidence that Technology Assisted Sexual Abuse (TASA) represents a serious problem for large numbers of children. To date, there are very few evidence-based interventions available to young people (YP) after they have been exposed to this form of abuse, and access to support services remains a challenge. Digital tools such as smartphones have the potential to increase access to mental health support and may provide an opportunity for YP to both manage their distress and reduce the possibility of further victimization.

The Use of Tissue-on-Chip Technology to Focus the Search for Extracellular Vesicle miRNA Biomarkers in Thyroid Disease.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) contain microRNAs (miRNAs) which have potential to act as disease-specific biomarkers. The current study uses an established method to maintain human thyroid tissue ex vivo on a tissue-on-chip device, allowing the collection, isolation and interrogation of the sEVs released directly from thyroid tissue. sEVs were analysed for differences in miRNA levels released from benign thyroid tissue, Graves' disease tissue and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), using miRNA sequencing and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to identify potential biomarkers of disease.

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Biopsies Maintained Ex Vivo on a Perfusion Device Show Gene Changes with Time and Clinically Relevant Doses of Irradiation.

Advancements in 3-Dimensional (3D) culture models for studying disease have increased significantly over the last two decades, but fully understanding how these models represent in vivo still requires further investigation. The current study investigated differences in gene expression between a baseline sample and that maintained on a tissue-on-chip perfusion device for up to 96 h, with and without clinically-relevant doses of irradiation, to allow differentiation of model and treatment effects. Tumour tissue samples from 7 Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCC) patients were sub-divided and either fixed immediately upon excision or maintained in a tissue-on-chip device for 48 and 96 h, with or without 2 Gray (Gy) or 10 Gy irradiation.

Medicare Changes in Response to COVID-19: Unintended Effects for Beneficiaries With Mental Illness or Substance Use Disorders.

Objective: The authors explored potential unintended consequences of Medicare policy changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic for beneficiaries with behavioral health care needs.

Methods: The authors collected policies relevant to mental health and substance use care. Informed by a literature review conducted in spring 2022, the authors convened a modified Delphi panel with 13 experts in June 2022.

A Digital Intervention to Improve Mental Health and Interpersonal Resilience in Young People Who Have Experienced Technology-Assisted Sexual Abuse: Protocol for a Nonrandomized Feasibility Clinical Trial and Nested Qualitative Study.

Background: No evidence-based support has been offered to young people (YP) who have experienced technology-assisted sexual abuse (TASA). Interventions aimed at improving mentalization (the ability to understand the mental states of oneself and others) are increasingly being applied to treat YP with various clinical issues. Digital technology use among YP is now common.

An Unusual Case of Primary Gastric Balloon Cell Melanoma.

Most cases of melanoma found in the gastrointestinal tract are the result of metastasis. Although uncommon and only described in isolated case reports, primary gastric melanoma should be considered when patients present with vague gastrointestinal symptoms and a mass is identified on esophagogastroduodenoscopy or imaging. We describe a case of primary gastric balloon cell melanoma in a 73-year-old man who presented with melena.

Treatment-Resistant Hepatitis C Viral Infection: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an ongoing global public health threat affecting millions worldwide. Increasing recognition of its impact and recent advances towards HCV prevention and cure have provided incentive for the World Health Organization to call for global elimination by 2030. The goal of therapy is to achieve a sustained virologic response (SVR-12), defined as undetectable HCV-RNA within 12 weeks after treatment completion.

Breast Cancer Risk Assessment and Management of the High-Risk Patient.

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed nonskin cancer in women. To decrease the breast cancer burden, conserve resources, and decrease unnecessary treatments, guidelines suggest interventions be reserved for those women at greatest risk for disease. Risk assessment incorporating breast cancer risk factors and risk assessment models is of paramount importance in identifying women who have the greatest benefit from risk reduction strategies.

The Pandemic Within the Pandemic: Unprecedented Rise in Alcohol-related Hepatitis During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background And Aim: The third leading preventable cause of death in the United States is excessive alcohol consumption. Our study sought to assess the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on hospitalizations for alcohol-related hepatitis at a community hospital system. We hypothesized an increase in cases of alcohol-related hepatitis requiring inpatient management, mirroring the strain on economic and societal norms imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Identification of soluble tissue-derived biomarkers from human thyroid tissue explants maintained on a microfluidic device.

Although a large cohort of potential biomarkers for thyroid cancer aggressiveness have been tested in various formats in recent years, to the best of our knowledge, thyroglobulin and calcitonin remain the only two established biomarkers associated with thyroid cancer management. Our group has recently validated a novel means of maintaining live, human thyroid tissue within a tissue-on-chip format. The present pilot study aimed to interrogate the tissue effluent, containing all the soluble markers released by the tissue samples maintained within the devices' tissue chamber, for the presence of markers potentially associated with thyroid cancer aggressiveness.

Identifying areas of improvement in nursing knowledge regarding hepatic encephalopathy management.

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a reversible brain dysfunction caused by liver insufficiency and portosystemic shunting. Hepatic encephalopathy is a common complication of advanced liver disease and is on a rise with the increasing incidence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Since partnership with nursing staff is a critical part of successful management of these complex patients, we conducted a survey assessing their knowledge regarding HE.

Current understanding of nonsurgical interventions for refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: a systematic review.

Thyroid cancer incidence and related mortality is increasing year-on-year, and although treatment for early disease with surgery and radioiodine results in a 98% 5-year survival rate, recurrence and treatment refractory disease is evident in an unacceptable number of patients. Alternative treatment regimens have therefore been sought in the form of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy, vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and oncolytic viruses. The current review aims to consolidate knowledge and highlight the latest clinical trials using secondary therapies in thyroid cancer treatment, focusing on both and studies, which have investigated therapies other than radioiodine.

Chronic Stress and Preconception Health Among Latina Women in Metro Atlanta.

Background: Underserved subgroups are less likely to have optimal health prior to pregnancy. We describe preconception health indicators (behavior, pregnancy intention, and obesity) among pregnant Latina women with and without chronic stress in metro Atlanta.

Design: We surveyed 110 pregnant Latina women enrolled in prenatal care at three clinics in Atlanta.

The Historical, Psychosocial, and Cultural Context of Breastfeeding in the African American Community.

Breastfeeding provides a range of benefits for the infant's growth, immunity, and development. It also has health benefits for the mother, including a reduced risk of premenopausal breast cancer, earlier return to prepregnancy weight, reduction of postpartum bleeding, and reduced risk of osteoporosis. There are a number of complex factors that influence the decision to initiate and continue breastfeeding, including those "external" to women, such as cultural beliefs.

Implementation of a Postpartum Hemorrhage Safety Bundle at an Urban Safety-Net Hospital.

 Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of preventable maternal morbidity and mortality. Standardized response to obstetric hemorrhage is associated with significant improvement in maternal outcomes, yet implementation can be challenging.  The primary objective is to describe the methodology for program implementation of the Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health Safety Bundle on PPH at an urban safety-net hospital.

The Changing Face of Culture Models for Thyroid Cancer Research: A Systematic Literature Review.

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy worldwide. Primary treatment with surgery and radioactive iodine is usually successful, however, there remains a small proportion of thyroid cancers that are resistant to these treatments, and often represent aggressive forms of the disease. Since the 1950s, thyroid culture systems have been used in thyroid cancer research.

Researchers' ethical concerns regarding habituating wild-nonhuman primates and perceived ethical duties to their subjects: Results of an online survey.

While the process of habituation is essential for researchers to observe primates in their natural habitats, ethical dilemmas may arise from its consequences. We collected data from 286 participants via an online survey to investigate: (a) how primatologists perceive their ethical duties toward their subjects; (b) the extent to which primatologists are concerned about the potential ethical consequences of habituation; and (c) the methods primatologists use to reduce potential harms caused by habituation. Overall, primatologists felt an extremely strong duty to mitigate harms that they may cause (e.

Comparison of Opioid Medication Use after Conventional Chemoembolization versus Drug-Eluting Embolic Chemoembolization.

Purpose: To assess the use of opioid analgesics and/or antiemetic drugs for pain and nausea following selective chemoembolization with doxorubicin-based conventional (c)-transarterial chemoembolization versus drug-eluting embolic (DEE)-transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: From October 2014 to 2016, 283 patients underwent 393 selective chemoembolization procedures including 188 patients (48%) who underwent c-transarterial chemoembolization and 205 (52%) who underwent DEE-transarterial chemoembolization. Medical records for all patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Predictive validity of the adult tobacco dependence index: Findings from waves 1 and 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study.

Background And Aims: Building on published work establishing concurrent validity of a self-report tobacco dependence (TD) index among users of different tobacco products in Wave 1 (W1) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, the current study examines prospective relationships with tobacco use behaviors to establish predictive validity of the TD index. Hypotheses suggested high levels of W1 TD would be associated with persistent tobacco use at Wave 2 (W2).

Participants: A U.