Autologous organoid co-culture model reveals T cell-driven epithelial cell death in Crohn's Disease.

Lympho-epithelial interactions between intestinal T resident memory cells (Trm) and the epithelium have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) activity. We developed ex vivo autologous organoid-mucosal T cell cocultures to functionally assess lymphoepithelial interactions in Crohn's Disease (CD) patients compared to controls. We demonstrate the direct epithelial cell death induced by autologous mucosal T cells in CD patients but not in controls.

Autologous T cell responses to primary human colorectal cancer spheroids are enhanced by ectonucleotidase inhibition.

Objective: T cells are major effectors of the antitumoural immune response. Their activation by tumour-associated antigens can unleash their proliferation and cytotoxic functions, leading to tumour cell elimination. However, tumour-related immunosuppressive mechanisms including the overexpression of immune checkpoints like programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), are also engaged, promoting immune escape.

KLRG1 and CD103 Expressions Define Distinct Intestinal Tissue-Resident Memory CD8 T Cell Subsets Modulated in Crohn's Disease.

Intestinal tissue-resident memory CD8 T cells (Trm) are non-recirculating effector cells ideally positioned to detect and react to microbial infections in the gut mucosa. There is an emerging understanding of Trm cell differentiation and functions, but their implication in inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn's disease (CD), is still unknown. Here, we describe CD8 cells in the human intestine expressing KLRG1 or CD103, two receptors of E-cadherin.

T cell clonal expansions in ileal Crohn's disease are associated with smoking behaviour and postoperative recurrence.

Unlabelled: T cell clonal expansions are present in the inflamed mucosa of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and may be implicated in postoperative recurrence after ileocolonic resection.

Methods: T cell receptor (TCR) analysis was performed in 57 patients included in a prospective multicentre cohort. Endoscopic recurrence was defined by a Rutgeerts score >i0.

Natural Killer Lymphocytes Are Dysfunctional in Kidney Transplant Recipients on Diagnosis of Cancer.

Background: The incidence of cancer is increased after solid organ transplantation. Natural killer (NK) cells are key effectors of the tumor immune response.

Methods: We conducted a cross sectional multicentre matched case-control study including 42 kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) on diagnosis of cancer and 41 KTRs without cancer.

Phenotypic analysis of T cells infiltrating colon cancers: Correlations with oncogenetic status.

Colorectal cancers (CRC) develop in the face of an important immune system associated with the intestinal mucosal tissue. The immune response against the tumor has been proposed to affect the prognosis of patients undergoing treatment for CRC. In this study T cells infiltrating the tumor were compared with T cells populating the unaffected neighboring mucosal tissue and cells from the peripheral blood.

Natural killer cell function, an important target for infection and tumor protection, is impaired in type 2 diabetes.

Patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) are highly susceptible to infection and have an increased incidence of some tumors, possibly due to immune system dysfunction. In the innate cellular immune system, Natural Killer (NK) lymphocytes are important effectors responsible for controlling infections and combating tumor development. We analyzed NK cell subsets in 51 patients with long-standing T2D.