Publications by authors named "Victor Alejandro Castillo"

Hypercortisolism induces a state of insulin resistance that can occur concurrently with fasting hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and diabetes mellitus. Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production and insulin resistance of the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of metformin on the control of metabolic disorders of dogs with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC).

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Hyperadrenocorticism is a frequent disease in dogs. The excess of circulating cortisol affects different organs and metabolic pathways, producing severe adverse effects that endanger the animal's life. Among these effects, hypertension and renal damage can be mentioned.

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11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1) is an enzyme that activates cortisone into cortisol in tissues. Alterations in this enzyme are related to the development of metabolic syndrome, obesity and hyperadrenocorticism (HAC). Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces nitric oxide and is related to the regulation of adrenal steroidogenesis.

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A 12-year old dog with a 9-year history of primary adrenal insufficiency was referred to the service for hyporexia, muscle weakness, polyuria and polydipsia. Ultrasound examination showed an unresectable mass in the left adrenal gland, with local vascular invasion, which prompted the euthanasia of the animal. Additionally, necropsy revealed a nodular lesion in the right adrenal gland and enlargement of one of the four parathyroid glands.

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