The diagnostic performance of the Mindray system in detecting CA125 and HE4 for patients with ovarian cancer.

Background: Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) are the most commonly used tumor biomarkers for ovarian cancer (OC) screening and diagnosis. The risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA) score uses these markers, as detected by the Roche system, to predict the risk of OC. This study sought to assess the performance of the Mindray system in detecting CA125 and HE4 for ROMA score calculation in clinical settings.

Heterotypic CAF-tumor spheroids promote early peritoneal metastatis of ovarian cancer.

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is hallmarked by early onset of peritoneal dissemination, which distinguishes it from low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC). Here, we describe the aggressive nature of HGSOC ascitic tumor cells (ATCs) characterized by integrin α5 (ITGA5) ATCs, which are prone to forming heterotypic spheroids with fibroblasts. We term these aggregates as metastatic units (MUs) in HGSOC for their advantageous metastatic capacity and active involvement in early peritoneal dissemination.

[Profile dipper/non-dipper in patient with severe preeclampsia, eclampsia and HELLP syndrome during pregnancy and puerperium].

Background: Blood pressure (BP) has a circadian rhythm, decreases at night and increases in the morning (dipper), have been observed in patients with impaired in this profile, increased at night and lower in the morning (no dipper) have increased cardiovascular risk. Preeclampsia-eclampsia complicates about 7% of pregnancies, preeclampsia is known to reverse the normal circadian cycle of the BP.

Objective: To determine the profile dipper/non-dipper in patients with severe preeclampsia, eclampsia and HELLP syndrome patients in Intensive Care and Obstetrics Hospital Juárez of México.

[Primary cervical cancer screening].

Cervico-uterine cancer screening with cytology decrease incidence by more than 50%. The cause of this cancer is the human papilloma virus high risk, and requires a sensitive test to provide sufficient sensitivity and specificity for early detection and greater interval period when the results are negative. The test of the human papilloma virus high risk, is effective and safe because of its excellent sensitivity, negative predictive value and optimal reproducibility, especially when combined with liquid-based cytology or biomarkers with viral load, with higher sensitivity and specificity, by reducing false positives for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or greater injury, with excellent clinical benefits to cervical cancer screening and related infection of human papilloma virus diseases, is currently the best test for early detection infection of human papillomavirus and the risk of carcinogenesis.

[Giant cystic lymphangioma breast. Report of a case with 20-year follow-up and review of the literature].

Background: Lymphangiomas are congenital malformations or acquired (secondary to trauma, infection or neoplasia) in the mammary gland, are extremely rare. These lesions tend to infiltrate surrounding tissues and malignant degeneration is extremely rare. Clinically manifests as benign masses, slow growing; diagnosed clinically and by imaging studies.

[Serum hormones that regulate the reproductive axis in men with testicular germ cell cancer and its impact on fertility].

Background: Epidemiological studies treat testicular germ cancer as a single disease, the behavior of the two histological types of cancer; seminoma and nonseminoma have differences in reproductive hormone secretion and impair fertility differently.

Objective: To demonstrate that the serum concentration of pituitary hormones involved in fertility and spermatogenesis in the affected male is different in the two histological types.

Methods: Were determined by radioimmunoassay or inmunoradiometric assay, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, total testosterone, prolactin, estradiol, human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha fetoprotein in 37 patients with germ cell cancer (15 seminoma and 22 nonseminoma) and 35 controls.

Management of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer.

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cancer in women. It is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and is the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancers in women. The overall survival rate at five years is 50% and its treatment is still poor.

[New guidelines in regard to cervical cancer screening].

Cancer screening programs have been successful in reducing the incidence and mortality due to cervical cancer. For more than a decade, the human papillomavirus test has been recommended as part of these programs, however, Pap tests is not currently recommended for women 65 years of age who participated adequately in screening programs, continuing with these screening programs is not needed. Screening programs will be different in special populations at greatest risk where tests are frequently needed or use of alternative methods.

[Clinic characteristics of patients with trophoblastic gestational disease complicate with hypertension].

Background: The molar pregnancy is complicated with hypertension before 20 weeks, divided into complete mole and partial mole, and in diploid and triploid hydatidiform mola depending on the fetal chromosomes.

Objective: To determine clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with hydatidiform mole with and without hypertension, and choriocarcinoma, correlate serum chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and hypertension.

Material And Methods: We reviewed 55 cases with histopathologically proven mole, separately analyzed clinical, laboratory and hCG.

Metabolic syndrome in breast cancer.

Breast Cancer is a heterogeneous disease, progressive, currently, are classified according to in pattern of gene expression luminal A, luminal B, basal and HER-2neu + and Triple-negative, 75% to 80% have receptors positive hormonal and 15% to 20% are positive for hER-2neu and 10% to 20% are triple negative, with hormone receptor negative and HER2-neu and their diagnostic is made by exclusion, the Metabolic Syndrome is related to a higher incidence of these cancers where the insulin-leptin axis-adiponectin are implicated in carcinogenesis.

[Endometriosis as a risk factor for ovarian cancer].

A history of endometriosis is a risk factor for some subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancer. Endometriosis is associated with increased risk of ovarian clear cell, serous low-grade endometrioid cancer, but it is unclear what the role of endometriosis is in the development of other histopathological subtypes of ovarian cancer, such as high-grade serous borderline tumors subtypes or borderline serous and mucinous cancers. An understanding of the mechanisms leading to malignant transformation of endometriosis will be needed to identify subgroups of women at increased risk of ovarian cancer.

[Study of 14 cases of breast cancer and pregnancy].

Introduction: Breast cancer is diagnosed in pregnant women during pregnancy or the first year after childbirth, and is the second leading cause of death among women of reproductive age. We don't know the frequency of this disease or the characteristics of the women affected at the Juarez Hospital of Mexico. This paper analyzed the cases of pregnant women diagnosed with breast cancer treated in the Oncology Department over a period of 10 years (1990-2000).

[Primary prevention of cervical cancer].

Cervical cancer is a global public health problem related to infection by human papilloma virus. Countries with organized programs for detection and treatment of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer prevent 80% of cases; however, prevention-based cytology, colposcopy and treatment of injuries is effective but still expensive, invasive and nonspecific, especially in developing countries. The goal of primary prevention through immunization against human papillomavirus is with the use of quadrivalent vaccine genotypes 6, 11, 16 and 18 and bivalent genotypes 16 and 18, which are produced using recombinant technology.

[Comparison of robotic surgery documentary in gynecological cancer].

Robotic surgery is a surgical technique recently introduced, with major expansion and acceptance among the medical community is currently performed in over 1,000 hospitals around the world and in the management of gynecological cancer are being developed comprehensive programs for implementation. The objectives of this paper are to review the scientific literature on robotic surgery and its application in gynecological cancer to verify its safety, feasibility and efficacy when compared with laparoscopic surgery or surgery classical major surgical complications, infections are more common in traditional radical surgery compared with laparoscopic or robotic surgery and with these new techniques surgical and staying hospital are lesser than the former however, the disadvantages are the limited number of robot systems, their high cost and applies only in specialized centers that have with equipment and skilled surgeons. In conclusion robotic surgery represents a major scientific breakthrough and surgical management of gynecological cancer with better results to other types of conventional surgery and is likely in the coming years is become its worldwide.

[Consensus for the prevention of cervical cancer in Mexico].

Cervical cancer remains a serious public health problem in the world; that is why the Mexican Federation of Schools of Obstetrics and Gynecology convened the elaboration of a consensus that is devoted this number of Ginecologia y Obstetricia de Mexico. In recent years has strengthened perceptions (public and private) in the need for preventive strategies in the medium and long terms. The development of effective vaccines against the human papilloma virus and the application of new methods of detection from viral DNA (completely automated for personal application) allow some degree of optimism.

[Fertility and testicular function in a patient with germ cell extragonadal tumor. A report of a case].

Males are affected from primary extragonadal germ cell tumors with a frequency of 2 to 5%. There is a high incidence of infertility of more than 60% and most of the cases have azoospermia due to testicular damage. The hormonal profile of these patients shows normal luteinizing hormone, normal follicle stimulating hormone and normal testosterone and estradiol.

[Current colposcopic terminology. Successes and limitations].

Colposcopy is nowadays a habitual tool applied to the routine gynecological exploration. The terminology for the normal and abnormal colposcopic findings has changed according with the time and the new knowledge about the low genital tract diseases. Gynecologists must be aware of this terminology for a correct application in diagnosis, therapeutics and papers on findings and results.