A Case of Balo Concentric Sclerosis: A Multiple Sclerosis Mimic.

Balo Concentric Sclerosis (BCS) is a rare neurological demyelinating disorder similar to Multiple Sclerosis. Both present with progressive neurological debility but differences on brain imaging help with distinction. The lack of prevalence and general diagnostic information about BCS makes it an underdiagnosed disease which can sometimes delay treatment.

Fever, Leukocytosis, and Ulcerated Vulvar Lesions: An Atypical Presentation Concerning Behcet's Disease.

Behcet's disease (BD) is a variable-vessel vasculitis commonly presenting in early adulthood with painful oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, uveitis, pathergy, and skin lesions. The diagnosis of BD is made clinically based on criteria from the International Study Group (ISG) and the International Criteria for Behcet's Disease (ICBD). Due to the wide constellation of symptoms BD can cause, it can be challenging to diagnose in an acute setting.

Grade IV Glioma Potentially Disguised As COVID-19 Encephalitis.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which became a pandemic in March 2020. Since that time, research has shed light on this disease's pulmonary, cardiac, and hematologic complications. However, we are still unraveling the complex neurologic sequelae of COVID-19.

Critical Left Subclavian Artery Stenosis With Retrograde Vertebral Flow: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Subclavian artery stenosis is a rare condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality, making prompt recognition and treatment essential. We present a case of left-sided subclavian artery occlusion with neurological symptoms, including vertigo, unsteady gait, and left upper extremity pain and paresthesia. The patient's symptoms had been progressing over several months.

Subglottic Stenosis as a Presentation of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Glomerulonephritis.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), previously Wegener's granulomatosis, is a necrotizing vasculitic disease process affecting the small- and medium-sized blood vessels. GPA is frequently associated with damage to the respiratory tract and kidneys but often affects other organ systems including the eyes, nasopharynx, and nervous system. Due to the vague nature of presenting symptoms and the progressive nature of GPA, it is essential to keep a broad differential to mitigate the high morbidity and mortality associated with the disease.

The Utility of Abdominal Ultrasound Following Negative Computed Tomography in Diagnosing Acute Pancreatitis.

Aim Acute pancreatitis is a diagnosis established by fulfillment of at least two out of three clinical features, including epigastric pain, elevated lipase, and/or radiographic evidence of acute pancreatitis. Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis (CTAP) is the gold standard imaging modality for evaluating acute pancreatitis. Although abdominal ultrasound (AUS) is increasingly utilized given the widespread availability and high sensitivity and specificity for detecting gallstone-related complications, including gallstone pancreatitis, the leading cause of acute pancreatitis in the US.

Laxative Abuse Cessation Leading to Severe Edema.

Stimulant laxatives are a common class of laxatives that is abused by patients with eating disorders. We present a case of a 30-year-old female who presented with dyspnea, peripheral edema and weight gain who had been chronically using laxatives. Her symptoms were consistent with rebound edema caused by sodium and free water shifts with abrupt cessation of excessive stimulant laxative use.

All-Cause Mortality and Incidence of Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Sickle Cell Nephropathy: A Comparative Study.

Background Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive disease resulting in hemolytic anemia and recurrent vaso-occlusive events. Consequently, it can result in a broad range of functional and structural renal and cardiac alterations. Chronic kidney disease (CKD), in SCD, is associated with proteinuria, microalbuminuria, and hemoglobinuria.