Updates on HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in Latin America: Available Drugs and Implementation Status.

Latin America has reported a 9% increase in new HIV infections from 2010 to 2023. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a crucial biomedical intervention for preventing HIV transmission. Currently, several antiretroviral drugs, in various forms of administration, have demonstrated high efficacy and effectiveness to protect against HIV.

Identifying Gaps in the Treatment Guidelines for Hepatitis C in Peru to Meet International Standards: A Narrative Review.

Hepatitis C virus still represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Peru, two national practice guidelines for the management of this infection were published more than 5 years ago; however, the latest breakthroughs in the treatment make it necessary to update these guidelines. We reviewed the most recent recommendations of the international guidelines and compared them with the current Peruvian guidelines.

JAK2 and TET2 Mutation in Polycythemia Vera.

The () gene, located on chromosome 4q24, has been implicated in hematological malignancies. The gene shows mutations in variable myeloid malignancies with the involvement of 15% of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). The inactivation of the gene in both mice and humans has shown a high degree of deregulation of the hematopoiesis process leading to hematological malignancies.

Paired-Box Gene 8 (PAX8) and Its Association With Epithelial Carcinomas.

Cancer is the second most common culprit of mortality in the United States and epithelial carcinomas are considered as one of the most predominant types of cancer. The association between epithelial cancers and paired-box gene 8 (PAX8) has been studied significantly before. PAX8 belongs to the paired-box gene family, which plays an important role in the organogenesis of different body organ systems, especially the thyroid gland, the renal system, and the Müllerian system.