Axillary management in patients with breast cancer and positive axilla at diagnosis. Experience in a Spanish university hospital with a 5-year follow-up.

Background: Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) was the standard in breast cancer with axillary involvement until recently. Along with the number of metastatic nodes, axillary positivity was considered a main prognostic factor and scientific evidence shows that the administration of radiotherapy on ganglion areas decreases the risk of recurrence even in positive axilla. The objective of this study was to evaluate the axillary treatment in patients with positive axilla at diagnosis, the evolution of them over time, and to assess patient's follow-up with the aim of avoiding the morbidity associated with axillary dissection.

Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with squamous differentiation: prognostic factors and multidisciplinary treatment.

Background: The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of patients diagnosed with metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with squamous differentiation and to identify the particular clinical and histological characteristics that need to be taken into account in this type of tumors.

Case Presentation: Retrospective observational study of two patients managed at our hospital between 2014 and 2020 (15 months mean follow-up), plus all cases published in the last 7 years (8 patients). Thus, a total of 10 cases were analyzed, all with less than 2 years mean global survival.

Post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 axillary adenopathy. Differences with axillary metastases from breast cancer.

The differential diagnosis of the metastatic axillary lymphadenopathies of breast cancer with which they occur secondary to the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine against COVID-19, is imperative. In a series of cases, we analyzed the characteristics of unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy in patients after Pfizer-BioNTech vaccination. Axillary lymphadenopathy were observed ipsilateral to the vaccination arm.

Complications and local relapse after intraoperative low-voltage X-ray radiotherapy in breast cancer.

Purpose: To study those factors that influence the occurrence of surgical complications and local relapse in patients intervened for breast cancer and receiving intraoperative radiotherapy.

Methods: Observational study on patients intervened for breast cancer with conservative surgery and intraoperative radiotherapy with low-voltage X-ray energy source (INTRABEAM), from 2015 to 2017 with 24 months minimum follow-up. Variables possibly associated to the occurrence of postoperative complications were analyzed with the Student t-test and the Fisher exact test; P < 0.

Adjuvant radiotherapy for low-risk early breast cancer in elderly women: evidence from randomized trials.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer pathology in women in the Western world. The median age at diagnosis is 60 years and in the coming decades it is estimated that the number of elderly women affected reaches an important percentage. This aging of the cancer population, associated with its inherent comorbidities and aggravated by the lack of consensus about the most appropriate treatment, make it difficult to administer an effective postoperative treatment in elderly women with a low-risk profile.

Inverse radiotherapy planning in reconstructive surgery for breast cancer.

Background: Post-mastectomy radiotherapy reduces the risk of local-regional relapse and distant disease, and increases global survival in women with axillary involvement. With the new reconstruction techniques and increasing use of directed external radiotherapy, immediate reconstruction can be performed with good cosmetic results and low complication rates.

Materials And Methods: Observational study with consecutive sampling conducted in patients undergoing reconstructive surgery for breast cancer, between 2010 and 2016, with a 12-months minimum follow-up period.

Factors predicting local relapse and survival in patients treated with surgery for breast cancer.

Background: Assessment of local relapse in patients treated with surgery for breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: This observational study included 673 patients treated with surgery for breast cancer between 2005 and 2010, who were monitored for a 7-year minimum follow-up period. The study was concluded on 2017 and yielded a total of 31 cases of local relapse.

A Case of a Concurrent and Co-Located Invasive Carcinoma and a Fibroadenoma to Illustrate the Potential of Dual-Energy, Contrast-Enhanced Digital Mammography on the Diagnosis of Complex Breast Lesions.

Up to 19% of breast malignancies may be missed by conventional imaging techniques, especially when they are concurrent or co-located with other benign lesions. However, more sensitive techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are often too expensive for routine use in developing countries. Contrast-enhanced, dual-energy digital mammography (CESM) is a recently introduced imaging modality whose performance has been reported to be similar to that of MRI.

Fistula to the native esophagus after pharyngogastrostomy for malignant disease: A rare phenomenon in esophageal surgery.

This article features the case study of a 32-year-old female patient who had undergone surgery to remove a cervical spine tumor and who later developed cervical esophagus necrosis secondary to the erosion caused by an osteosynthesis 13 years after her prosthetic cervical surgery. Barium swallow did not show anything abnormal, but after an emergency spiral computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan, a paravertebral abscess was found, along with displacement of the fixation plate and the disappearance of the esophageal silhouette on coronal sections. The patient underwent surgery to drain the abscess, extract the osteosynthesis materials and the stabilization plates, and to perform a temporary esophageal exclusion.