Validation of SNP markers for selection of semi-dwarf and peduncle extrusion in barley.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to validate the use of two SNP markers associated to a allele identified previously in a short barley genotype (ND23049) with an adequate peduncle extrusion which reduces predisposition to fungal disease development. First, the GBS SNP were converted in a KASP marker but only one of them, named TP4712, correctly amplified all allelic variations and had a Mendelian segregation in a F population. To corroborate the association between TP4712 allele with plant height and peduncle extrusion, a total of 1221 genotypes were genotyped and evaluated for both traits.

Genetic architecture of photosynthesis energy partitioning as revealed by a genome-wide association approach.

The photosynthesis process is determined by the intensity level and spectral quality of the light; therefore, leaves need to adapt to a changing environment. The incident energy absorbed can exceed the sink capability of the photosystems, and, in this context, photoinhibition may occur in both photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI). Quantum yield parameters analyses reveal how the energy is managed.

Integrating Molecular Markers and Environmental Covariates To Interpret Genotype by Environment Interaction in Rice ( L.) Grown in Subtropical Areas.

Understanding the genetic and environmental basis of genotype × environment interaction (G×E) is of fundamental importance in plant breeding. If we consider G×E in the context of genotype × year interactions (G×Y), predicting which lines will have stable and superior performance across years is an important challenge for breeders. A better understanding of the factors that contribute to the overall grain yield and quality of rice ( L.

Genome-Wide Association Study Using Historical Breeding Populations Discovers Genomic Regions Involved in High-Quality Rice.

Rice ( L.) is one of the most important staple food crops in the world; however, there has recently been a shift in consumer demand for higher grain quality. Therefore, understanding the genetic architecture of grain quality has become a key objective of rice breeding programs.

Light-use efficiency and energy partitioning in rice is cultivar dependent.

One of the main limitations of rice yield in regions of high productive performance is the light-use efficiency (LUE). LUE can be determined at the whole-plant level or at the photosynthetic apparatus level (quantum yield). Both vary according to the intensity and spectral quality of light.

A Dehydration-Induced Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor iso4G Identified in a Slow Wilting Soybean Cultivar Enhances Abiotic Stress Tolerance in .

Water is usually the main limiting factor for soybean productivity worldwide and yet advances in genetic improvement for drought resistance in this crop are still limited. In the present study, we investigated the physiological and molecular responses to drought in two soybean contrasting genotypes, a slow wilting N7001 and a drought sensitive TJS2049 cultivars. Measurements of stomatal conductance, carbon isotope ratios and accumulated dry matter showed that N7001 responds to drought by employing mechanisms resulting in a more efficient water use than TJS2049.

Resistance to Multiple Temperate and Tropical Stem and Sheath Diseases of Rice.

Stem rot and aggregated sheath spot are the two major stem and sheath diseases affecting rice (Oryza sativa L.) in temperate areas. A third fungal disease, sheath blight, is a major disease in tropical areas.

Response to photoxidative stress induced by cold in japonica rice is genotype dependent.

Two japonica rice genotypes, INIA Tacuarí and L2825CA, were analyzed for tolerance to low temperature during early vegetative growth. Effect on photosynthesis, energy dissipation, pigment content, xanthophyll-cycle pool conversion, hydrogen peroxide accumulation, oxidative damage and antioxidant enzyme activities were determined to better understand potential mechanisms for cold tolerance. Photoinhibition was measured using chlorophyll fluorescence and oxidative damage by lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage.

Development and application of a dapB-based in vivo expression technology system to study colonization of rice by the endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri A15.

Pseudomonas stutzeri A15 is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from paddy rice. Strain A15 is able to colonize and infect rice roots. This strain may provide rice plants with fixed nitrogen and hence promote plant growth.