Conceptual rationale for the use of chemically modified nanocomposites for active influence on atherosclerosis using the greater omentum model of experimental animals.

The use of chemically modified nanocomposites for atherosclerotic plaques can open up new opportunities for studying their effect on changing the structure of the plaque itself. It was shown on the model of the greater omentum of two groups of experimental animals (rats n = 30), which were implanted with Fe@C NPs nanocomposites of 10-30 Nm size into the omentum area. Group 1 (n = 15) consisted of animals that were implanted with chemically modified Fe@C NPs nanocomposites and control group 2 (n = 15) was with non-modified Fe@C NPs nanocomposites.

Prolonged and Controllable Release of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride from the Composite Electrospun Poly(ε-Caprolactone)/Polyvinylpyrrolidone Scaffolds.

Burst release, typical for the drug-loaded electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds is unfavorable in case of cytostatics due to the toxic levels reached during the initial implantation period. In the present short communication, we report an unexpected ability of the composite scaffolds made of PCL and water-soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to provide long-term release of widely used anti-cancer drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX-HCl). That effect was observed for electrospun DOX-HCl-loaded composite scaffolds based on PCL and PVP with various mass ratios (100/0, 95/5, 90/10, 75/25 and 50/50).

Intramolecular amination via acid-catalyzed rearrangement of azides: a potent alternative to intermolecular direct electrophilic route.

Although acid-catalyzed intramolecular rearrangement of organic azides is an attractive route to amines, its mechanism and synthetic prospective are still debated. Herein, through computational and experimental studies, we demonstrated that azide intramolecular rearrangement could serve as a potent synthetic route to a sought-after amine functionality including preparation of difficult to access and valuable heterocyclic amines. Using quantum chemical calculations at MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ and B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ levels, we discovered that this reaction proceeds via a concerted transition state with nitrogen elimination and alkyl/aryl migration occurring at the same time.

Poly(ε-caprolactone) Scaffolds Doped with c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Inhibitors Modulate Phagocyte Activation.

The modulation of phagocyte responses is essential for successful performance of biomaterials in order to prevent negative outcomes associated with inflammation. Herein, we developed electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds doped with the novel potent c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors 11-indeno[1,2-]quinoxalin-11-one oxime () and 11-indeno[1,2-]quinoxalin-11-one -(-ethylcarboxymethyl) oxime() as a promising approach for modulating phagocyte activation. Optimized electrospinning parameters allowed us to produce microfiber composite materials with suitable mechanical properties.

The determination of enantiomer composition of 1-((3-chlorophenyl)-(phenyl)methyl) amine and 1-((3-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)-methyl) urea (Galodif) by NMR spectroscopy, chiral HPLC, and polarimetry.

For the first time, a method for enantiomer resolution of the anticonvulsant Galodif (1-((3-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl) urea) by chiral HPLC was developed, whereas the enantiomeric composition of 1-((3-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl) amine-precursor in Galodif synthesis-cannot be resolved by this method. However, starting 1-((3-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl) amine quantitatively forms diastereomeric N-((3-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)-1-camphorsulfonamides in reaction with chiral (1R)-(+)- or (1S)-(-)-camphor-10-sulfonyl chlorides. The diastereomeric ratio of obtained camphorsulfonamides can be easily determined by NMR H and C spectroscopy.

A new look at acid catalyzed deacetylation of carbohydrates: A regioselective synthesis and reactivity of 2-O-acetyl aryl glycopyranosides.

In the present work we report that acetyl groups of per - acetylated aryl glycosides have different reactivity during the acidic deacetylation using HCl/EtOH in CHCl which leads to preferential deacetylation at O-3, O-4 and O-6. Thereby, the one-step preparation of 2-O-acetyl aryl glycosides with simple aglycon was accomplished for the first time. It was proved that the found reagent is to be general and unique for the preparation of series of 2-О-acetyl aryl glycosides.

A new approach for the immobilization of poly(acrylic) acid as a chemically reactive cross-linker on the surface of poly(lactic) acid-based biomaterials.

A new approach for the immobilization of poly(acrylic) acid (PAA) as a chemically reactive cross-linker on the surface of poly(lactic) acid-based (PLA) biomaterials is described. The proposed technique includes non-covalent attachment of a PAA layer to the surface of PLA-based biomaterial via biomaterial surface treatment with solvent/non-solvent mixture followed by the entrapment of PAA from its solution. Surface morphology and wettability of the obtained PLA-PAA composite materials were investigated by AFM and the sitting drop method respectively.

Matsuda-Heck reaction with arenediazonium tosylates in water.

An environmentally friendly Matsuda-Heck reaction with arenediazonium tosylates has been developed for the first time. A range of alkenes was arylated in good to quantitative yields in water. The reaction is significantly accelerated when carried out under microwave heating.

The first example of a one-step synthesis of 2'-O-acetyl aryl-D-glucopyranosides.

A selective acidic system for partial deacetylation of phenolic d-glucopyranosides per-acetates has been developed that allows synthesis of the corresponding 2'-O-acetyl-D-glucosides. Many disadvantages of generally used methods for preparing such mono-acyl derivatives involving multistep procedures or the use of enzymes are avoided. The ion at m/z 289 in mass spectra of their TMS derivatives indicates a particular and characteristic fragmentation pattern of these 2'-O-acetyl derivatives of d-glucopyranosides.

Surface modification of biomaterials based on high-molecular polylactic acid and their effect on inflammatory reactions of primary human monocyte-derived macrophages: perspective for personalized therapy.

Polylactic acid (PLA) based implants can cause inflammatory complications. Macrophages are key innate immune cells that control inflammation. To provide higher biocompatibility of PLA-based implants with local innate immune cells their surface properties have to be improved.

Synthesis of acyl derivatives of salicin, salirepin, and arbutin.

The total synthesis of two natural phenolglycosides of the family Salicaceae, namely: populoside and 2-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-5-hydroxy benzyl (3-methoxy-4-hydroxy) cinnamoate and nine not found yet in plants acyl derivatives of phenoglycosides: 2-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-benzylcinnamoate, 2-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-benzyl (4-hydroxy) benzoate, 2-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-benzyl (3-methoxy-4-hydroxy) benzoate, 2-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-5-hydroxy benzyl (3,4-dihydroxy) cinnamoate, 2-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-5-hydroxy benzylcinnamoate, 2-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-5-hydroxy benzyl (4-hydroxy) benzoate, 2-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-5-hydroxy benzyl (3-methoxy-4-hydroxy) benzoate, 2-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-5-benzoyloxy benzylbenzoate and 4-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-phenylbenzoate, starting from readily available phenols and glucose was developed for the first time.

DFT investigation of the thermodynamics and mechanism of electrophilic chlorination and iodination of arenes.

Quantum chemical calculations at the B3LYP/6-311G level have been carried out in order to investigate the reaction mechanisms of the iodination of benzene and its monosubstituted derivatives with ICl, I(+), I (3) (+) and reagents containing N-I and O-I bonds as the iodinating agents. The results are compared with those obtained for chlorination by Cl(+) and Cl(2), both in the gas phase and in methanol solution using the PCM solvent model. We have also used the MP2/DGDZVP level of theory and the IEFPCM model to perform comparisons in a few cases.

Unusually stable, versatile, and pure arenediazonium tosylates: their preparation, structures, and synthetic applicability.

A new, simple, and effective method for the diazotization of a wide range of arylamines has been developed by using a polymer-supported diazotization agent in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid. Various pure arenediazonium tosylates with unusual stabilities can be easily prepared by this method. As a result, these salts are useful and versatile substrates for subsequent transformations, such as halogenation and Heck-type reactions.