Integrating Genomic and Chromosomal Data: A Cytogenetic Study of (Loricariidae: Hypostominae) with Characterization of a ZZ/ZW Sex Chromosome System.

The plecos (Loricariidae) fish represent a great model for cytogenetic investigations due to their variety of karyotypes, including diploid and polyploid genomes, and different types of sex chromosomes. In this study we investigate a rare loricariid endemic to Ecuador, integrating cytogenetic methods with specimens' molecular identification by mtDNA, to describe the the species karyotype. We aim to verify whether sex chromosomes are cytologically identifiable and if they are associated with the accumulation of repetitive sequences present in other species of the family.

Fabrication of voltage-gated spin Hall nano-oscillators.

We demonstrate an optimized fabrication process for electric field (voltage gate) controlled nano-constriction spin Hall nano-oscillators (SHNOs), achieving feature sizes of <30 nm with easy to handle ma-N 2401 e-beam lithography negative tone resist. For the nanoscopic voltage gates, we utilize a two-step tilted ion beam etching approach and through-hole encapsulation using 30 nm HfO. The optimized tilted etching process reduces sidewalls by 75% compared to no tilting.

Chemical profile and anti-leishmanial activity of three Ecuadorian propolis samples from Quito, Guayaquil and Cotacachi regions.

Three propolis samples were collected from different regions of Ecuador (Quito, Guayaquil and Cotacachi) and their methanolic extracts were prepared. Preliminary information supplied by TLC and NMR data, allowed us to define two main types of propolis: Cotacachi propoli sample (CPS), rich in flavonoids and Quito and Guayaquil samples (QPS and GPS) containing triterpenic alcohols and acetyl triterpenes as the main constituents. Two different approaches based on RP-HPLC preparative procedure and NMR structural determination (CPS) and GC-MS analysis (QPS and GPS) were successfully used for the chemical characterization of their major compounds.