Introduction of a breast apparent diffusion coefficient category system (ADC-B) derived from a large multicenter MRI database.

Objectives: To develop an intuitive and generally applicable system for the reporting, assessment, and documentation of ADC to complement standard BI-RADS criteria.

Methods: This was a multicentric, retrospective analysis of 11 independently conducted institutional review board-approved studies from seven institutions performed between 2007 and 2019. Breast Apparent Diffusion coefficient (ADC-B) categories comprised ADC-B0 (ADC non-diagnostic), ADC-B1 (no enhancing lesion), and ADC-B2-5.

Generally applicable window settings of low-keV virtual monoenergetic reconstructions in dual-layer CT-angiography of the head and neck.

Background: Increased vessel contrast in low-keV virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) in spectral detector CT angiography of the head and neck requires adaption of window settings. Aim of this study was to define generally applicable window settings of low-keV VMI.

Methods: Two radiologists determined ideal subjective window settings for VMI in 54 patients.

Reducing artifacts from total hip replacements in dual layer detector CT: Combination of virtual monoenergetic images and orthopedic metal artifact reduction.

Purpose: To evaluate the reduction of artifacts caused by total hip replacements (THR) in dual-layer DECT (DLCT) provided by the combination of virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) and orthopedic metal artifact reduction (MAR).

Materials And Methods: A total of 24 consecutive patients carrying THR, who received DLCT, were included. Four different images were reconstructed from the same CT dataset: a) conventional images (CI), b) conventional images with orthopedic metal artifact reduction (CI) c) VMI and d) VMI combined with orthopedic metal artifact reduction (VMI).

Dual-layer detector CT of the head: Initial experience in visualization of intracranial hemorrhage and hypodense brain lesions using virtual monoenergetic images.

Purpose: Retrospective comparison of diagnostic quality of virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) and conventional images (CI) reconstructed from dual-layer detector CT (DLCT) regarding intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH) and hypodense parenchymal lesions (HPL) of the brain.

Methods: 58 patients underwent unenhanced DLCT of the head. CI and VMI ranging from 40 to 120 keV were reconstructed.

Bone marrow edema in traumatic vertebral compression fractures: Diagnostic accuracy of dual-layer detector CT using calcium suppressed images.

Purpose: To evaluate calcium suppressed images (CaSupp) in dual-layer detector computed tomography (DLCT) for the detection of bone marrow edema (BME) in vertebral fractures.

Materials And Methods: The retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board. 34 patients with synchronous DLCT and MRI, who were diagnosed with one or more acute vertebral fractures, were included.

Improved depiction of atherosclerotic carotid artery stenosis in virtual monoenergetic reconstructions of venous phase dual-layer computed tomography in comparison to polyenergetic reconstructions.

Objectives: To compare virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) reconstructed from venous phase Dual-Layer CT (DLCT) with polyenergetic images (PI) of DLCT-Angiography (DLCT-A) regarding vessel contrast and image quality especially in sight to atherosclerotic carotid artery stenosis.

Methods & Materials: 25 DLCT-A and 55 venous phase DLCT were analyzed in this retrospective study. For objective analysis PI and VMI (40-120 keV) were assessed comparing attenuation, standard deviation, signal-/contrast- to noise ratios (SNR, CNR) in the common carotid artery (CCA), vertebral artery, sternocleidomastoid muscle and air.

Comparison of virtual monoenergetic and polyenergetic images reconstructed from dual-layer detector CT angiography of the head and neck.

Objectives: To compare the image quality of virtual monoenergetic images and polyenergetic images reconstructed from dual-layer detector CT angiography (DLCTA).

Methods: Thirty patients who underwent DLCTA of the head and neck were retrospectively identified and polyenergetic as well as virtual monoenergetic images (40 to 120 keV) were reconstructed. Signals (± SD) of the cervical and cerebral vessels as well as lateral pterygoid muscle and the air surrounding the head were measured to calculate the CNR and SNR.

Metal artifact reduction by dual-layer computed tomography using virtual monoenergetic images.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the performance and diagnostic value of metal artifact reduction in virtual monoenergetic images generated from dual-layer computed tomography (DLCT).

Methods: 35 patients that received a DLCT at the University Hospital Cologne and had an orthopedic implant in the examined region were included in this study. For each DLCT virtual monoenergetic images of different energy levels (64keV, 70keV, 105keV, 140keV, 200keV and an optimized photon energy) were reconstructed and analyzed by three blinded observers.

Improvement of Image Quality in Unenhanced Dual-Layer CT of the Head Using Virtual Monoenergetic Images Compared With Polyenergetic Single-Energy CT.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to compare virtual monoenergetic images and polyenergetic images reconstructed from unenhanced dual-layer detector computed tomography (DLCT) of the head and to determine kiloelectron volt levels that optimize image quality, particularly the gray-white matter contrast, and reduce beam hardening artifacts caused by the skull.

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained. Forty patients that received DLCT were included in this retrospective study; of these patients, 22 were women and 18 were men.

Association of Quality and Quantity of Bone Metastases and Computed Tomography Volumetric Bone Mineral Density With Prevalence of Vertebral Fractures in Breast Cancer Patients.

Introduction: In the present study, we investigated the potential for routine staging computed tomography (CT) to assess fracture risk in breast cancer patients.

Patients And Methods: A total of 184 randomized CT data sets of women with breast cancer were studied. Intellispace Density software (Philips, Amsterdam, Netherlands) was used to determine the mean volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) of 3 nonfractured vertebral bodies (T12-L4) and predictors according to the quantitative and qualitative tumor morphology.