IoT real-time monitoring system implemented to observe sunlight-influenced methylene blue degradation by AC/HAp.

Activated carbon (AC) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) composite were successfully prepared via mechanical mixing and exhibited a crushed snack-like morphology compared to the well-defined pore structure of pure AC. The purpose of this research was to explore the potential of AC/HAp for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye and hydrogen production. Despite the morphological changes, AC and AC/HAp achieved a high MB degradation rate (92.