The dispersion method does not affect the in vitro genotoxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes despite inducing surface alterations.

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are a desirable class of high aspect ratio nanomaterials (HARNs) owing to their extensive applications. Given their demand, the growing occupational and consumer exposure to these materials has warranted an extensive investigation into potential hazards they may pose towards human health. This study utilised both the in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation and the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assays to investigate genotoxicity in human lymphoblastoid (TK6) and 16HBE14o human lung epithelial cells, following exposure to NM-400 and NM-401 MWCNTs for 24 h.

Differentially Induced Autophagy by Engineered Nanomaterial Treatment Has an Impact on Cellular Homeostasis and Cytotoxicity.

Considering the increasing production of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), new approach methodologies (NAMs) are essential for safe-by-design approaches and risk assessment. Our aim was to enhance screening strategies with a focus on reactivity-triggered toxicities. We applied tests to 10 selected benchmark ENMs in two cell models, lung epithelial A549 and differentiated THP-1 macrophage-like cells.

Advancing Nanomaterial Toxicology Screening Through Efficient and Cost-Effective Quantitative Proteomics.

Proteomic investigations yield high-dimensional datasets, yet their application to large-scale toxicological assessments is hindered by reproducibility challenges due to fluctuating measurement conditions. To address these limitations, this study introduces an advanced tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling protocol. Although labeling approaches shorten data acquisition time by multiplexing samples compared to traditional label-free quantification (LFQ) methods in general, the associated costs may surge significantly with large sample sets, for example, in toxicological screenings.

PET microplastics affect human gut microbiota communities during simulated gastrointestinal digestion, first evidence of plausible polymer biodegradation during human digestion.

Microplastics (MPs) are a widely recognized global problem due to their prevalence in natural environments and the food chain. However, the impact of microplastics on human microbiota and their possible biotransformation in the gastrointestinal tract have not been well reported. To evaluate the potential risks of microplastics at the digestive level, completely passing a single dose of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) through the gastrointestinal tract was simulated by combining a harmonized static model and the dynamic gastrointestinal simgi model, which recreates the different regions of the digestive tract in physiological conditions.