Metabolic abnormalities and reprogramming in cats with naturally occurring hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Background And Aims: The heart is a metabolic organ rich in mitochondria. The failing heart reprograms to utilize different energy substrates, which increase its oxygen consumption. These adaptive changes contribute to increased oxidative stress.

Utility of focused cardiac ultrasonography training in veterinary students to differentiate stages of subclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs.

Background: Differentiation of the subclinical phases of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in dogs relies heavily on echocardiography. Focused cardiac ultrasonography (FCU) is a point-of-care technique that can assess heart size.

Hypothesis/objectives: Veterinary students trained in FCU can differentiate dogs with subclinical MMVD based on left ventricular (LV) and left atrial (LA) dimensions.

Urine sodium concentration after intravenous furosemide in dogs with acute congestive heart failure and correlation with treatment efficacy.

Background: Poor natriuresis is a potential marker of diuretic resistance in dogs with acute congestive heart failure (CHF) but little is known about the relationship between urine sodium concentration (uNa) and frequency of successful decongestion. Supplemental O is a common treatment in dogs with severe CHF. The time from start to discontinuation of supplemental O therapy (DCSO ) typically reflects the time course and ease of decongestion.