Artificial Intelligence Assistance in Point-of-Care Ultrasound Skill Retention for Novice Users in Space Medicine Scenarios.

Introduction: As humanity progresses further into space, astronauts must be increasingly independent from mission control, especially in high-consequence medical scenarios. The high-utility and low-mass nature of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) makes this imaging modality ideal for spaceflight mission deployment. However, POCUS operator skill degrades over time, presenting an operational barrier to continuous, effective use.

An experimentally informed computational model of neurovestibular adaptation to altered gravity.

Transitions to altered gravity environments result in acute sensorimotor impairment for astronauts, leading to serious mission and safety risks in the crucial first moments in a new setting. Our understanding of the time course and severity of impairment in the early stages of adaptation remains limited and confounded by unmonitored head movements, which are likely to impact the rate of adaptation. Here, we aimed to address this gap by using a human centrifuge to simulate the first hour of hypergravity (1.

Modeling orientation perception adaptation to altered gravity environments with memory of past sensorimotor states.

Transitioning between gravitational environments results in a central reinterpretation of sensory information, producing an adapted sensorimotor state suitable for motor actions and perceptions in the new environment. Critically, this central adaptation is not instantaneous, and complete adaptation may require weeks of prolonged exposure to novel environments. To mitigate risks associated with the lagging time course of adaptation (e.

COMPASS: Computations for Orientation and Motion Perception in Altered Sensorimotor States.

Reliable perception of self-motion and orientation requires the central nervous system (CNS) to adapt to changing environments, stimuli, and sensory organ function. The proposed computations required of neural systems for this adaptation process remain conceptual, limiting our understanding and ability to quantitatively predict adaptation and mitigate any resulting impairment prior to completing adaptation. Here, we have implemented a computational model of the internal calculations involved in the orientation perception system's adaptation to changes in the magnitude of gravity.

Impact of Frailty and Malnutrition on Outcomes After Surgical Fixation of Lower Extremity Fractures in Young Patients.

Objectives: Evaluate the relationship of nutrition parameters and the modified frailty index (mFI) on postsurgical complications within a young patient population sustaining lower extremity orthopaedic trauma.

Design: Retrospective observational cohort study.

Setting: Urban, American College of Surgeons-Verified, Level-1, Trauma Center.

Chimeric-Antigen-Receptor (CAR) T Cells and the Factors Influencing their Therapeutic Efficacy.

Immunotherapeutic treatments for malignant cancers have revolutionized the medical and scientific fields. Lymphocytes engineered to display chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) molecules contribute to the exciting advancements that have stemmed from a greater understanding of cell structure and function, biological interactions, and the unique tumor microenvironment. CAR T cells circumvent the unique immune evasion capability of tumors by acting in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) independent manner.