45,X/46,XY Mosaicism with Male Phenotype: Case Report.

Mixed gonadal dysgenesis is the most common chromosomal abnormality with ambiguous genitalia, defined as a 45,X/46,XY mosaicism. It can present with a normal male phenotype, ambiguous genitalia, or features of Turner syndrome. A 14-year-old patient was referred to the genetics clinic due to hypospadia, cryptorchidism, and aortic coarctation.

Familismo, Lesbophobia, and Religious Beliefs in the Life Course Narratives of Chilean Lesbian Mothers.

This study aimed to explore the life course identity projects of Chilean lesbian mothers who conceived their children within the context of a previous heterosexual relationship. By exploring the case of Chile, this study examined the family lives of lesbian mothers within the context of a Latino heteronormative society with a Christian (mainly Catholic) heritage. Individual interviews were conducted with eight participants aged between 27 and 40 years old (mean age of 33 years) who were recruited through snowballing and social media.

Intraoperative management and early postoperative outcomes of pediatric renal transplants.

Introduction: Smaller children are presenting for renal transplantation as the treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease. Adult donor organs are more successful than pediatric deceased donor organs. An adult kidney may sequester ~75% of the circulating volume of a 5 year-old child and requires significantly increased cardiac output to maintain renal perfusion.

A New Grading System for the Management of Antenatal Hydronephrosis.

Background And Objectives: Standard clinical assessments do not predict surgical intervention in patients with a moderate degree of upper tract hydronephrosis. This study investigated whether combined measures of renal calyceal dilation and anteroposterior diameter (APD) of the renal pelvis at the first postnatal ultrasound better predict surgical intervention beyond standard assessments of the APD or Society of Fetal Urology (SFU) grading system.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: A retrospective cohort of 348 children with antenatal hydronephrosis followed from 2003 to 2013 were studied.

Utility and cost-effectiveness of uroflowmetry in a busy pediatric urology practice.

Introduction: Uroflowmetry (UF) is frequently employed in daily pediatric urology practice for diagnostic and follow-up purposes. We assess the utility and cost-effectiveness of UF in the management of patients seen at a tertiary care centre.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of consecutive patients who had a UF between January 1, 2010 and March 31, 2010.

VURD syndrome--does it really preserve long-term renal function?

Purpose: VURD (posterior urethral valves, unilateral vesicoureteral reflux and renal dysplasia) syndrome is the combination of persistent unilateral vesicoureteral reflux associated with an ipsilateral dysplastic, poorly functioning kidney in patients with posterior urethral valves. It was postulated that this syndrome may result in preservation of long-term renal function due to a pressure release pop-off mechanism. We determined the effects of VURD long-term renal outcomes.

Utility of MR urography in children suspected of having ectopic ureter.

Background: Conventional imaging modalities are limited in the assessment of complex lower urinary tract anomalies including ectopic insertion of ureters. MR urography can be useful in these situations.

Objective: To share our experience with MR urography in assessing lower urinary tract anomalies and to determine its accuracy in depicting ectopic ureters.

Failed pyeloplasty in children: revisiting the unknown.

Objective: To perform a critical analysis of the management of the pediatric failed pyeloplasty in a large tertiary center. The ideal approach to this rare entity is not well established.

Methods: Retrospective record review of children undergoing pyeloplasty from 2000 to 2010.

Glans amputation during routine neonatal circumcision: mechanism of injury and strategy for prevention.

Objective: Glans injury during circumcision is an uncommon yet potentially devastating complication. Its mechanism remains poorly understood. Herein we critically evaluate a case series and, based on common characteristics, hypothesize the mechanism of injury as well as means to prevent it.

Early postoperative ultrasound after open pyeloplasty in children with prenatal hydronephrosis helps identify low risk of recurrent obstruction.

Purpose: Prediction of successful pyeloplasty can be challenging, particularly in asymptomatic children treated for worsening prenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis. We evaluated early noninvasive objective predictors of success in this population.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed patients who underwent pyeloplasty for asymptomatic, prenatally detected, worsening hydronephrosis treated between 2000 and 2010 with followup greater than 1 year.

Nephron sparing surgery for unilateral Wilms tumor in children with predisposing syndromes: single center experience over 10 years.

Purpose: Unilateral Wilms tumors associated with predisposing syndromes are treated with preoperative chemotherapy followed by surgical resection. We describe our experience with nephron sparing surgery for Wilms tumor in this population at risk for metachronous lesions.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all children with a predisposing syndrome who underwent nephrectomy for malignancy during a 10-year period (2000 to 2010).

Comparative analysis of detorsion alone versus detorsion and tunica albuginea decompression (fasciotomy) with tunica vaginalis flap coverage in the surgical management of prolonged testicular ischemia.

Purpose: Recent data suggest that testicular torsion may include an element of the compartment syndrome that improves with decompression. In 2009 we instituted tunica albuginea incision with tunica vaginalis flap coverage as an alternative in cases in which the torsed testis continued to appear ischemic after detorsion.

Materials And Methods: The medical records of 65 boys who underwent scrotal exploration for testicular torsion between 2000 and 2010 were reviewed.

Critical outcome analysis of staged buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty for prior failed hypospadias repair in children.

Purpose: Although staged buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty is a well accepted technique for salvage urethroplasty, there are few reports on this procedure for redo hypospadias repair in children.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed patients who underwent staged buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty for redo hypospadias repair. Age, quality of graft before tubularization, meatal position, presence of balanitis xerotica obliterans and complications were recorded.