Oxidative Stress in Mussel Induced by Different-Sized Plastics.

Polyethylene and polystyrene are massively used around the world in various applications and are the most abundant plastic waste. Once in the marine environment, under the influence of physical and chemical factors, plastic products degrade, changing from the size category of macroplastics to microplastics. In order to study the effect of plastic on marine organisms, we modeled the conditions of environmental pollution with different-sized plastic-polystyrene microparticles of 0.

New Insights into the Mechanisms of Toxicity of Aging Microplastics.

Nowadays, synthetic polymer (plastic) particles are ubiquitous in the environment. It is known that for several decades microplastics (MPs) have been accumulating in the World Ocean, becoming available to a large variety of marine organisms. Particularly alarming is the accumulation of aging plastic particles, as the degradation processes of such particles increase their toxicity.

Photoaging Elevated the Genotoxicity of Polystyrene Microplastics to Marine Mussel (Gould, 1850).

Micro-sized particles of synthetic polymers (microplastics) are found in all parts of marine ecosystems. This fact requires intensive study of the degree of danger of such particles to the life activity of hydrobionts and needs additional research. It is evident that hydrobionts in the marine environment are exposed to microplastics modified by biotic and abiotic degradation.

Biodegradation of polyethylene in digestive gland homogenates of marine invertebrates.

Вiotic factors may be the driving force of plastic fragmentation along with abiotic factors. Since understanding the processes of biodegradation and biological depolymerization of plastic is important, a new methodological approach was proposed in this study to investigate the role of marine invertebrate digestive enzymes in plastic biodegradation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of enzymatic biodegradation of polyethylene fragments in the digestive gland homogenate of marine invertebrates differing in their feeding type ().

Expanded Polystyrene-Debris-Induced Genotoxic Effect in Littoral Organisms.

Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is a major component of plastic debris in the environment, including coastal and littoral zones. EPS is widely used in various industries including fish farming and aquaculture, which poses a serious potential threat not only to cultured hydrobionts but also to all living organisms, including humans. This paper presents the results of experimental studies on the effects of EPS (0.

The Relationship between Lifespan of Marine Bivalves and Their Fatty Acids of Mitochondria Lipids.

Marine bivalves belonging to the and Families were used in this research. The specific objectives of this study were: to determine the Fatty Acids (FAs) of mitochondrial gill membranes in bivalves with different lifespans, belonging to the same family, and to calculate their peroxidation index; to compare the levels of ROS generation, malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyls in the mitochondria of gills, in vitro, during the initiation of free-radical oxation; to investigate whether the FAs of mitochondria gill membranes affect the degree of their oxidative damage and the maximum lifespan of species (MLS). The qualitative membrane lipid composition was uniform in the studied marine bivalves, regardless of their MLS.

Dietary Exposure to Particles of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) Induces Different Responses in Periwinkles .

The marine and ocean water pollution with different-sized plastic waste poses a real threat to the lives of the next generations. Plastic, including microplastics, is found in all types of water bodies and in the organisms that live in them. However, given the chemical diversity of plastic particles, data on their toxicity are currently incomplete.

Genotoxic Effects of Exposure to Water-Soluble Fraction of Diesel Fuel in Sand Dollar Gametes.

Pollution of marine areas with oil and oil products is steadily growing. As part of this connection, the study of the impact of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine hydrobionts is an urgent issue of modern ecotoxicology. In our study, the genotoxic effect of the water-soluble fraction of diesel fuel at different concentrations on the gametes of the sand dollar was evaluated.

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induce DNA Damage in Sand Dollar Sperm.

Products containing nanomaterials are becoming more and more common in everyday life. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), meanwhile, are among the most widely used NPs. However, their genotoxic effect on the germ products of marine organisms is poorly understood.

Using Heavy Metal Content and Lipid Peroxidation Indicators in the Tissues of the Mussel Crenomytilus grayanus for Pollution Assessment After Marine Environmental Remediation.

We examined the effects of environmental remediation on the heavy metal concentration and lipid peroxidation activity in the digestive gland and gills of the marine mussel Crenomytilus grayanus. Changes in heavy metal concentrations and lipid peroxidation biomarkers in the tissues of mussels collected at a contaminated site were compared with those obtained from a reference site. Prior to remediation the concentration of Pb, Cu, Cd, Fe and Zn and the levels of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes and lipofuscin in mussels collected from the contaminated site were significantly increased compared with those obtained from the reference site.

Relationship between shell weight and cadmium content in whole digestive gland of the Japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis (Jay).

Seasonal and age-specific variations of cadmium (Cd) concentration in the digestive gland were investigated in the Japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis from Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan, with different degrees of Cd pollution. The seasonal changes in Cd concentrations of the digestive gland were inversely proportional to the dry weight of the gland. Concentrations of Cd and total Cd content (mug Cd per organ) increased with age (age-specific) to the same extent in contaminated and uncontaminated areas.

An in vitro study of the effect of reactive oxygen species on subcellular distribution of deposited cadmium in digestive gland of mussel Crenomytilus grayanus.

The study was performed to assess in vitro effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS, oxyradicals) on intracellular distribution of accumulated cadmium in digestive gland of the mussel Crenomytilus grayanus. In vitro induction of ROS (by Fe/ascorbate reaction) in tissue homogenates of Cd-accumulated mussels led to a significant increase in lipid peroxidation (as conjugated dienes and malondialdehyde) and also to decrease in reduced glutathione and Cd-binding protein contents. Also fraction of MT-like proteins (20-22 kDa) has been shifted to a higher molecular weight area (40-45 kDa), which indicates dimerization of the protein.