[Robot-assisted Lung Surgery: Techniques, Evidence and Data on Anatomical Resections].

Thanks to improved visualisation and instruments with an endowrist function, robot-assisted thoracic surgery has led to technical progress in thoracic surgery. This makes it easier to carry out complex thoracic surgical interventions, e.g.

Anterior Rectus Sheath Autograft in WRAP-Augmentation of Achilles Tendon Rupture.

Achilles tendon ruptures can be counted as the most common traumatic ankle injuries. As such, there is a comparatively large set of treatment options including surgical and nonsurgical approaches. The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate a new technique for a specific subgroup of Achilles tendon ruptures that present with a large tendinous gap.

Duodenal-jejunal bypass improves glycemia and decreases SGLT1-mediated glucose absorption in rats with streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To elucidate whether duodenal-jejunal-bypass (DJB), which improves blood glucose control, changes activity of Na-D-glucose cotransporter SGLT1 in small intestine.

Background: DJB has been shown to improve oral glucose tolerance in normal rats and a genetic diabetic rat model. Because intestinal D-glucose absorption is mediated by SGLT1 localized in the brush border membrane of small intestinal enterocytes, it is unclear whether function of SGLT1 is altered by DJB and whether this contributes to the improvement of glycemic control.

Microglia emerge from erythromyeloid precursors via Pu.1- and Irf8-dependent pathways.

Microglia are crucial for immune responses in the brain. Although their origin from the yolk sac has been recognized for some time, their precise precursors and the transcription program that is used are not known. We found that mouse microglia were derived from primitive c-kit(+) erythromyeloid precursors that were detected in the yolk sac as early as 8 d post conception.

Nonhuman primate event-related potentials associated with pro- and anti-saccades.

Non-invasive event-related potential (ERP) recordings have become a popular technique to study neural activity associated with saccades in humans. To date, it is not known whether nonhuman primates exhibit similar saccade-related ERPs. Here, we recorded ERPs associated with the performance of randomly interleaved pro- and anti-saccades in macaque monkeys.