Limits to commercially iodized salt to address dietary iodine deficiency in rural Papua New Guinea.

Background And Objectives: Fortifying commercial table salt with iodine is the principal strategy used globally to prevent dietary iodine deficiency. However, the costs of providing fortified salt to remote communities may result in it not being locally available or too expensive for many households. This study shows that barriers to consuming adequately iodized salt remain significant for remote rural households in Papua New Guinea (PNG).

Iodine status of non-pregnant women and availability of food vehicles for fortification with iodine in a remote community in Gulf province, Papua New Guinea.

Adequate iodine status of women of childbearing age is essential for optimal growth and development of their offspring. The objectives of the current study were to assess the iodine status of non-pregnant women, availability and use of commercial salt, extent to which it is iodised, and availability of other industrially processed foods suitable for fortification with iodine. This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in 2018 in a remote area in Gulf province, Papua New Guinea.

Iodine status of children and knowledge, attitude, practice of iodised salt use in a remote community in Kerema district, Gulf province, Papua New Guinea.

Iodine deficiency is the single most common cause of preventable mental impairment in communities with suboptimal iodine intake. Objective of the present study was to assess in more detail the iodine status and knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) relating to use of iodised salt in a remote community in Kotidanga area, Kerema district, Gulf province, Papua New Guinea. This prospective school and community based cross-sectional study was carried out in 2017.

Predictors of anemia in women of reproductive age: Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA) project.

Anemia in women of reproductive age (WRA) (age range: 15-49 y) remains a public health problem globally, and reducing anemia in women by 50% by 2025 is a goal of the World Health Assembly. We assessed the associations between anemia and multiple proximal risk factors (e.g.

Nutritional status and dietary diversity of Kamea in Gulf Province, Papua New Guineas.

Background And Objectives: To assess the nutritional status of infants, children and non-pregnant women and underlying factors, dietary diversity and community food security, in the Kamea community in Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea.

Methods And Study Design: Prospective cross sectional study. Study population 69 infants (0-59 months), 151 children (6-12 years) and 79 non-pregnant women from 10 villages in Kotidanga Local Level Government, Kerema District, Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea.

Relationship between markers of inflammation and anaemia in children of Papua New Guinea.

Objective: To assess the association of the acute-phase protein biomarkers, C-reactive protein (CRP) and α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), with anaemia in children aged 6-59·9 months in Papua New Guinea.

Design: A nationally representative household-based cross-sectional survey of children aged 6-59·9 months was used to assess the relationships between various combinations of elevated CRP (>5 mg/l) and AGP (>1·2 g/l) with anaemia. Logistic regression was used to determine if other factors, such as age, sex, measures of anthropometry, region, urban/rural residence and household size, modified or confounded the acute-phase protein-anaemia association.

Vitamin A status of pre-school-age children aged 6 to 59 months in the National Capital District, Papua New Guinea.

Assessing the vitamin A status among pre-school-age children is essential for evaluating the magnitude and public health status of vitamin A deficiency in a population. This cross-sectional study assessed the vitamin A status of children aged 6 to 59 months resident in the National Capital District (NCD), Papua New Guinea. Children attending the Children's Outpatient Clinic at Port Moresby General Hospital participated in this study.

Thiamine (vitamin B1) status of boarding school students in the Southern Region of Papua New Guinea.

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is the major biologically active form of thiamine (vitamin B1). This cross-sectional study assessed whole-blood thiamine pyrophosphate concentration (WBTPPC) in boarding school students in the Southern Region of Papua New Guinea. Sample size for each of the five boarding schools was calculated using the 'proportionate to population size' cluster sampling technique.

Status of iodine nutrition in pregnant and lactating women in national capital district, Papua New Guinea.

Urinary Iodine excretion is a useful and important indicator of the iodine status of a population. This study attempts to determine the urinary iodine concentration of non-pregnant, pregnant and lactating women, resident in the National Capital District of Papua New Guinea, so as to evaluate their status of iodine nutrition. The study population was made up of 56 non-pregnant, 40 lactating and 212 pregnant women.

Zinc in human health.

Malnutrition is a contributing cause of about half of the 10 million deaths annually worldwide, and contributes to a substantial proportion of the infectious disease morbidity among children in developing countries. Recent epidemiological and clinical evidence has shown that in most developing countries deficiencies of specific micronutrients are partly responsible for the severity of infectious disease morbidity and mortality in malnourished children. Efforts to improve micronutrient status have focused on iron, vitamin A and iodine.