Epidemiology of Isolated Versus Nonisolated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Treated in Emergency Departments in the United States, 2006-2012: Sociodemographic Characteristics.

Objectives: To describe the frequencies and rates of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) emergency department (ED) visits, analyze the trend across the years, and compare sociodemographic characteristics of visits by mTBI type (ie, mTBI as the only injury, or present along with other injuries).

Design: Population-based descriptive study using data from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (2006-2012).

Methods: Joinpoint regression was used to calculate the average annual percent changes of mTBI incidence rates.

Do EMS Providers Accurately Ascertain Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet Use in Older Adults with Head Trauma?

Objective: Prehospital provider assessment of the use of anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications in older adults with head trauma is important. These patients are at increased risk for traumatic intracranial hemorrhage and therefore field triage guidelines recommend transporting these patients to centers capable of rapid evaluation and treatment. Our objective was to evaluate EMS ascertainment of anticoagulant and antiplatelet medication use in older adults with head trauma.

Nonfatal Playground-Related Traumatic Brain Injuries Among Children, 2001-2013.

Objective: To describe the circumstances, characteristics, and trends of emergency department (ED) visits for nonfatal, playground-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) among persons aged ≤14 years.

Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program from January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2013, was examined. US Census bridged-race population estimates were used as the denominator to compute rates per 100 000 population.

Point of Health Care Entry for Youth With Concussion Within a Large Pediatric Care Network.

Importance: Previous epidemiologic research on concussions has primarily been limited to patient populations presenting to sport concussion clinics or to emergency departments (EDs) and to those high school age or older. By examining concussion visits across an entire pediatric health care network, a better estimate of the scope of the problem can be obtained.

Objective: To comprehensively describe point of entry for children with concussion, overall and by relevant factors including age, sex, race/ethnicity, and payor, to quantify where children initially seek care for this injury.

Unintentional injuries treated in hospital emergency departments among persons aged 65 years and older, United States, 2006-2011.

Introduction: With the aging of the United States population, unintentional injuries among older adults, and especially falls-related injuries, are an increasing public health concern.

Methods: We analyzed emergency department (ED) data from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, 2006-2011. We examined unintentional injury trends by 5-year age groups, sex, mechanism, body region, discharge disposition, and primary payer.

Trends in Sports- and Recreation-Related Traumatic Brain Injuries Treated in US Emergency Departments: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) 2001-2012.

Importance: Sports- and recreation-related traumatic brain injuries (SRR-TBIs) are a growing public health problem affecting persons of all ages in the United States.

Objective: To describe the trends of SRR-TBIs treated in US emergency departments (EDs) from 2001 to 2012 and to identify which sports and recreational activities and demographic groups are at higher risk for these injuries.

Design: Data on initial ED visits for an SRR-TBI from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) for 2001-2012 were analyzed.

Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death, and in a recent analysis it was found that nearly one-third of all injury-related deaths in the US have at least one diagnosis of TBI (CDC-Quickstats, 2010). This chapter presents the burden of TBI as regards age group, gender, costs, race, emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, and deaths. Injury trends over a 15 year period are examined.

Characteristics of patients who died from traumatic brain injury in two rural hospital emergency departments in Maharashtra, India, 2007-2009.

Introduction: Trauma is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world and in India.

Objective: To describe 1) selected epidemiological and clinical characteristics of persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who died within 24 h after admission to the emergency departments (EDs) of two medical facilities in rural India and 2) the methods used to transport these patients from the locale of the injury incident to the study sites.

Materials And Methods: Medical records of all injured patients regardless of age or sex who died within 24 h after admission to both EDs during January 31, 2007 through December 31, 2009 were reviewed and abstracted.

Direct medical charges of pediatric traumatic brain injury in multiple clinical settings.

Background: Data limited to emergency department and inpatient visits undoubtedly underestimate the medical charges associated with traumatic brain injury. The objective of this study was to estimate the direct medical charges of pediatric traumatic brain injuries across all clinical settings in one large, pediatric hospital in the United States.

Methods: Traumatic brain injuries sustained by children ≤20 years of age treated across all clinical settings at one large pediatric hospital from August 1, 2010-July 31, 2011 were identified using ICD-9-CM codes 310.

Systematic review of the risk of dementia and chronic cognitive impairment after mild traumatic brain injury: results of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis.

Objective: To synthesize the best available evidence regarding the risk of dementia and chronic cognitive impairment (CCI) after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI).

Data Sources: MEDLINE and other databases were searched (2001-2012) using a previously published search strategy and predefined criteria. Peer-reviewed reports in 6 languages were considered.

Systematic review of prognosis and return to play after sport concussion: results of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis.

Objective: To synthesize the best available evidence on prognosis after sport concussion.

Data Sources: MEDLINE and other databases were searched (2001-2012) with terms including "craniocerebral trauma" and "sports." Reference lists of eligible articles were also searched.

US population estimates of health and social outcomes 5 years after rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To estimate the number of adults in the United States from 2006 to 2012 who manifest selected health and social outcomes 5 years following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) that required acute inpatient rehabilitation.

Design: Secondary data analysis.

Setting: Acute inpatient rehabilitation facilities.

Epidemiology of adults receiving acute inpatient rehabilitation for a primary diagnosis of traumatic brain injury in the United States.

Objective: To estimate the overall and by age-group characteristics at admission and discharge from rehabilitation between 2001 and 2010 of all late-teens and adults undergoing inpatient rehabilitation for a primary diagnosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the United States.

Design: Secondary data analysis.

Setting: Acute inpatient rehabilitation facilities.

Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of traumatic brain injuries in a rural setting in Maharashtra, India. 2007-2009.

Context: Though some studies have described traumatic brain injuries in tertiary care, urban hospitals in India, very limited information is available from rural settings.

Aims: To evaluate and describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with traumatic brain injury and their clinical outcomes following admission to a rural, tertiary care teaching hospital in India.

Settings And Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional, hospital-based study from January 2007 to December 2009.

Extension of the representativeness of the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database: 2001 to 2010.

Objective: To extend the representativeness of the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database (TBIMS-NDB) for individuals 16 years and older, admitted for acute, inpatient rehabilitation in the United States with a primary diagnosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) analyses completed by Corrigan and colleagues by comparing this data set to national data for patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation with identical inclusion criteria that included 3 additional years of data and 2 new demographic variables.

Design: Secondary analysis of existing data sets and extension of previously published analyses.

Setting: Acute inpatient rehabilitation facilities.

Trends in Traumatic Brain Injury in the U.S. and the public health response: 1995-2009.

Problem: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a public health problem in the United States. In 2009, approximately 2.4 million [corrected] patients with a TBI listed as primary or secondary diagnosis were hospitalized and discharged alive (N=300,667) or were treated and released from emergency departments (EDs; N=2,077,350), outpatient departments (ODs; N=83,857), and office-based physicians (OB-P; N=1,079,338).

Emergency department visits for traumatic brain injury in older adults in the United States: 2006-08.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be complicated among older adults due to age-related frailty, a greater prevalence of chronic conditions and the use of anticoagulants. We conducted this study using the latest available, nationally-representative emergency department (ED) data to characterize visits for TBI among older adults.

Methods: We used the 2006-2008 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care - Emergency Department (NHAMCS-ED) data to examine ED visits for TBI among older adults.

Protocol for a systematic review of prognosis after mild traumatic brain injury: an update of the WHO Collaborating Centre Task Force findings.

Background: Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is a major public-health concern and represents 70-90% of all treated traumatic brain injuries. The last best-evidence synthesis, conducted by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Neurotrauma, Prevention, Management and Rehabilitation in 2002, found few quality studies on prognosis. The objective of this review is to update these findings.

Characteristics of non-fatal abusive head trauma among children in the USA, 2003--2008: application of the CDC operational case definition to national hospital inpatient data.

Objective: An International Classification of Diseases code-based case definition for non-fatal abusive head trauma (AHT) in children <5 years of age was developed in March 2008 by an expert panel convened at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This study presents an application of the CDC recommended operational case definition of AHT to US hospital inpatient data to characterise the AHT hospitalisation rate for children <5 years of age.

Methods: Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilisation Project from 2003 to 2008 were examined.

Factors associated with inpatient mortality in a field hospital following the Haiti earthquake, January-May 2010.

Objective: To describe factors associated with inpatient mortality in a field hospital established following the 2010 Haiti earthquake.

Design: Data were abstracted from medical records of patients admitted to the University of Miami Global Institute/Project Medishare hospital. Decedents were compared to survivors in terms of age, sex, length of stay, admission ward, diagnosis, and where relevant, injury mechanism and surgical procedure.

Representativeness of the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database.

Objective: To determine whether the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database (TBIMS-NDB) is representative of individuals aged 16 years and older admitted for acute, inpatient rehabilitation in the United States with a primary diagnosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design: Secondary analysis of existing data sets.

Setting: Acute inpatient rehabilitation facilities.

Surveillance for traumatic brain injury-related deaths--United States, 1997-2007.

Problem/condition: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States. Approximately 53,000 persons die from TBI-related injuries annually. During 1989-1998, TBI-related death rates decreased 11.

Factors that predict acute hospitalization discharge disposition for adults with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To identify factors predicting acute hospital discharge disposition after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design: Secondary analysis of existing datasets.

Setting: Acute care hospitals.

Nonfatal traumatic brain injury-related hospitalization in very young children-15 states, 1999.

Objective: To document age-related patterns of nonfatal hospitalization associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) among children younger than 2 years of age, by intent/cause and diagnosis.

Methods: Data describing 2536 nonfatal TBI-related hospitalizations in 15 states for the year 1999 were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Central Nervous System Injury surveillance system for children younger than 2 years of age (0-23 months) at the time of injury.

Main Outcome Measures: Incidence rates (overall, by intent/cause, and by diagnosis) were calculated by combining TBI surveillance data with population data from the US Census Bureau and the National Center for Health Statistics.